Patent life of antiretroviral drugs approved in the US from 1987 to 2007

AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 760-768

  Rodriguez Monguio, Rosa ^a   Seoane Vazquez, Enrique ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

^b OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiretroviral drugs; FDA; New molecular entities; Patents; Trade related intellectual property rights

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; AGENTS INTERACTING WITH TRANSMITTER, HORMONE OR DRUG RECEPTORS; AMPRENAVIR; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; ATAZANAVIR; CARDIOVASCULAR AGENT; DARUNAVIR; DELAVIRDINE; DIDANOSINE; EFAVIRENZ; EMTRICITABINE; ENFUVIRTIDE; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; MARAVIROC; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; RALTEGRAVIR; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; TIPRANAVIR; UNINDEXED DRUG; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CHI SQUARE TEST; DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG MARKETING; FISHER EXACT TEST; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; HUMAN; PATENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STUDENT T TEST; UNITED STATES;

ANTI-RETROVIRAL AGENTS; DRUG APPROVAL; LEGISLATION, DRUG; PATENTS AS TOPIC; TIME FACTORS; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION;

EID: 70449688310     PISSN: 09540121     EISSN: 13600451     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09540120802511950     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Attaran, A. (2004). How do patents and economic policies affect access to essential medicines in developing countries? Health Affairs, 23(3), 155-166.
2. Attaran, A., & Gillespie-White, L. (2001). Do patents for antiretroviral drugs constrain access to AIDS treatment in Africa? Journal of the American Medical Association, 286, 1886-1892.
3. Brugha, R. (2003). Antiretroviral treatment in developing countries: the peril of neglecting private providers. British Medical Journal, 326, 1382-1384.
4. Caves, R.E., Whinston, M.D., Hurwitz, M.A., Pakes, A., & Temin, P. (1991). Patent expiration, entry, and competition in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Microeconomics, 1991, 1-66.
5. Creese, A., Floyd, K., Alban, A., & Guinness, L. (2002). Cost-effectiveness of HIV/AIDS interventions in Africa: a systematic review of the evidence. Lancet, 359, 1635-1643.
6. Eisenberg, R.S. (2001). The shifting functional balance of patents and drug regulation. Health Affairs, 19(4), 119-135.
7. Eisman, M.M., & Wardell, W.M. (1981). The decline in effective patent life of new drugs. Research Management, 21(1), 18-21.
8. Ford, N., Wilson, D., Costa Chaves, G., Lotrowska, M., & Kijtiwatchakul, K. (2007). Sustaining access to antiretroviral therapy in the less-developed world: lessons from Brazil and Thailand. AIDS, 21(Suppl. 4), S21-S29.
9. Grabowski, H.G., & Vernon, J.M. (1996). Longer patents for increased generic competition in the US. The Waxman-Hatch Act after one decade. Pharmacoeconomics, 10(2), 110-123.
10. Grabowski, H.G., & Vernon, J.M. (2000). Effective patent life in pharmaceuticals. International Journal of Technology Management, 19(1/2), 98-120.
11. Griliches, Z., & Cockburn, I. (1994). Generics and new goods in pharmaceutical price indexes. American Economic Review, 84(5), 1213-1233.
12. Kates, J., Sorian, R., Crowley, J.S., & Summers, T.A. (2002). Critical policy challenges in the third decade of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 1060-1063.
13. Kesselheim, A.S. (2007). Intellectual property policy in the pharmaceutical sciences: The effect of inappropriate patents and market exclusivity extensions on the health care system. The AAPS Journal, 9(3), E306-E311.
14. Kober, K., & Van Damme, W. (2004). Scaling up access to antiretroviral treatment in southern Africa: Who will do the job? Lancet, 364, 103-107.
15. Mansfield, E. (1986). Patents and innovation: An empirical study. Management Science, 32, 173-181.
16. Nordhaus, W.D. (1969). Invention growth, and economic welfare; a theoretical treatment of technological change. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
17. Seoane-Vazquez, E., & Rodriguez-Monguio, R. (2007). Negotiating antiretroviral drug prices: The experience of the Andean countries. Health Policy and Planning, 22(2), 63-72.
18. Seoane-Vazquez, E., Schondelmeyer, S.W., & Szeinbach, S.L. (2008). Drug patent life and generic composition: Analysis of the new molecular entities approved by the FDAbetween 1980 and 1999. Journal of Pharmaceutical Finance, Economics & Policy, 16(4): 67-85.
19. Wainberg, M.A. (2005). Generic HIV drugs: Enlightened policy for global health. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(8), 747-750.