A review on aspects of climate simulation assessment

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 736-747

  Wang, Bin ^a   Xie, Xin ^a,b   Li, Lijuan ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

Climate simulation evaluation; Forecast verification; ITCZ; Monsoon; Surface air temperature

Indexed keywords

EID: 70849112159     PISSN: 02561530     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00376-009-9038-y     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. A. Arakawa 2004 The cumulus parameterization problem: Past, present and future J. Climate 17 2493 2524 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<2493:RATCPP>2.0. CO;2 (Pubitemid 39047914)
2. J. L. Anderson 1996 A method for producing and evaluating probabilistic forecasts from ensemble model integrations J. Climate 9 1518 1530 10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1518:AMFPAE>2.0.CO;2
3. G. W. Brier 1950 Verification of forecasts expressed in terms of probability Mon. Wea. Rev. 78 1 3 10.1175/1520-0493(1950)078<0001: VOFEIT>2.0.CO;2
4. W. M. Briggs R. A. Levine 1997 Wavelets and field forecast verification Mon. Wea. Rev. 125 1329 1341 10.1175/1520-0493(1997)125<1329:WAFFV>2.0. CO;2
5. J. Brocker L. A. Smith 2007 Increasing the reliability of reliability diagrams Wea. Forecasting 22 3 651 661 10.1175/WAF993.1 (Pubitemid 47086709)
6. B. Casati L. J. Wilson 2007 A new spatial scale decomposition of the Brier score: Application to the verification of lightning probability forecasts Mon. Wea. Rev. 135 3052 3069 10.1175/MWR3442.1 (Pubitemid 47491173)
7. B. Casati 2008 Review forecast verification: Current status and future directions Meteoroogical Application 15 3 18 10.1002/met.52
8. M. K. Davey 2002 STOIC: A study of coupled model climatology and variability in tropical ocean regions Climate Dyn. 18 403 420 10.1007/s00382-001-0188-6 (Pubitemid 34161947)
9. C. Davis B. Brown R. Bullock 2006 Object-based verification of precipitation forecasts. Part I: Methodology and application to mesoscale rain areas Mon. Wea. Rev. 134 1772 1784 10.1175/MWR3145.1 (Pubitemid 44184524)
10. C. Davis B. Brown R. Bullock 2006 Object-based verification of precipitation forecasts. Part II: application to convective rain systems Mon. Wea. Rev. 134 1785 1795 10.1175/MWR3146.1 (Pubitemid 44184525)
11. A. Duan C. Sui G. Wu 2008 Simulation of local air-sea interaction in the great warm pool and its influence on Asian monsoon J. Geophys. Res. 113 D22105 10.1029/2008JD010520
12. E. E. Ebert 2008 Fuzzy verification of high resolution gridded forecasts: A review and proposed framework Meteorological Applications 15 53 66 10.1002/met.25
13. E. E. Ebert J. L. McBride 2000 Verification of precipitation in weather systems: Determination of systematic errors J. Hydrol. 239 179 202 10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00343-7 (Pubitemid 32010447)
14. I. J. Good 1952 Rational decisions Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B-Methodological 14 107 114
15. J. S. Grams W. A. Gallus S. E. Koch L. S. Wharton A. Loughe E. E. Ebert 2006 The use of a modified Ebert-McBride technique to evaluate mesoscale model QPF as a function of convective system morphology during IHOP 2002 Wea. Forecasting 21 288 306 10.1175/WAF918.1 (Pubitemid 44028371)
16. Y. Guo Y. Yu K. Chen X. Jin X. Zhang 1996 Mean climate state simulated by a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model Theor. Appl. Climatol. 55 99 112 10.1007/BF00864705
17. H. Hersbach 2000 Decomposition of the continuous rank probability score for ensemble prediction systems Wea. Forecasting 15 559 570 10.1175/1520- 0434(2000)015<0559:DOTCRP>2.0.CO;2
18. R. N. Hoffman Z. Liu J. F. Louis C. Grassotti 1995 Distortion representation of forecast errors Mon. Wea. Rev. 123 2758 2770 10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<2758:DROFE>2.0.CO;2
19. D. Jiang H. Wang X. Lang 2005 Evaluation of East Asian climatology as simulated by seven coupled models Adv. Atmos. Sci. 22 479 495 10.1007/BF02918482
20. B. P. Kirtman J. Shukla 2002 Interactive coupled ensemble: A new coupling strategy for CGCMs Geophys. Res. Lett. 29 1367 10.1029/2002GL014834
21. A. Kitoh S. Kusunoki 2008 East Asian summer monsoon simulation by a 20-km mesh AGCM Climate Dyn. 31 389 401 10.1007/s00382-007-0285-2
22. M. Latif 2001 ENSIP: The El Niño simulation intercomparison project Climate Dyn. 18 255 276 10.1007/s003820100174 (Pubitemid 34034634)
23. J. L. Li X. H. Zhang Y. Q. Yu F. S. Dai 2004 Primary reasoning behind the double ITCZ phenomenon in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model Adv. Atmos. Sci. 21 6 857 867 10.1007/BF02915593
24. Li, J.-P., and L. Zhang, 2008: Wind onset and withdrawal of Asian summer monsoon and their simulated performance in AMIP models. Climate Dyn., doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0465-8.
25. L. J. Li B. Wang Y. Q. Wang H. Wan 2007 Improvements in climate simulation with modifications to the Tiedtke convective parameterization in the Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) Adv. Atmos. Sci. 24 2 323 335 10.1007/s00376-007-0323-3
26. L. J. Li B. Wang T. J. Zhou 2007 Impacts of external forcing on the 20th century global warming Chinese Science Bulletin 52 22 3148 3154 10.1007/s11434-007-0463-y (Pubitemid 350165503)
27. Li, L. J., B. Wang, and T. J. Zhou, 2007c: Contributions of natural and anthropogenic forcings to the summer cooling over eastern China: An AGCM study. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L18807, doi: 10.1029/2007GL030541. (Pubitemid 350186727)
28. Q. P. Li Y. H. Ding 2005 Multi-year simulation of the east Asian monsoon and precipitation in China using a regional climate model and evaluation Acta Meteorologica Sinica 19 3 302 316
29. X. Li X. Zhou W. Li L. Chen 1995 The cooling of Sichuan province in recent 40 years and its probable mechanisms Acta Meteorologica Sinica 9 57 68
30. Y. Li R. Lu B. Dong 2007 The ENSO-Asian monsoon interaction in a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM J. Climate 20 5164 5177 10.1175/JCLI4289.1 (Pubitemid 350028383)
31. J. L. Lin 2007 The double-ITCZ problem in IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs: Ocean-atmosphere feedback analysis J. Climate 20 18 4497 4525 10.1175/JCLI4272.1 (Pubitemid 47617996)
32. Lorenz, P., and D. Jacob, 2005: Influence of regional scale information on the global circulation: A two-way nesting climate simulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18706, doi: 10.1029/2005GL023351. (Pubitemid 41582590)
33. Mechoso, C. R., 2006: Modeling the south eastern Pacific climate:Progress and challenges. NCEP EMC seminar. [Available online from http://www.emc.ncep. noaa.gov/seminars/presentations/2006/Mechoso.NCEP.Jan.06.ppt.]
34. C. R. Mechoso 1995 The seasonal cycle over the tropical Pacific in general circulation model Mon. Wea. Rev. 123 2825 2838 10.1175/1520-0493(1995) 123<2825:TSCOTT>2.0.CO;2
35. G. A. Meehl C. Covey B. McAvaney M. Latif R. J. Stouffer 2005 Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 86 89 93 10.1175/BAMS-86-1-89 (Pubitemid 40285474)
36. A. H. Murphy 1973 A new vector partition of the probability score J. Appl. Meteor. 12 595 600 10.1175/1520-0450(1973)012<0595:ANVPOT>2.0.CO;2
37. R. Neale J. Slingo 2003 The Maritime Continent and its role in the global climate: A GCM study J. Climate 16 834 848 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0834: TMCAIR>2.0.CO;2
38. T. Nehrkorn R. N. Hoffman C. Grassotti J.F. Louis 2003 Feature calibration and alignment to represent model forecast errors: Empirical regularization Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. 129 587 195 218 10.1256/qj.02.18 (Pubitemid 36238613)
39. Y. F. Qian Q. Wang 1984 A numerical simulation of diurnal variations of meteorological fields in summer Adv. Atmos. Sci. 1 40 52
40. Randall, D. A., and Coauthors, 2007: Climate models and their evaluation. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 600.
41. M. S. Roulston L. A. Smith 2002 Evaluating probabilistic forecasts using information theory Mon. Wea. Rev. 130 1653 1660 10.1175/1520-0493(2002) 130<1653:EPFUIT>2.0.CO;2
42. Smith, L. A. 2001: Disentangling uncertainty and error: On the predictability of nonlinear systems. Nonlinear Dynamics and Statistics, A. I. Mees, Ed., Birkhauser, Boston, MA, 31-64.
43. E. K. Schneider 2002 Understanding differences between the equatorial Pacific as simulated by two coupled GCMs J. Climate 15 449 469 10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0449:UDBTEP>2.0.CO;2
44. A. Tremblay S. G. Cober A. Glazer G. Isaac J. Mailhot 1996 An intercomparison of mesoscale forecasts of aircraft icing using SSM/I retrievals Wea. Forecasting 11 66 77 10.1175/1520-0434(1996)011<0066:AIOMFO>2.0.CO;2
45. Wang, B., and Q. Lee, 2008: Global monsoon: Dominant mode of annual variation in the tropics. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, doi: 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2007.05. 002.
46. B. Wang H. Wan Z. Z. Ji X. Zhang R. C. Yu Y. Q. Yu H. B. Liu 2004 Design of a new dynamical core for global atmospheric models based on some efficient numerical methods Science in China (A) 47 Suppl 4 21
47. B. Wang I. S. Kang J. Y. Lee 2004 Ensemble simulations of Asian-Australian monsoon variability by 11 AGCMs J. Climate 17 803 818 10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017<0803:ESOAMV>2.0.CO;2
48. B. Wang J. Yang T. J. Zhou 2008 Strengthening relationship with ENSO since the late 1970s J. Climate 21 1771 1789 10.1175/2007JCLI1981.1 (Pubitemid 351753181)
49. Wang, B. and Coauthors, 2008b: How accurately do coupled climate models predict the leading modes of Asian-Australian monsoon interannual variability? Climate Dyn., 30, doi: 10.1007/s00382-007-0310-5.
50. A. Weisheimer L. A. Smith K. Judd 2004 A new view of forecast skill: Bounding boxes from the DEMETER ensemble seasonal forecasts Tellus 57 3 265 279
51. L. J. Wilson W. R. Burrows A. Lanzinger 1999 A strategy for verification of weather element forecasts from an ensemble prediction system Mon. Wea. Rev. 127 956 970 10.1175/1520-0493(1999)127<0956:ASFVOW>2.0.CO;2
52. Wu, T. W., and Coauthors, 2008: The Beijing Climate Center atmospheric general circulation model: Description and its performance for the present-day climate. Climate Dyn., doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0487-2.
53. Z. W. Wu J. P. Li 2008 Prediction of the Asian-Australian monsoon interannual variations with the Grid-Point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) Adv. Atmos. Sci. 25 3 387 394 10.1007/s00376-008-0387-8
54. S. P. Xie 2007 A regional ocean-atmosphere model for eastern Pacific climate: Toward reducing tropical biases J. Climate 20 8 1504 1522 10.1175/JCLI4080.1 (Pubitemid 46681946)
55. Y. Q. Yu R. C. Yu X. Zhang H. L. Liu C. Yuan S. Chen 2002 A flexible global coupled climate model Adv. Atmos. Sci. 19 169 190 10.1007/s00376-002- 0083-z
56. Y. Yu 2008 Coupled model simulations of climate changes in the past century and future climate Adv. Atmos. Sci. 25 4 641 654 10.1007/s00376-008- 0641-0
57. Zeng, Q. C., X. Zhang, X. Liang, C. Yuan, and S. Chen, 1989: Documentation of IAP two-level atmospheric general circulation model. TR044: DOE/ER/60314-H1.
58. G. J. Zhang N. A. McFarlane 1995 Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model Atmos.-Ocean 33 407 446
59. Zhang, G. J., and H. Wang, 2006: Toward mitigating the double ITCZ problem in NCAR CCSM3. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L06709, doi: 10.1029/2005GL025229.
60. Zhang, L., and J. Li, 2007: Seasonal rotation features of wWind vectors and application to evaluate monsoon simulations in AMIP models. Climate Dyn., 31, doi: 10.1007/s00382-007-0327-9.
61. X. Zhang X. Liang 1989 A numerical world ocean general circulation model Adv. Atmos. Sci. 6 43 61
62. X. Zhang N. Bao R. C. Yu W. Wang 1992 Coupling scheme experiments based on an atmospheric and an oceanic GCM Chinese J. Atmos. Sci. 16 2 129 144
63. Zhang, X. H., G. Y. Shi, H. Liu, and Y. Q. Yu, 2000: IAP Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model, Science Press, Beijing, New York, 252pp.
64. Zhang, X., G. Shi, H. Liu, and Y. Yu, Eds., 2000: IAP Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model, Science Press, Beijing, 252pp.
65. X. Zhang W. Lin M. Zhang 2007 Toward understanding the double Intertropical Convergence Zone pathology in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models J. Geophys. Res. 112 D12102 10.1029/2006JD007878 (Pubitemid 47241625)
66. L.-X. Zhang T. -J. Zhou B. Wu Q. Bao 2008 The annual modes of tropical precipitation simulated by LASG/IAP ocean-atmosphere coupled model FGOALS s1.1 Acta Meteorologica Sinica 66 6 968 981
67. Y. -C. Zhang M. Takahashi L.-L. Guo 2008 Analysis of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet Simulated by CCSR/NIES/FRCGC Coupled Climate System Model Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 86 257 278 10.2151/jmsj.86.257
68. T. J. Zhou 2005 The climate system model FGOALS-s using LASG/IAP Spectral AGCM SAMIL as its atmospheric component Acta Meteorologica Sinica 63 5 702 715
69. T. J. Zhou R. C. Yu 2006 Twentieth century surface air temperature over China and the globe simulated by coupled climate models J. Climate 19 22 5843 5858 10.1175/JCLI3952.1 (Pubitemid 44964281)
70. T.J. Zhou Y. Q. Yu H. L. Liu W. Li X. B. You G. Q. Zhou 2007 Progress in the development and application of climate ocean models and ocean-atmosphere coupled models in china Adv. Atmos. Sci. 24 6 1109 1120 10.1007/s00376-007-1109- 3
71. Zhou, T. J., and Coauthors, 2008a: The CLIVAR C20C Project: Which components of the Asian-Australian monsoon variability are forced and reproducible? Climate Dyn., doi: 10.1007/s00382-008-0501-8.
72. Zhou, T. J., B. Wu, and B. Wang, 2008b: How well do atmospheric general circulation models capture the leading modes of the interannual variability of Asian-Australian monsoon? J. Climate, 21, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2245.1.
73. T. J. Zhou B. Wu X. Wen L. Li B. Wang 2008 A fast version of LASG/IAP climate system model and its 1000-year control integration Adv. Atmos. Sci. 25 4 655 672 10.1007/s00376-008-0655-7