Images of barbaric Spain in eighteenth-century British travel writing

Studies in Eighteenth Century Culture

Volumn 37, Issue , 2008, Pages 119-143

  Hontanilla, Ana ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 70449854178     PISSN: 03602370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/sec.0.0029     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. and Peter Hulme and Tim Young, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), 8
2. Norbert Elias, The Civilizing Process, trans. Edmund Jephcott, 2 vols. (New York: Urizen, 1978), 1:5
3. David Spurr, The Rhetoric of Empire: Colonial Discourse in Journalism, Travel Writing, and Imperial Administration (Durham: Duke University Press, 1993), 1-12
4. Elizabethan expansionism adopted the Spaniards' logic for exploration and conquest, and made its initial claim to legitimacy in the name of the duty to convert the pagans to the faith. See Anthony Pagden, Lords of All the World: Ideologies of Empire in Spain, Britain and France c.1500-c.1800 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995), 36-37
5. James Buzard, "The Grand Tour and After (1660-1840)," in The Cambridge Companion to Travel Writing, ed. Peter Hulme and Tim Young (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002): 37-52, 41
6. Jeremy Black, The British Abroad: The Grand Tour in the Eighteenth Century (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1992), 76-77
7. John Lynch, Bourbon Spain, 1700-1808 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989), 131-32
8. The Polite Traveler: Being a Modern View of Part of Italy, Spain, Portugal and Africa (London, 1783), 92
9. John Armstrong, Letters from Minorca; Describing the Constitution, Government, Produce, Antiquities, and Natural History, of that Island (Dublin, 1782), v, vi
10. Armstrong, Letters, vii
11. Christopher Hervey, Letters from Portugal, Spain, Italy and Germany, in the Years 1759, 1760 and 1761, 3 vols. (London, 1785), 1:259
12. Armstrong, Letters, 99-100
13. Mary Kingsley, West African Studies (London: Macmillan, 1899), 612-25
14. and David Simpson, Fetishism and Imagination: Dickens, Melville, Conrad (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982), 29
15. Quoted in Tzvetan Todorov, The Conquest of America, trans. Richard Howard (New York: Harper and Row, 1984), 38
16. See Raymond Williams, Culture and Society: 1780-1950 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983), xviii-xix
17. Clarke, Letters, 252
18. Jeremy Black, Natural and Necessary Enemies: Anglo-French Relations in the Eighteenth Century (Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 1987), 2
19. See José Cadalso, Cartas marruecas (Madrid: Cátedra, 1995), 185-86
20. Juan Sempere y Guarinos, Historia del lujo y de las leyes suntuarias de España [History of Luxury and Sumptuary Laws of Spain], 2 vols. (Madrid, 1788), 2:85
21. Melchor de Macanaz quoted in Bitar, Los economistas españoles, 159. Contemporary historians who have studied the economic dependency of eighteenth-century Spanish and Spanish American markets upon international imports are José Ignacio Fortea Pérez, "The Textile Industry in the Economy of Cordoba at the End of the Seventeenth and the Start of the Eighteenth Centuries: a Frustrated Recovery," The Castilian Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, eds. I.A.A. Thompson and Bartolomé Yun Casakilla (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 136-67
22. Joaquim Nadal Farreras, Comercio exterior y subdesarrollo: España y Gran Bretaña de 1777-1914: politico económica y relaciones comerciales [Foreign Commerce and Underdevelopment: Spain and Great Britain from 1777-1914: Political Economy and Commercial Relations] (Madrid: Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, 1978)
23. A Trip to Spain: or, a True Description of the Comical Humours, Ridiculous Customs, and Foolish Laws, of that Lazy Improvident People the Spaniards (London, 1705), 9
24. Officer, A Trip to Spain, 12
25. Marie-Catherine d' Aulnoy, The Ingenious and Diverting Letters of the Lady's Travels into Spain. Being the Truest and Best Remarks Extant on that Court and Country (London, 1706), 264
26. Armstrong, Letters, 202, 212
27. William Dalrymple, Travels Through Spain and Portugal, in 1774
28. Dalrymple, Travels, 49
29. Alexander Jardine, Letters from Barbary, France, Spain, Portugal. By an English Officer, 2 vols. (London, 1788), 2:58
30. Pieter de Marées, Description and Historical Account of the Gold Kingdom of Guinea, trans. Albert van Dantzing and Adam Jones (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987), 36
31. Willem Bosnian, A New Accurate Description of the Coast of Guinea (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1967), 154
32. See Charles de Brosses, Du culte des dieux fétiches ou parallèle de l'ancienne religion de l'Egypte avec la religion actuelle de la Negritie (Paris: Fayard, 1989)
33. M.A. Baker, The History of the Inquisition, as It Subsists in the Kingdoms of Spain, Portugal, & c. (London, 1734)
34. Bernard Picart, The Ceremonies and Religious Customs of the Various Nations of the Known World, 7 vols. (London, 1733-39)
35. Anonymous, A General History of the Proceedings and Cruelties, of the Court of Inquisition; in Spain, Portugal (London, 1737)
36. Anonymous, A Short View; or History of the Inquisition of the Kingdoms of Spain, Portugal, &c. To this Day (London, 1739)
37. Baker, The History of the Inquisition, vi-vii
38. See Isaac Martin, The Tryal and Sufferings of Mr. Isaac Martin, Who Was Put into the Inquisition in Spain, for the Sake of the Protestant Religion. Written by Himself, and Dedicated to His Most Sacred Majesty King George, by Whose Gracious Interposition He Was Releas'd (London, 1724)
39. John Marchant, The Bloody Tribunal: or, an Antidote Against Popery. Being a Review of the Horrid Cruelties of the Inquisition, as Practised in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and the East and West-Indies (London, 1756), 1
40. Anonymous, The Loyal Martyrs: or, the Bloody Inquisitor. Being a Just Account of the Inhuman Barbarities Used in the Inquisition of Spain (Worcester, 1775?)
41. History of the Inquisition, as it Existed in the Kingdoms of Spain, Portugal and in Both the Indies (Dublin, 1789), 62-78
42. See Jonathan Israel, "Spinoza, Locke and the Enlightenment Battle for Toleration," in Toleration in Enlightenment Europe, ed. Ole Peter Grell and Roy Porter (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 102-13
43. Clarke, Letters, vii
44. Clarke, Letters, vi
45. See Franz Bosbach, "The European Debate on Universal Monarchy," in Theories of Empire, 1450-1800, 20: 81-98
46. See Anthony Padgen, Spanish Imperialism and the Political Imagination (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990), 13-36
47. Henry Swinburne, Travels Through Spain, in the Years 1775 and 1776 (London, 1779), 369-70
48. Spun, The Rhetoric of Empire, 76
49. Hervey, Letters, 259-60
50. Quoted in Paul Preston and Denis Smyth, Spain, the EEC and NATO (London and Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1984), 24
51. Quoted in Raymond Carr, Spain, 1808-1975 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982), 105
52. Américo Castro, The Spaniards: An Introduction to Their History (Berkeley: University California Press, 1971), 563
53. Joaquín Costa, Reconstitución y europeización de España y otros escritos (Madrid: Instituto Estudios Administración Local, 1981), xxvii
54. Preston, Spain, 27