Metallurgy in ancient eastern Asia: Retrospect and prospects

Journal of World Prehistory

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 265-281

  Linduff, Katheryn M ^a   Mei, Jianjun ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BEIJING   (China)

Author keywords

Ancient metallurgy; Chinese metallurgy; Eurasian metallurgy; Multi centered production

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; CIVILIZATION; HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE; METALLURGY; SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT; SOCIAL HISTORY;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST;

EID: 70450247122     PISSN: 08927537     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10963-009-9023-5     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Z An 1989 Chinese archaeology: Past and present Archaeological Review from Cambridge 8 1 12 18
2. Z An 1993 On early copper and bronze objects in ancient China Kaogu 12 1110 1119
3. Anthony, D. W. (2007). The horse, the wheel and language. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
4. Barnard, N. (1961). Bronze casting and bronze alloys in ancient China. Canberra: Australia National University.
5. Barnard, N. (1983). Further evidence to support the hypothesis of indigenous origins of metallurgy in ancient China. In Keightley, D. N. (Ed.), The origins of Chinese civilization (pp. 237-277). Berkeley: University of California Press.
6. N Barnard 1987 Bronze casting technology in the peripheral 'Barbarian' regions Bulletin of the Metals Museum 12 3 37
7. N Barnard 1993 Thoughts on the emergence of metallurgy in pre-Shang and early Shang China, and a technical appraisal of relevant bronze artifacts of the time Bulletin of the Metals Museum 19 3 48
8. Barnard, N., & Tomatsu, S. (1975). Metallurgical remains of ancient China. Tokyo: Nichiosha.
9. BUIST (Beijing University of Iron and Steel Technology, Archaeometallurgy Group) 1981 A preliminary study of early Chinese copper and bronze artifacts Kaogu xuebao 3 287 302
10. EC Bunker 1993 Gold in the ancient Chinese world: A cultural puzzle Artibus Asiae LIII 1/2 27 50 10.2307/3250506
11. Bunker, E. C. (1994a). The metallurgy of personal adornment, adornment for eternity: Status and rank in Chinese ornament (pp. 31-39). Denver: Denver Art Museum/The Woods Publishing Co.
12. EC Bunker 1994 The enigmatic role of silver in China Orientations 25 8 73 78
13. KC Chang 1977 Chinese archaeology since 1949 Journal of Asian Studies XXXVI 4 623 644 10.2307/2054432
14. Chang, K. C. (1980). Art, myth and ritual: The path to political authority in ancient China. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
15. KC Chang 1981 Archaeology and Chinese historiography World Archaeology 13 2 156 168
16. Chang, K. C. (1986). The archaeology of ancient China (4th ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press.
17. Chase, W. T., & Douglas, J. G. (1997). Appendix 2: Technical studies and metal compositional analysis of bronzes from the Eastern Eurasian steppes. In E. C. Bunker, et al. (Eds.), Ancient bronzes of the Eastern Eurasian steppes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections (pp. 306-418). New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
18. C Chen 1988 Chinese archaeology and the West Archaeological Review from Cambridge 8 1 26 35
19. KT Chen F Hiebert 1995 The late prehistory of Xinjiang in relation to its neighbors Journal of World Prehistory 9.2 243 300 10.1007/BF02221840
20. Chernykh, E. N. (1992). Ancient metallurgy in the USSR: The early metal age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
21. Chernykh, E. N. (1997). Kargaly, Zabytyi mir (Kargaly: The forgotten world). Moscow: Izdatel'stvo 'NOX'.
22. Chernykh, E. N. (2002-2007). Kargaly (Vols. 1-5). Moscow: Nauka.
23. Chernykh, E. N., Antipina, E. E., & Lebewedeva, E. Y. (1998). Produktionsformen der Urgesellschaft in der Steppen Osteuropas (Ackerbau, Viezucht, Erzgewinnung und Verhuttung), Das Karpatenbeckens und die Osteuropaïsche Steppe: Nomadenbewegungen und Kulturaustausch in der vorchristlichen Metallzeit (4000-500 v. Chr.) (pp. 233-252). Leidorf: Sudosteuropa-Geselschaft, München. B. Hensel und Rahhen/Westf.
24. Chernykh, E. N., & Kuzminykh, S. V. (1989). Ancient metallurgy in the Northern Eurasia: Seyma-Turbino phenomenon. Moscow: Nauka.
25. CICARP: The Chifeng International Collaborative Archaeological Research Project [InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.]. (2003). Regional archaeology in Eastern Inner Mongolia: A methodological exploration. [InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.], Beijing [InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.] : Science Press [InlineMediaObject not available: see fulltext.]. (In Chinese and English).
26. Fong, W. (1980). The great Bronze Age of China. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
27. Gening, V. F., Zdanovich, G. B., & Gening, V. V. (1992) Archaeological sites of Aryan Tribes of the Ural-Kazakh steppes, Chelyabinsk.
28. Gettens, J. R. (1967). The Freer Chinese bronzes. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution (Oriental studies, no. 7).
29. C Higham T Higham 2009 A new chronological framework for prehistoric Southeast Asia, based on a Bayesian model from Ban Nok Wat Antiquity 83 125 144
30. Hua, J. (1986). On the history of metallurgy and casting in China. Beijing: Wenwu Chubanshe.
31. Hua, J. (1987). Technological characteristics of metal technology in ancient China, Ziran Kexueshi Yanjiu, 1.
32. J Hua 1991 A discussion of the origin of Chinese metallurgy Ziran Kexue Shi Yanjiu 4 364 369
33. Indrisano, G. (2006). Subsistence, environmental fluctuation and social change: A case study in South Central Inner Mongolia, PhD Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
34. B Karlgren 1945 Some weapons and tools of the Yin Dynasty Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities XCII 101 144
35. Keightley, D. N. (1990). Early civilization in China: Reflections on how it became China. In P. S. Ropp (Ed.), Heritage of China: Contemporary perspectives on Chinese civilization. Oxford: University of Oxford Press, Ltd.
36. KG Kaogu. (1978). 1, 23-34.
37. KGYWW (Kaogu yu Wenwu). (1980). 3, 22-24.
38. KGXB (Kaogu Xuebao). (1988). (3), 322-331.
39. Y Li KJ Willis L Zhou H Cui 2006 The impact of ancient civilization on the Northeastern Chinese landscape: Palaeoecological evidence from the Western Liaohe River, Inner Mongolia The Holocene 16 8 1109 1121 10.1177/ 0959683606069403
40. Li, Y., Zhu, Y., & Chen, J. (2007). Bronze metallurgy of the upper Xiajiadian culture, BUMA-V Meeting, Beijing, Unpublished paper.
41. Lin, Y. (1986). A reexamination of the relationship between bronzes of the Shang culture and of the northern zone. In K. C. Chang (Ed.), Studies of Shang archaeology (pp. 237-273). New Haven/London: Yale University Press.
42. Linduff, K. M. (1997). An archaeological overview: Section 1. Reconstructing Frontier cultures from archaeological evidence. In: E. C. Bunker, et al. (Eds.), Ancient bronzes of the Eastern Eurasian steppes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections (pp. 18-33). New York: The Arthur M. Sackler Foundation.
43. Linduff, K. M. (1998). The emergence and demise of bronze-using cultures outside the Central Plain in ancient China. In V. Mair (Ed.), The Bronze Age and early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia (pp. 619-643). Washington, DC: The Journal of Indo-European Studies/The University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Monograph Series.
44. Linduff, K. M. (2004). The beginnings of metallurgy from the Urals to the Yellow River. In K. M. Linduff (Ed.), Metallurgy in ancient eastern Eurasia from the Urals to the Yellow River. Lewiston: Mellen Press.
45. Linduff, K. M., Drennan, R. D., & Shelach, G. (2002-2004). Early complex societies in Northeast China: The Chifeng International Collaborative Archaeological Research Project, Journal of Field Archaeology, 29(1-2), 45-73.
46. Linduff, K. M., Rubin, H., & Shuyun, S. (2000). The beginnings of metallurgy in China. Lampeter: Edwin Mellen Press.
47. L Liu 1996 Settlement patterns, chiefdom variability, and the development of early states in North China Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 15 237 288 10.1006/jaar.1996.0010 (Pubitemid 126168465)
48. Liu, L., & Chen, X. (2003). State formation of early China. London: Duckworth.
49. X Liu W Li 2007 Zhongguo zaoqi qingtong wenhua de quyuan ji qi siangguan wenti xintan (A new study on the origin of early Chinese bronze culture and relevant issues) Zangxue xuekan (Journal of Tibetology) 3 1063
50. M Loehr 1949 Weapons and tools from Anyang and Siberian analogies American Journal of Archaeology LIII 126 144 10.2307/500499
51. M Loehr 1949 Ordos daggers and knives: New material classification and chronology Artibus Asiae XII 23 83 10.2307/3248308
52. Mei, J. (2000). Copper and bronze metallurgy in late prehistoric Xinjiang: Its cultural context and relationship with neighboring regions, BAR International Series 865. Oxford: Archaeopress.
53. J Mei 2003 Cultural interaction between China and Central Asia during the Bronze Age Proceedings of the British Academy 121 1 39
54. J Mei 2003 Qijia and Seima-Turbino: The question of early contacts between Northwest China and the Eurasian steppe Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities 75 31 54
55. Mei, J., & Shell, C. (1998). Copper and bronze metallurgy in late prehistoric Xinjiang. In V. Mair (Ed.), The Bronze Age and early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia (Vol. 2, pp. 581-597). Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man.
56. J Mei C Shell 1999 The existence of Andronovo cultural influence in Xinjiang during the second millennium BC Antiquity 73 281 570 578
57. RE Murowchick 1997 The State of Sino-foreign collaborative archaeology in China Orientations 28 6 26 33
58. JW Olsen 1987 The practice of archaeology in China today Antiquity 61 282 290
59. Peng, K. (1998). The Andronovo bronze artifacts discovered in Toquztara county in Yili, Xinjiang. In V. Mair (Ed.), The Bronze Age and early Iron Age peoples of Eastern Central Asia (pp. 573-580). Washington, DC/Philadelphia: The Institute for the Study of Man/The University of Pennsylvania Museum Publications.
60. Piggott, V. C., & Ciarla, R. (2007). On the origins of metallurgy in prehistoric Southeast Asia: The view from Thailand. In S. La Niece, D. Hook, & P. Craddock (Eds.), Metals and mines: Studies in archaeometallurgy (pp. 76-88). British Museum, Archetype Publications: London.
61. G Shelach 1994 Social complexity in North China during the early Bronze Age: A comparative study of the Erlitou and Lower Xiajiadian cultures Asian Perspectives 33 261 292
62. Shelach, G. (1999). Leadership strategies, economic activity, and interrogational interaction: Social complexity in northeast China. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
63. T Shui 1993 Xinjiang qingtong shidai zhu wenhua de bijiao yanjiu (A comparative study of the Bronze Age cultures in Xinjiang) Guoxue yanjiu (Studies in Sinology) 1 447 490
64. So, J., & Bunker, E. C. (1995). Traders and raiders on China's northern frontier, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Seattle: University of Washington Press.
65. S Sun R Han 1997 Study of casting and manufacturing techniques of early copper and bronze artifacts found in Gansu Wenwu 7 54 84
66. Tylecote, R. F. (1976). A history of metallurgy. London: Institute of Materials.
67. AP Underhill GM Feinman L Nicholas G Bennett F Cai HYF Luan H Fang 1998 Systematic, regional survey in SE Shandong Province, China Journal of Field Archaeology 25 453 474 10.2307/530639
68. L von Falkenhausen 1993 On the historiographical orientation of Chinese archaeology Antiquity 67 839 849
69. von Falkenhausen, L. (1995). The regionalist paradigm in Chinese archaeology. In P. Kohl & C. Fawcett (Eds.), Nationalism, politics, and the practice of archaeology (pp. 198-217). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
70. E Wu 1995 Bronze artifacts from Yin to Zhou periods in Northern China KGXB 2 135 155
71. XSZ. (2000). Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project Zhuanjiazu. Xia-Shang-Zhou duandai gongcheng 1996-2000 nian jieduan chengguo baogao, Jianben. Beijing: Shijie Publishing Co.
72. Xu, Y. (1989). The Siba culture at Houshaogou, Donghuishan, Minle County, The Almanac of Chinese archaeology (pp. 246-247). Wenwu Press: Beijing.
73. GB Zdanovich 1997 Arkaim-kul'turnyi kompleks epokhi srednei bronzy yuzhnogo Zaural'ia (Arkaim: A cultural complex of the middle Bronze Age in the South Ural Region) Rossiiskaia arkheologiia (Russian Archaeology) 2 47 68
74. Zhang, Z. (1986). Zhongguo Beifang Kaogu Wenjiu (collection of articles on the archaeology of North China). Beijing: Wenwu Press.