The state of the castle: An overview of recent trends in state castle doctrine legislation and public policy

Criminal Justice Review

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 515-535

  Boots, Denise Paquette ^a   Bihari, Jayshree ^a   Elliott, Euel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Castle doctrine; Crime control; Gun laws; Gun rights; Second Amendment

Indexed keywords

EID: 70449835013     PISSN: 07340168     EISSN: 15563839     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0734016809332095     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Alberty v. United States, 162 U.S. 499 (1896).
2. Allen v. United States, 150 U.S. 551 (1893).
3. Alvarez, A., & Bachman, R. (2008). Violence: The enduring problem. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
4. Askew v. State, 94 Ala. 4; 10 So. 567 (1891).
5. Bean v. State, 25 Tex. Ct. App. 346 (1888).
6. Beard v. United States, 158 U.S. 550 (1895).
7. Brown, R.M. (1975). Strain of violence: Historical studies of American violence and vigilantism. New York: Oxford University Press.
8. Brown, R.M. (1991). No duty to retreat: Violence and values in American history and society. New York: Oxford University Press.
9. Brown v. State, 256 U.S. 335 (1921).
10. Cannon v. State, 464 So. 2d 149 (1985).
11. Casenote. (1904). Homicide. Self-defense. Necessity of retreat. Yale Law Journal, 13, 398-399.
12. Catalano, S.M. (2006). Criminal victimization, 2005. Retrieved January 24, 2007, from http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/cv05.pdf.
13. Catalfamo, C. (2007). Stand your ground: Florida's Castle Doctrine for the twenty-first century. Rutgers Journal of Law & Public Policy, 4, 504-545.
14. Celinska, K. (2007). Individualism and collectivism in America: The case of gun ownership and attitudes toward gun control. Sociological Perspectives, 50, 229-247.
15. Ceron, A.X. (2008, July 30). Port St. Lucie homeowner shoots would-be intruder. Palm Beach Post, p. 1B.
16. Commonwealth v. Drum, 58 Pa. 9 (1868).
17. Cornell, S., & DeDino, N. (2004). Historical perspective: A well regulated right: The early American origins of gun control. Fordham Law Review, 73, 487-528.
18. Creek v. State, 24 Ind. 151 (1865).
19. Crowe, R. (2008a, September 7). Another intruder shot by homeowner. San Antonio Express-News, p. 1B.
20. Crowe, R. (2008b, July 2). Texas gun law: Right to shoot intruders: Castle doctrine arms homeowners. San Antonio Express-News, p. 1B.
21. Curtis, L. A. (1985) (Ed.). American violence and public policy: An update of the national commission on the causes and prevention of violence. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
22. District of Columbia v. Heller, 2008 U.S. Lexis 5268 (2008).
23. Eller, J.D. (2006). Violence and culture: A cross-cultural and interdisciplinary approach. Belmont, CA: Thomson/ Wadsworth.
24. Falkenberg, L. (2008, July 1). Burden of truth lies with Horn. Houston Chronicle, p. 1B.
25. Florida House Bill 249, 107th Legislative Session.(n.d.). Retrieved January 21, 2008, from http://www. myfloridahouse.gov/Sections/Bills/billsdetail.aspx?BillId=15738&SessionId=38.
26. Florida State University Law Review. (2005). Recent development: Florida legislation-The controversy over Florida's new Stand Your Ground law. Florida State University Law Review, 33, 351-356.
27. Formby, B. (2006, October 13). Bill to seek castle doctrine crime protection. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved January 22, 2008, from http://dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-castle_13wes.ART0.North.Ed.
28. Foster v. Territory of Arizona, 6 Ariz. 240 (1899).
29. Gallup's pulse of democracy: Gun laws. (2008). Retrieved September 23, 2008, from http://www.gallup.com/poll/1645/Guns.aspx?.
30. Grigsby v. Commonwealth, 151 Ky. 496 (1913).
31. Hagan, F.E. (2003). Research methods in criminal justice and criminology. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
32. Harrison v. State, 24 Ala. 67 (1854).
33. Heide, K.M., Boots, D.P., Alldredge, C., Donerly, B., & White, J.R. (2005) Battered child syndrome: An overview of case law and legislation. Criminal Law Bulletin, 41, 219-239.
34. Jacobs, J.B. (2002). Can gun control work? New York: Oxford University Press.
35. Jones, J.M. (2008). Americans in agreement with Supreme Court on gun rights. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from http://www.gallup.com/poll/108394/Americans-Agreement-Supreme-Court-Gun-Rights.aspx?version=print.
36. Jones v. State, 76 Ala. 8 (1884).
37. Joyner, C. (2007, November 5). Advocates: Castle doctrine puts power in victims' hands. Clarion-Ledger, p. 1A.
38. Keller, L. (2008, May 13). Jury must decide if killing was provoked. Palm Beach Post, p. 3B.
39. Knight, P. (2008, September 3). Strong majority of votes disagree with Barack Obama on Second Amendment and self defense issues. PR Newswire. Retrieved September 10, 2008, from http://www.prnewswire.com.
40. Kohn, A.A. (2004). Shooters: Myths and realities of America's gun cultures. New York: Oxford University Press.
41. Lindgren, J., & Heather, J.L. (2002). Counting guns in early America. William and Mary Law Review, 43, 1777-1842.
42. Lipset, S. (1990). Continental divide: The values and institutions of the United States and Canada. New York: Routledge.
43. Loftin, C., & Hill, R.H. (1974). Regional subculture and homicide: An examination of the Gastil-Hackney Thesis. American Sociological Review, 39, 714-724.
44. Michael, D. (2006). Florida's protection of persons bill. Harvard Journal on Legislation, 43, 199-212.
45. National Rifle Association. (2008). Retrieved December 18, 2008, from http://www.nraila.org/Search/?keyword=CASTLE%20DOCTRINE.
46. National Rifle Association Institute for Legislative Action. (2008). NRA files second amendment lawsuits In Illinois and California following Supreme Court Ruling. Retrieved July 8, 2008, from http://www.nraila.org/Legislation/Federal/Read.aspx?id=4053.
47. Newton, G.D., & Zimring, F.E. (1969). Firearms and violence in American life: A staff report to the national commission on the causes and prevention of violence. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
48. Neyland, J.P. (2008). A man's car is his castle: The expansion of Texas' Castle Doctrine eliminating the duty to retreat in areas outside the home. Baylor Law Review, 60, 719-748.
49. Niquette, M. (2008, June 11). Self-defense law will start in November. The Columbus Dispatch, p. 03B.
50. Olivares, K.M., Burton, V.S., & Cullen, F.T. (1996). The collateral consequences of a felony conviction: A national study of state legal codes 10 years later. Federal Probation, 60(3), 10-19.
51. Parker v. District of Columbia, 375 U.S. App. D.C. 140 (2007).
52. Pedhazur, E.J., & Schmelkin, L.P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
53. People v. Tomlins, 213 N.Y. 240 (1914).
54. Pierson v. State, 12 Ala. 149 (1847).
55. Reiss, A. J., & Roth, J. A. (Eds.). (1993). Understanding and preventing violence. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
56. Rosenberg, M.L., & Mercy, J.A. (1991). Assaultive violence. In M. L. Rosenberg & M. A. Fenley (Eds.), Violence in America: A public health approach (pp. 14-50). New York: Oxford University Press.
57. Roger v. State, 670 So. 2d 160 (1996).
58. Rogers, B., Rendon, R., Lezon, D., & Latson, J. (2008, July 1). The Joe Horn decision: The case concludes. The Houston Chronicle, p. 1A.
59. Runyan v. State, 57 Ind. 80 (1877).
60. Self-defense was no defense in stabbing death (2007, November 14). Dallas Morning News. Retrieved February 3, 2009, from http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/crime/stories/DN-ujday4sider3_14pro.ART.State.Edition1.d67c46.html.
61. Smith, T.W. (2002). Public opinion about gun policies. The Future of Children, 12, 155-163.
62. State v. Castle, 133 N.C. 769 (1903).
63. State v. Gardner, 104 N.W. 971 (1905).
64. State v. McCracken, 22 N.M. 588 (1917).
65. State v. Metcalfe, 206 N.W. 620 (1925).
66. Stephens, R. (2008). Life and liberty: Seven factors that will better evaluate self-defense in Nevada's common law on retreat. Nevada Law Journal, 8, 649-671.
67. Thompson, S. (2008, January 20). Drivers now allowed to be armed, but critics see potential for abuse. The Dallas Morning News, pp. 1A, 24A-25A.
68. Turner, M.G., Sundt, J.L., Applegate, B.K., & Cullen, F.T. (1995). Three strikes and you're out legislation: A national assessment. Federal Probation, 59(3), 16-37.
69. Tweedy v. State, 5 Iowa 433 (1857).
70. Unis v. State, 717 So. 2d 581 (1998).
71. United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939).
72. U.S. Department of Justice. (2008). Expanded homicide data: Justified homicide by weapon, private citizen, 2003-2007. Retrieved September 25, 2008, from http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2007/offenses/expanded_information/data/shrtable_14.html.
73. Watts v. State, 177 Ala. 24 (1912).
74. Weiand v. State, 732 So. 2d 1044 (1999).
75. Wright, J.D., Rossi, P.H., & Daly, K. (1983). Under the gun: Weapons, crime, and violence in America. New York: Aldine.
76. Young, M.E. (2008a, January 20). NRA, Brady Campaign in passionate fight over gun rights. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved January 22, 2008, from http://www.dallasnews.com/content/dws/news/texassouthwest/stories/DN0nrabrady_20met.ART.
77. Young, M.E. (2008b, January 20). Some worry new castle law will make people quicker on trigger. The Dallas Morning News, pp. 1A, 24A-25A.