The black, brown, white and red blues: The beating of Clarence Clemons

Canadian Historical Review

Volumn 85, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 255-276

  Lambertson, Ross ^a  

^a CAMOSUN COLLEGE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70449954906     PISSN: 00083755     EISSN: 17101093     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3138/chr.85.4.755     Document Type: Review

References (69)

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4. Constance Backhouse, Colour-Coded: A Legal History of Racism in Canada, 1900-1950 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1999)
5. Irving Abella, 'Jews, Human Rights, and the Making of a New Canada,' Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 11 (2000): 3-15
6. Carmela Patrias and Ruth A. Frager, '"This is our country, these are our rights": Minorities and the Origins of Ontario's Human Rights Campaigns,' Canadian Historical Review 82 (March 2001): 1-35
7. Stephanie D. Bangarth, '"We are not asking you to open wide the gates for Chinese immigration": The Committee for the Repeal of the Chinese Immigration Act and Early Human Rights Activism in Canada,' Canadian Historical Review 84 (September 2003): 395-422
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9. 'Incrementalism and Human Rights Reform,' Journal of Canadian Studies 28, no. 3 (Fall 1993): 29-44
10. Ross Lambertson, '"The Dresden Story": Racism, Human Rights, and the Jewish Labour Committee of Canada,' Labour/Le Travail (Spring 2001): 43-82
11. Repression and Resistance: Canadian Human Rights Activists, 1930-1960 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004)
12. Janine Stingel, Social Discredit: Anti-Semitism, Social Credit, and the Jewish Response (Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2000)
13. James W. St. G. Walker, 'The "Jewish Phase" in the Movement for Racial Equality in Canada,' Canadian Journal of Ethnic Studies 34, no. 1 (2002): 1-29
14. Shirley Tillotson, 'Human Rights Law as Prism: Women's Organizations, Unions, and Ontario's Female Employees Fair Remuneration Act, 1951,' Canadian Historical Review 72, no. 4 (1991): 532-57
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18. Frank C. Clarke, 'Debilitating Divisions: The Civil Liberties Movement in Early Cold War Canada, 1946-48,' in Whose National Security? Canadian State Surveillance and the Creation of Enemies, eds., Gary Kinsman, Dieter K. Buse, and Mercedes Steedman (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2000), 171-87
19. Reg Whitaker and Gary Marcuse, Cold War Canada: The Making of a National Insecurity State, 1945-1957 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1994)
20. Paul Pross, Group Politics and Public Policy (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1986), 98
21. Crawford Kilian, Go Do Some Great Thing: The Black Pioneers of British Columbia (Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1978)
22. Robin W. Winks, The Blacks in Canada: A History (Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1971)
23. Constance Backhouse, "The Historical Construction of Racial Identity and Implications for Reconciliation' (paper presented to the Ethnocultural, Racial, Religious, and Linguistic Diversity and Identity Seminar, Halifax, 1-2 November 2001)
24. John McLaren, Robert Menzies, and Dorothy E. Chunn, eds., Regulating Lives: Historical Essays on the State, Society, the Individual, and the Law (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2002), especially 11, 13, 19, 304-5
25. 'Inquest on the Body of Clarence Clemons Held at the Vancouver Coroner's Court,' 6-7 January 1953, file B4840, 226-271, Ministry of the Attorney-General, Coroner's Department, BC Archives and Records Service (hereafter BCARS), Victoria, BC
26. Bruce Ramsey, 'Negroes Live Next Door,' Vancouver Sun, 19 July 1952
27. '"Whitewash" of Cops Feared in Clemens [sic] Probe,' Pacific Tribune, 17 Oct. 1952
28. 'Negro Held in Hospital; Beaten by City Cops,' Tribune, 8 Aug. 1952
29. 'Rough Police Arrests "Out,"' Province, 8 Aug. 1952
30. 'Clemens [sic] Probe Must Be Public,' 17 Oct. 1952
31. 'Dillane Sentenced to 18 Months: Russia Plans Propaganda Show,' Vancouver Province, 25 Jan, 1952
32. Ross Lambertson, 'Activists in the Age of Rights: The Struggle for Human Rights in Canada, 1945-1960' (doctoral dissertation, University of Victoria, 1998), 320-3
33. File 1, vol. 46, Jewish Labour Committee Papers (hereafter JLCP), MG28 V75, Library and Archives Canada (LAC)
34. Ross Lambertson, 'Activists in the Age of Rights,' and Jamie Disbrow, 'Exclusion by Due Process: Martin v. Law Society of British Columbia: A Cold War Eclipse of Civil Liberties' (master's thesis, University of Ottawa, 1996)
35. Donald George Anderson, 'The Development of Human Rights Protection in British Columbia' (master's thesis, University of Victoria, 1986)
36. File 17, vol. 45, JLCP, MG28 V75, LAC
37. file 9, vol. 46
38. Vancouver Labor Committee 'Report,' January 1953, file 19, vol. 45, JLCP, MG28 V75, LAC
39. Paul A. Phillips, No Power Greater: A Century of Labour in British Columbia (Vancouver: BC Federation of Labour, 1967), 143
40. Interview with Knute Buttedahl, 5 Sept. 1999; file 9, 103, vol. 20, Kalmen Kaplansky Papers (hereafter KKP), 'Notes,' 1950, MG30 A53, LAC
41. file 15, 66, vol. 20, 1953
42. 'Vancouver Civic Unity Council (1953-4 term),' file 1, vol. 46, JLC Papers
43. file 'Correspondence: 1952,' Minutes of VCUC General Meeting, 29 Sept. 1952, vol. 21, Halford Wilson Papers (hereafter HWP), Vancouver City Archives (hereafter VCA)
44. Minutes of CUC General Meeting, 29 Sept. 1952, file 'Correspondence: 1952,' vol. 21, HWP, VCA
45. Wing Chung Ng, The Chinese in Vancouver, 1945-80: The Pursuit of Identity and Power (Vancouver: UBC Press, 1999), 75-7
46. Buttedahl to the African Methodist Episcopal Church, 5 Aug. 1952, file 'Correspondence: 1952,' Minutes of CUC General Meeting, 29 Sept. 1952, vol. 21, HWP, VCA
47. Interview with Ernest King (first president of PNA), 1 Sept. 1999
48. Ann Gomer Sunahara, The Politics of Racism: The Uprooting of Japanese Canadians During the Second World War (Toronto: James Lorimer, 1981), 10, 15-16, 24, 30-1, 34-5
49. Blum to Maxwell, 13 May 1958, file 19, vol. 42, JLCP, MG28 V75, LAC
50. Report to Kaplansky, 29 May 1950, file 17, vol. 13, JLCP, MG28 V75, LAC
51. 'Labor Delegate Forced to Retract,' Sun, 10 Sept. 1952
52. Minutes of Regular Meeting of the Board of Police Commissioners, 10 Oct. 1952, file 1, 366-7, Vancouver (BC) Board of Police Commissioners, Board of Police Commissioners fonds, minutes, Aug. 18, 1950 to May 14, 1953 - 136-A-I, Series 180, VCA
53. file 15, 6-7 vol. 20, 'Notes,' 1953, KKP, MG30 A53, LAC
54. An Act Respecting Coroners, RSBC, 1948, chap. 70, s. 7(1)
55. Canadian Jewish Congress, Pathways to the Present: Canadian Jewry and the Canadian Jewish Congress (Toronto: Canadian Jewish Congress, 1986), 92; interview with Nathan Nemetz, 19 Apr. 1995
56. Nemetz obituary, Globe and Mail, 23 Dec. 1997
57. David Mitchell, W.A.C.: Bennett and the Rise of British Columbia (Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1983), chap. 5 and 6
58. Buttedahl interview; 'Notes,' file 15, 6-13, vol. 20, 1950, KKP, MG30 A53, LAC
59. '1946 Injury Killed Clemons, Jury Decided after 15 Hours,' Province, 7 Jan. 1953
60. 'Public Crowded out of Clemens [sic] Inquest,' Tribune, 9 Jan. 1953
61. 'Old Injury Led to Death of Dockworker, Jury Rules,' Sun, 7 Jan. 1953
62. Buttedahl to Kaplansky, 7 Jan. 1953, file 19, vol. 45, JLC Papers
63. Interviews with Thelma MacDonald (Curtis's daughter), 8 Sept. 1999 and 5 Feb. 2000
64. interview by Sara Diamond with Janet Judd (Curtis's later married name), tape 3591-1, Women's Labour History Project (1979), BCARS
65. Janet Curtis, '"End Jim Crow,"' Tribune, 15 Aug. 1952
66. Interview with Emmitt Holmes, 1 Sept. 1999
67. Vancouver Labor Committee Report, Aug. 1953
68. File 15, 10, vol. 20, 'Notes,' 1953, KKP, MG30 A53, LAC
69. 'Unnecessary "Protection,"' Victoria Daily Colonist, 1 Mar. 1956