Effects of carbon fillers on rheology of polypropylene-based resins

Journal of Composite Materials

Volumn 43, Issue 25, 2009, Pages 3073-3089

  King, Julia A ^a   Via, Michael D ^a   Keith, Jason M ^a   Morrison, Faith A ^a  

^a Michigan Technological University   (United States)

Author keywords

Bipolar plates.; Carbon; Composites; Polypropylene; Rheology

Indexed keywords

BIPOLAR PLATES; CARBON COMPOSITES; CARBON FILLERS; COMPOSITES; FACTORIAL DESIGN; GRAPHITE PARTICLES; VISCOSITY INCREASE;

CARBON BLACK; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELASTICITY; FILLING; GRAPHITE; PLASTICITY; RESINS; RHEOLOGY; THERMOPLASTICS; VISCOSITY;

FILLERS;

EID: 70749090789     PISSN: 00219983     EISSN: 1530793X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0021998309345335     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Finan, J.M. (1999). Thermally Conductive Thermoplastic Materials, In: Proceedings of the Society of Plastics Engineers Annual Technical Conference, pp. 1547-15502-6 May.
2. Agari, Y. and Uno, T. (1985). Thermal Conductivity of Polymer Filled with Carbon Materials: Effect of Conductive Particle Chains on Thermal Conductivity, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 30: 2225-2235.
3. Bigg, D.M. (1977). Conductive Polymeric Compositions, Polymer Engineering and Science, 17 (12). 842-847.
4. Bigg, D.M. (1986). Thermally Conductive Polymer Compositions, Polymer Composites, 7 (3). 125-140.
5. Bigg, D.M. (1985). Effect of Compounding on the Properties of Short Fiber Reinforced Injection Moldable Thermoplastic Composites, Polymer Composites, 6 (1). 20-28.
6. Nagata, K., Iwabuki, H. and Nigo, H. (1999). Effect of Particle Size of Graphites on Electrical Conductivity of Graphite/Polymer Composite, Composite Interfaces, 6 (5). 483-495.
7. Demain, A. (1994). Thermal Conductivity of Polymer-chopped Carbon Fibre Composites, PhD Dissertation, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
8. King, J.A., Tucker, K.W., Meyers, J.D., Weber, E.H., Clingerman, M.L. and Ambrosius, K.R. (2001). Factorial Design Approach Applied to Electrically and Thermally Conductive Nylon 6,6, Polymer Composites, 22 (1). 142-154.
9. Murthy, M.V. (1994). Permanent EMI Shielding of Plastics using Copper Fibers, In: Proceedings of the Society of Plastics Engineers Annual Technical Conference, pp. 1396-1400, 1-5 May.
10. Simon, R.M. (1985). Thermally and Electrically Conductive Flake Filled Plastics, Polymer News, 11: 102-108.
11. Mapleston, P. (1992). Conductive Composites Get a Growth Boost from Metallic Fibers, Modern Plastics, 69: 80-83.
12. Donnet, J.-B., Bansal, R.C. and Wang, M.-J. (1993). Carbon Black, 2 nd edn, Marcel Dekker, Inc, NY.
13. Huang, J.-C. (2002). Carbon Black Filled Conducting Polymers and Polymer Blends, Advances in Polymer Technology, 21: 299-313.
14. Bigg, D.M. (1979). Mechanical, Thermal, and Electrical Properties of Metal Fiber-filled Polymer Composites, Polymer Engineering and Science, 19 (16). 1188-1192.
15. Wilson, M.S. and Busick, D.N. (2001). Composite Bipolar Plate for Electrochemical Cells, U.S. Patent Number 6, 248, 467.
16. Loutfy, R.O. and Hecht, M. (2003). Low Cost Molded Plastic Fuel Cell Separator Plate with Conductive Elements, U.S. Patent Number 6, 511, 766.
17. Braun, J.C., Zabriskie Jr, J.E., Neutzler, J.K., Fuchs, M. and Gustafson, R.C. (2001). Fuel Cell Collector Plate and Method of Fabrication, U.S. Patent Number 6,180,275.
18. Mehta, V. and Cooper, J.S. (2003). Review and Analysis of PEM Fuel Cell Design and Manufacturing, Journal of Power Sources, 114: 32-53.
19. Migri, F., Huneault, M.A. and Champagne, M.F. (2004). Electrically Conductive Thermoplastic Blends for Injection and Compression Molding of Bipolar Plates in the Fuel Cell Application, Polymer Engineering Science, 44: 1755-1765.
20. Huang, J., Baird, D.G. and McGrath, J.E. (2005). Development of Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates from Graphite Filled Wet-lay Thermoplastic Composite Materials, Journal of Power Sources, 150: 110-119.
21. Wolf, H. and Willert-Porada, M. (2006). Electrically Conductive LCP-carbon Composite with Low Carbon Content for Bipolar Plate Application in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell, Journal of Power Sources, 153: 41-46.
22. Robberg, K. and Trapp, V. (2003). Graphite Based Bipolar Plates, In: Vielstick, W., Gasteiger, H.A. and Lamm, A. (eds), Handbook of Fuel Cells - Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, Fuel Cell Technology and Applications, Chap. 26, pp. 308-314, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., New York.
23. Hermann, A., Chaudhur, T. and Spagnol, P. (2005). Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cells: A Review, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 30: 1297-1302.
24. Wang, Y. (2006). Conductive Thermoplastic Composite Blends for Flow Field Plates for Use in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), MS Thesis, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
25. The Dow Chemical Company Polypropylene Resin Produce Literature, Form 167-00162-0905X, Midland, MI, 48674 (2005).
26. Akzo Nobel Electrically Conductive Ketjenblack Product Literature, 300. S. Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL, 60606 (1999).
27. King, J.A., Morrison, F.A., Keith, J.M., Miller, M.G., Smith, R.C., Cruz, M., Neuhalfen, A.M. and Barton, R.L. (2006). Electrical Conductivity and Rheology of Carbon-filled Liquid Crystal Polymer Composites, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 101 (4). 2680-2688.
28. Asbury Carbons Product Information, Asbury, NJ, 08802 (2004).
29. Conoco Carbons Products Literature, Conoco, Inc., P.O. Box 2197, Houston, TX, 77252-2197 (1999).
30. Hyperion Catalysis International Fibril Product Literature, Hyperion Catalysis International, 38 Smith Place, Cambridge, MA 02138 (2008).
31. Morrison, F.A. (2001). Understanding Rheology, Oxford University Press, New York.
32. Standard Test Methods for Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer (2002). ASTM Standard D3835-02, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia.
33. Bagley, E.B. (1957). End Corrections in the Capillary Flow of Polyethylene, Journal of Applied Physics, 28: 624-627.
34. Heiser, J.A., King, J.A., Konell, J.P., Miskioglu, I. and Sutter, L.L. (2004). Tensile and Impact Properties of Carbon Filled Nylon 6,6 Based Resins, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 91 (5). 2881-2893.
35. Konell, J.P., King, J.A. and Miskioglu, I. (2004). Synergistic Effects of Carbon Fillers on Tensile and Impact Properties in Nylon 6,6 and Polycarbonate Based Resins, Polymer Composites, 25 (2). 172-185.
36. King, J.A., Barton, R.L., Hauser, R.A. and Keith, J.M. (2008). Synergistic Effects of Carbon Fillers in Electrically and Thermally Conductive Liquid Crystal Polymer Based Resins, Polymer Composites, 29: 421-428.
37. Sugimoto, M., Tanaka, T., Masubuchi, Y., Takimoto, J.-I. and Koyama, K. (1999). Effect of Chain Structure on the Melt Rheology of Modified Polypropylene, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 73: 1493-1500.
38. Han, C.D. (1973). Rheological Properties of Calcium Carbonate Filled Polypropylene Melts, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 18: 821-829.
39. Dealy, J.M. and Wissbrun, K.F. (1990). Melt Rheology and Its Role in Plastics Processing, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
40. King, J.A., Tambling, T.M., Morrison, F.A., Keith, J.M., Cole, A.J. and Pagel, R.M. (2008). Effects of Carbon Fillers on the Rheology of Highly Filled Liquid Crystal Polymer Based Resins, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 108: 1646-1656.
41. Lobe, V.M. and White, J.L. (1979). An Experimental Study of the Influence of Carbon Black on the Rheological Properties of a Polystyrene Melt, Polymer Enginering Science, 19: 617-624.
42. Tanaka, H. and White, J.L. (1980). Experimental Investigations of Shear and Elongational Flow Properties of Polystyrene Melts Reinforced with Calcium Carbonate, Titanium Dioxide, and Carbon Black, Polymer Engineering Science, 20: 949-956.
43. Montgomery, D.C. (2001). Design and Analysis of Experiments, 5 th edn, John Wiley & Sons Inc, New York.