Nonparametric discriminant HMM and application to facial expression recognition

2009 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2009

Volumn , Issue , 2009, Pages 2090-2096

  Shang, Lifeng ^a   Chan, Kwok Ping ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER VISION; MAXIMUM PRINCIPLE;

ADAPTIVE KERNELS; DISCRIMINATION ABILITY; EXPECTATION-MAXIMIZATION METHOD; FACIAL EXPRESSION RECOGNITION; GENERAL FORMULAS; NONPARAMETRIC HMMS; PROBABILITY ESTIMATION; REFERENCE VECTORS;

FACE RECOGNITION;

EID: 70450159420     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1109/CVPRW.2009.5206509     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (25)

1. Y. Altun, I. Tsochantaridis, and T. Hofmann. Hidden markov support vector machines. In Proc ICML, 1-8, 2003.
2. M.S. Bartlett, G. Littlewort, I. Fasel, and J.R. Movellan. Real time face detection and expression recognition: development and application to human-computer interaction. In CVPR Workshop on CVPR for HCI, 2003.
3. Y. Bengio, R. D. Mori, G. Flammia, and R. Kompe. Global optimization of a neural network-hidden markov model hybrid. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 3(2):252-259, Mar. 1992.
4. M. J. Black and Y. Yacoob. Recognizing facial expressions in image sequences using local parameterized models of image motion. International Journal of Computer Vision, 25(1):23- 48, 1997.
5. Y. Chang, C. Hu, and M. Turk. Probabilistic expression analysis on manifolds. In Proc IEEE CVPR, 520-527, June 2004.
6. I. Cohen, A. Garg, and T. Huang. Emotion recognition from facial expressions using multilevel HMM. In NIPS Workshop on Affective Computing, 2000.
7. T.F. Cootes, G.J. Edwards, and C.J. Taylor. Active appearance models. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(6):681-685, June 2001.
8. L. Couvreur and C. Couvreur. Wavelet-based method for nonparametric estimation of HMMs. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 7(2):1-3, Feb. 1999.
9. R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart and D. G. Stork. Pattern classification. John Wiley Interscience, Oct. 2001.
10. P. Ekman and R. Davidson. The nature of emotion: fundamental questions. Oxford University Press, New York, 1994.
11. P. Ekman and W.V. Friesen. Facial action coding system (FACS): manual. Palo Alto, Calif: Consulting Psychologists Press, 1978.
12. A. Elgammal, V. Shet, Y. Yacoob, and L.S. Davis. Learning dynamics for exemplar-based gesture recognition. In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 571-578, June 2003.
13. M. R. Gupta, R. M. Gray, and R. A. Olshen. Nonparametric supervised learning by linear interpolation with maximum entropy. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 28(5):766-781, May 2006.
14. E. T. Jaynes. On the rationale of maximum-entropy methods. Proceedings of the IEEE, 70(9):939-952, Sept. 1982.
15. H. Jiang, X. Li, and C. Liu. Large margin hidden markov models for speech recognition. IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, Lang. Process., 14(5): 1584-1595, Sep. 2006.
16. N. Jin and F. Mokhtarian. A non-parametric HMM learning method for shape dynamics with application to human motion recognition. In Proc IEEE ICPR, 29-32, 2006.
17. T. Kanade, J.F. Cohn, and Y. Tian. Comprehensive database for facial expression analysis. In Proceedings of Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, 46-53, 2000.
18. F. Lefevre. Non parametric probability estimation for HMMbased automatic speech recognition. Computer Speech and Language, 17(2-3):113-136, April-July 2003.
19. X. Li and H. Jiang. Solving large-margin midden markov model estimation via semidefinite programming. IEEE Trans. Audio, Speech, Lang. Process., 15(8): 2383-2392, Nov. 2007.
20. T. Otsuka and J. Ohya. Recognizing multiple persons' facial expressions using HMM based on automatic extraction of significant frames from image sequences. In Proc IEEE ICIP, 546-549, 1997.
21. L. R. Rabiner. A tutorial on hidden markov models and selected application in speech recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE, 77(2):257-286, Feb. 1989.
22. N. Thakoor and J. Gao. Shape classifier based on generalized probabilistic descent method with hidden Markov descriptor. In Proc IEEE ICCV, 495-502, Oct. 2005.
23. Y. Tian, T. Kanade, and J. Cohn. Recognizing action units for facial expression analysis. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 23(2):97-115, Feb. 2001.
24. E. Trentin and M. Gori. A survey of hybrid ANN/HMM models for automatic speech recognition. Neurocomputing, 37(1-4):91-126, April 2001.
25. M. Yeasin, B. Bullot, and R. Sharma. From facial expression to level of interest: a spatio-temporal approach. In Proc IEEE CVPR, 922-927, June 2004.