Coronary heart disease in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive black and non-black patients randomized to pravastatin versus usual care: The Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT)

American Heart Journal

Volumn 158, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 948-955

  Margolis, Karen L ^a   Dunn, Kay ^b   Simpson, Lara M ^b   Ford, Charles E ^b   Williamson, Jeff D ^c   Gordon, David J ^d   Einhorn, Paula T ^d   Probstfield, Jeffrey L ^e  

^a HEALTHPARTNERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^c WAKE FOREST SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; AMLODIPINE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ATENOLOL; CHLORTALIDONE; CHOLESTEROL; DOXAZOSIN; LISINOPRIL; PRAVASTATIN;

ADULT; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGED; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG EFFICACY; EUROPEAN AMERICAN; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART INFARCTION PREVENTION; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; RACE DIFFERENCE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; THERAPY EFFECT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

AFRICAN AMERICANS; AGED; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS; CORONARY DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PRAVASTATIN; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

EID: 70549098831     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: 10976744     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.10.001     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 366 (2005) 1267-1278
2. ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs usual care: the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 288 (2002) 2998-3007
3. Davis B.R., Cutler J.A., Gordon D.J., et al., for the ALLHAT Research Group. Rationale and design for the Antihypertensive and Lipid Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Am J Hypertens 9 (1996) 342-360
4. Klein J.P., and Moeschberger M.L. Survival analysis: techniques for censored and truncated regression (1997), Springer-Verlag, New York (NY)
5. Kalbfleish J.D., and Prentice R.L. The statistical analysis of failure time data. 2nd ed. (2002), John Wiley and Sons, New York (NY)
6. Cushman W.C., Ford C.E., Cutler J.A., et al., for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. Success and predictors of blood pressure control in diverse North American settings: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). J Clin Hypertens 4 (2002) 393-404
7. Shepherd J., Cobbe S.M., Ford I., et al., for the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 333 (1995) 1301-1307
8. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye L.A., et al., for The Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1001-1009
9. The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1349-1357
10. Shepherd J., Blauw G.J., Murphy M.B., et al., for PROSPER study group. PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 1623-1630
11. Ridker P.M., Danielson E., Fonseca F.A., et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Eng J Med 359 (2008) 2195-2207
12. Muck W., Unger S., Kawano K., et al. Inter-ethnic comparisons of the pharmacokinetics of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor cerivastatin. Br J Clin Pharmacol 45 (1998) 583-590
13. Fong R.L., and Ward H.J. The efficacy of lovastatin in lowering cholesterol in African Americans with primary hypercholesterolemia. Am J Med 102 (1997) 387-391
14. Prisant L.M., Downtown M., Watkins L.O., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of lovastatin in 459 African-Americans with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiol 78 (1996) 420-424
15. Maitland-van der Zee A.H., Lynch A., Boerwinkle E., et al. Interactions between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the homocysteine pathway (MTHFR 677 C>T, MTHFR 1298 A>C and CBSins) and the efficacy of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in preventing cardiovascular disease in high-risk hypertensives: The GenHAT Study. Pharmacogenet Genom 18 (2008) 651-656
16. Tsai M.Y., Loria C.M., Cao J., et al. Polygenic association with homocysteine in the post-folic acid fortification era: the CARDIA study. Mol Genet Metab 98 (2009) 181-186
17. Klerk M., Verhoef P., Clarke R., et al. MTHFR 667→T polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA 288L (2002) 2023-2031
18. Janosikova B., Pavlikova M., Kocmanova C., et al. Genetic variants of homocysteine metabolizing enzymes and the risk of coronary artery disease. Mol Genet Metab 79 (2003) 167-175
19. Tsai M.Y., Bignell M., Yang F., et al. Polygenic influence on plasma homocysteine: association of two prevalent mutations, the844ins68 of cystathionine beta-synthase and A(2756)G of methionine synthase, with lowered plasma homocysteine levels. Atherosclerosis 149 (2000) 131-137
20. de Franchis R., Fermo I., Mazzola G., et al. Contribution of the cystathionine beta-synthase gene (844ins68) polymorphism to the risk of early-onset venous and arterial occlusive disease and of fasting hyperhomocysteinemia. Thromb Haemost 84 (2000) 576-582
21. Urreitzi R., Asteggiano C., Vilaseca M.A., et al. A CBA haplotype and a polymorphism at the MSR gene are associated with cardiovascular disease in a Spanish case-control study. Clin Biochem 40 (2007) 864-868
22. Yood M.U., McCarthy B.D., Kempf J., et al. Racial differences in reaching target low-density lipoprotein goal among individuals treated with prescription statin therapy. Am Heart J 152 (2006) 777-784
23. Nelson K., Norris K., and Mangione C.M. Disparities in the diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment of high serum cholesterol by race and ethnicity: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Intern Med 162 (2003) 929-935
24. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Disparities in screening for and awareness of high blood cholesterol-United States, 1999-2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 54 (2005) 117-119