Role of T2* magnetic resonance in monitoring iron chelation therapy

Acta Haematologica

Volumn 122, Issue 2-3, 2009, Pages 146-154

  Carpenter, John Paul ^a   Pennell, Dudley J ^a  

^a ROYAL BROMPTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cardiac complications; Chelation; Magnetic resonance imaging; Monitoring of thalassaemia patients; Myocardial siderosis; T2; Thalassaemia

Indexed keywords

DEFERASIROX; DEFERIPRONE; DEFEROXAMINE; FERRITIN; IRON CHELATING AGENT; PLACEBO; IRON;

BETA THALASSEMIA; CARDIOMYOPATHY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HEART MUSCLE BIOPSY; HEART RIGHT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HUMAN; IRON CHELATION; IRON OVERLOAD; MEASUREMENT; MONOTHERAPY; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SIDEROSIS; TREATMENT DURATION; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); HEART MUSCLE; LIVER; METABOLISM; METHODOLOGY; MONITORING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; REPRODUCIBILITY; THALASSEMIA;

CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; FERRITINS; HUMANS; IRON; IRON CHELATING AGENTS; LIVER; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; MYOCARDIUM; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; THALASSEMIA;

EID: 70450220305     PISSN: 00015792     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000243799     Document Type: Review

References (24)

1. Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M: Survival in beta thalassaemia major in the UK: data from the UK Thalassaemia Register. Lancet 2000; 355: 2051-2052.
2. Modell B, Khan M, Darlison M, Westwood MA, Ingram D, Pennell DJ: Improved survival of thalassaemia major in the UK and relation to T2 * cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2008; 10: 42.
3. Anderson LJ, Holden S, Davis B, Prescott E, Charrier CC, Bunce NH, Firmin DN, Wonke B, Porter J, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: Cardiovascular T2-star (T2 * ) magnetic resonance for the early diagnosis of myocardial iron overload. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 2171-2179.
4. Link G, Pinson A, Hershko C: Ability of the orally effective iron chelators dimethyl- and diethyl-hydroxypyrid-4-one and of deferoxamine to restore sarcolemmal thiolic enzyme activity in iron-loaded heart cells. Blood 1994; 83: 2692-2697.
5. Jensen PD, Jensen FT, Christensen T, Heickendorff L, Jensen LG, Ellegaard J: Indirect evidence for the potential ability of magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the myocardial iron content in patients with transfusional iron overload. MAGMA 2001; 12: 153-166.
6. St Pierre TG, Clark PR, Chua-Anusorn W: Single spin-echo proton transverse relaxometry of iron-loaded liver. NMR Biomed 2004; 17: 446-458.
7. Wood JC, Otto-Duessel M, Aguilar M, Nick H, Nelson MD, Coates TD, Pollack H, Moats R: Cardiac iron determines cardiac T2 * , T2, and T1 in the gerbil model of iron cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2005; 112: 535-543.
8. Mavrogeni SI, Markussis V, Kaklamanis L, Tsiapras D, Paraskevaidis I, Karavolias G, Karagiorga M, Douskou M, Cokkinos DV, Kremastinos DT: A comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac biopsy in the evaluation of heart iron overload in patients with beta-thalassemia major. Eur J Haematol 2005; 75: 241-247.
9. He T, Gatehouse PD, Anderson LJ, Tanner M, Keegan J, Pennell DJ, Firmin DN: Development of a novel optimized breathhold technique for myocardial T2 measurement in thalassemia. J Magn Reson Imaging 2006; 24: 580-585.
10. Westwood M, Anderson LJ, Firmin DN, Gatehouse PD, Charrier CC, Wonke B, Pennell DJ: A single breath-hold multiecho T2 * cardiovascular magnetic resonance technique for diagnosis of myocardial iron overload. J Magn Reson Imaging 2003; 18: 33-39.
11. Wood JC, Tyszka JM, Carson S, Nelson MD, Coates TD: Myocardial iron loading in transfusion-dependent thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Blood 2004; 103: 1934-1936.
12. Ramazzotti A, Pepe A, Positano V, Scattini B, Santarelli MF, Landini L, De Marchi D, Keilberg P, Derchi G, Formisano F, Pili M, Lai ME, Forni G, Filosa A, Prossomariti L, Capra M, Pitrolo L, Borgna-Pignatti C, Cianciulli P, Maggio A, Lombardi M: Standardized T2 * map of a normal human heart to correct T2 * segmental artifacts. Myocardial iron overload and fibrosis in thalassemia intermedia versus thalassemia major patients and electrocardiogram changes in thalassemia major patients. Hemoglobin 2008; 32: 97-107.
13. Ghugre NR, Enriquez CM, Gonzalez I, Nelson MD Jr, Coates TD, Wood JC: MRI detects myocardial iron in the human heart. Magn Reson Med 2006; 56: 681-686.
14. Carpenter JP, He T, Kirk P, Anderson LJ, Porter JB, Wood JC, Galanello R, Forni G, Catani G, Fucharoen S, Fleming A, House M, Black G, Firmin DN, St Pierre TG, Pennell DJ: Calibration of myocardial iron concentration against T2-star cardiovascular magnetic resonance. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2009; 11(suppl 1):P224.
15. Westwood MA, Anderson LJ, Maceira AM, Shah FT, Prescott E, Porter JB, Wonke B, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: Normalized left ventricular volumes and function in thalassemia major patients with normal myocardial iron. J Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 25: 1147-1151.
16. Tanner MA, Porter JB, Westwood MA, Nair SV, Anderson LJ, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: Myocardial T2 * in patients with cardiac failure secondary to iron overload (abstract). Blood 2005; 106: 3838.
17. Tanner MA, He T, Westwood MA, Firmin DN, Pennell DJ, Thalassemia International Federation Heart T2 * Investigators: Multicenter validation of the transferability of the magnetic resonance T2 * technique for the quantification of tissue iron. Haematologica 2006; 91: 1388-1391.
18. Anderson LJ, Westwood MA, Prescott E, Walker JM, Pennell DJ, Wonke B: Development of thalassaemic iron overload cardiomyopathy despite low liver iron levels and meticulous compliance to desferrioxamine. Acta Haematol 2006; 115: 106-108.
19. Anderson LJ, Westwood MA, Holden S, Davis B, Prescott E, Wonke B, Porter JB, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: Myocardial iron clearance during reversal of siderotic cardiomyopathy with intravenous desferrioxamine: a prospective study using T2 * cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Br J Haematol 2004; 127: 348-355.
20. Tanner MA, Galanello R, Dessi C, Smith GC, Westwood MA, Agus A, Pibiri M, Nair SV, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: Combined chelation therapy in thalassemia major for the treatment of severe myocardial siderosis with left ventricular dysfunction. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2008; 10: 12.
21. Pennell DJ, Berdoukas V, Karagiorga M, Ladis V, Piga A, Aessopos A, Gotsis S, Tanner MA, Smith GC, Westwood MA, Wonke B, Galanello R: Randomized controlled trial of the effect of deferiprone or deferoxamine on myocardial iron and function in beta-thalassemia major. Blood 2006;107: 3738-3744.
22. Tanner MA, Galanello R, Dessi C, Smith GC, Westwood MA, Agus A, Roughton M, Assomull R, Nair SV, Walker JM, Pennell DJ: A randomized, placebo-controlled, doubleblind trial of the effect of combined therapy with deferoxamine and deferiprone on myocardial iron in thalassemia major using cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Circulation 2007; 115: 1876-1884.
23. Pennell DJ, Porter J, Cappellini MD, Chi- Kong L, Aydinok Y, Lee CL, Kattamis A, Smith GC, Habr D, Domokos G, Hmissi A, Taher A: Efficacy and safety of deferasirox (Exjade) in reducing cardiac iron in patients with beta-thalassemia major: results from the cardiac substudy of the EPIC trial (abstract). Blood 2008; 112: 3873.
24. Kirk P, Roughton M, Porter JB, Walker JM, Tanner MA, Patel J, Wu D, Taylor J, Westwood MA, Anderson LJ, Pennel DJ: Cardiac T2 * magnetic resonance for prediction of cardiac complications in thalassemia major (abstract). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2009; 11(suppl 1):O2.