The gender pension gap: Effects of norms and reform policies

Pension Reform in Europe: Politics, Policies and Outcomes

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 175-195

  Frericks, Patricia ^a   Maier, Robert ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70449490596     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203945681     Document Type: Chapter

References (55)

1. Abrahamson, P. and Wehner, C. (2003) Pension reforms in Denmark, London: LSE, Hellenic Observatory European Institute London School of Economics and Political Science.
2. Anderson, K. (2005) 'Pension reform in Sweden: radical reform in a mature pension system', in G. Bonoli and T. Shinkawa (eds) Ageing and pension reform around the world, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, pp. 94-115.
3. ASIB (2001) 'Alterssicherungsbericht' (Drucksache 14/7640), Bonn: Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Sozialordnung.
4. Bleijenbergh, I. (2004) Citizens who care: European social citizenship in EU-debates on childcare and part-time work, Amsterdam: Dutch University Press.
5. Bonoli, G., George, V. and Taylor-Gooby, P. (eds) (2000) European welfare futures. Towards a theory of retrenchment, Cambridge: Polity Press.
6. Born, C. (2003) 'Changes in family roles and arrangements between generations: an indicator for the modernization of gender relations?', in W.H. Heinz and V.W. Marshall (eds) Social dynamics of the life course, New York: De Gruyter, pp. 279-298.
7. Buchmann, M., Kriesi, I., Pfeifer, A. and Sacchi, S. (2003) 'Dynamics of women's employment careers: labor-market opportunities and women's labor-market exit and reentry', in W.H. Heinz and V.W. Marshall (eds) Social dynamics of the life course, New York: De Gruyter, pp. 117-142.
8. Cox, R.H. (2000) 'Liberalising trends in welfare reform: inside the Dutch miracle', Policy and Politics, 28,1: 19-32.
9. CPB (2004) Effecten wetsvoorstel VUT/prepension/levensloop, Den Haag: Centraal Planbureau.
10. CPB (2005) Naar een toekomstbestendig stelsel voor arbeidsmarkt en sociale zekerheid, Vol. 2005/7, Den Haag: Centraal Planbureau.
11. Debacker, M., De Lathouwer, L. and Bogaerts, K. (2004) 'Time credit and leave schemes in the Belgian welfare state', paper presented at TLM.net Conference, 25-26 November, Amsterdam (www.siswo.uva.nl/tlm).
12. Dingeldey, I. (2001) 'European tax systems and their impact on family employment patterns', Journal of Social Policy, 30,4: 653-672.
13. Drew, E. (2005) Parental leave in Council of Europe member states, Strasbourg: Directorate of Human Rights (www.coe.int/equality).
14. DRV45 (2003) Rentenversicherungen im internationalen Vergleich, Verband Deutscher Versichungsträger, DRV-Schriften Vol. 45. Frankfurt/M: Deutsche Rentenversicherung.
15. EC-Report (2003a) 'Adequate and sustainable pensions. Joint report by the Commission and the Council', No. 7165/03, ECOFIN 76, SOC 115, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities (europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/soc-prot/pensions/2003jpr_en.pdf).
16. EC-Report (2003b) 'Annual report on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men in the European Union 2002', 5.3.2003, COM (2003)98 final, Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
17. EC (2005) Lignes directrices intégrées pour la croissance et l'emploi (2005-2008), 12.4.2005, COM (2005) 141 final, 2005/0057 (CNS), Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
18. Eurostat (2002) The life of women and men in Europe. A statistical portrait, Luxembourg (epp.eurostat.cec.eu.int/cache/ITY_OFFPUB/KS-43-02-680/ EN/KS-43-02-680-EN.PDF).
19. Esping-Andersen, G. (2002) 'A new gender contract' in G. Esping-Andersen (ed.) Why we need a new welfare state, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 68-95.
20. Farkas, J.I. and O'Rand, A.M. (1998) 'The pension mix for women in middle and late life: the changing employment relationship', Social Forces 76: 1007-1032.
21. Fux, B. (2002) 'Which models of the family are encouraged or discouraged by different family policies?' in F.X. Kaufmann, A. Kuijsten, J.J. Schulze and K.P. Strohmeier (eds) Family life and family policies in Europe, Volume 2: problems and issues in comparative perspective, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 636-418.
22. Jaumotte, F. (2003) 'Female labour force participation: past trends and main determinants in OECD countries', OECD Economics Department Working Papers No. 376, Paris: OECD.
23. Ginn, J. (2004) 'European pension privatisation: taking account of gender', Social Policy and Society, 3,2: 121-132.
24. Harvey, M. and Randles, S. (2003) 'Market exchanges and "instituted economic process": an analytical perspective', Revue d'Economie Industrielle 101: 11-30.
25. Herderscheê, G. (2004) 'Het pensioenreglement is oneerlijk', De Volkskrant, 7 January 2004.
26. KAS (2004) 'Veranstaltungsberichte: politik für familie a la francaise. Was können wir von unseren Nachbarn lernen?' 26 März 2004. Sankt Augustin: Konrad Adenauer Stiftung.
27. Keuzekamp, S., Breedveld, K., Hoff, S., Oudejans, A., Portegijs, W., Soede, A. and Wildeboer Schut, J.M. (2004) 'Een EER voor de levensloopregeling', Den Haag: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
28. Kohli, Martin (1986) 'Social organization and subjective construction of the life course', in Aage B. Sörensen, F.E. Weinert and L.R. Sherrod (eds) Human development and the life course: multidisciplinary perspectives, Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 271-292.
29. Krüger, H. (2003) 'The life course regime: ambiguities between interrelatedness and individualization', in W.H. Heinz and V.W. Marshall (eds) Social dynamics of the life course, New York: De Gruyter, pp. 33-56.
30. Laslett, P. (1996) A fresh map of life: the emergence of the Third Age, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
31. Lassnigg, L. (2005) 'Livelong learning, school to work and labour market transitions'. TLM.net Working Paper No. 2005-06, Amsterdam: SISWO (www.siswo.uva.nl/tlm/).
32. Leitner, S. (2001) 'Sex and gender discrimination within EU pension systems', Journal of European Social Policy 11 (2): 99-115.
33. Lewis, J. and Guillari, S. (2005) 'The adult worker model family, gender equality and care: the search for new policy principles and the possibilities and problems of a capabilities approach', Economy and Society, 34,1: 76-104.
34. Marshall, V. and Mueller, M. (2002) 'Rethinking social policy for an aging workforce and society: insights from the life course perspective', CPRN Discussion Paper No. W/18, Ottawa: CPRN.
35. Mayer, K. and Hillmert, S. (2003) 'New ways of life or old rigidities? Changes in Social structures and life courses and their political impacts', Western European Politics, 26,4: 79-100.
36. MinSZW (2002) 'Verkenning levensloop', Den Haag: Ministerie voor Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid.
37. Missoc (2004) 'Social protection in the Member States of the European Union, of the European Economic Area and in Switzerland', Brussels: European Commission (europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/missoc/missoc2004_en.pdf).
38. Moen, P. (2003) 'Linked lives: Dual careers, gender, and the contingent life course', in W.H. Heinz and V.W. Marshall (eds) Social dynamics of the life course, New York: De Gruyter, pp. 237-258.
39. Moen, P. and Sweet, S. (2004) 'From "work-family" to "flexible careers". A life course reframing', Community, Work and Family, 7,2: 209-226.
40. National Strategy Papers (2002), European Commission, Employment and Social Affairs, Social Protection at europa.eu.int/comm/employment_social/soc-prot/pensions/index_en.htm (accessed 4 February 2006).
41. Nelissen, J.H.M. (2001) 'The gender neutrality of the Dutch occupational pension system', OSA Working Paper No. 1, Tilburg: Organisatie voor Strategisch Arbeitsmarktonderzoek, Institute for Labour Studies.
42. Nicoletti, C. and Peracchi, F (2003) 'Aging in Europe: a cross-country comparison', in O.Castellino and E. Fornero (eds) Pension policy in an integrating Europe, Chelterham: Edward Elgar, pp. 23-84.
43. OECD (2002) Employment outlook, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
44. OECD (2004) Education at a Glance, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
45. OECD (2005) Extending opportunities. How active social policy can benefit us all, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
46. Sainsbury, D. (1999) 'Taxation, family responsibilities, and employment', in D. Sainsbury (ed.) Gender and welfare state regime, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 185-209.
47. Sainsbury, D. (2001) 'Gendering dimensions of welfare states', in J. Fink, G. Lewis and J. Clarke (eds) Rethinking European welfare. Transformations of Europe and social policy, London: Sage Publications, pp. 115-129.
48. Sarfati, H. (2003) 'Gender, discontinued careers and low activity rates - the challenges and responses in a long life society', paper presented at the 4th International Research Conference on Social Security, Antwerp, 5-7 May 2003.
49. Schmid, G. (2004) 'Social risk management through transitional labour markets', paper presented at the TLM.net Conference, Budapest, 19-20 May 2004 (www.siswo.uva.nl/tlm/confbuda/papers/papers.htm).
50. Schokkaert, E. and Van Parijs, P. (2003) 'Debate on social justice and pension reform', Journal of European Social Policy, 13,3: 245-279.
51. Statistisches Bundesamt (2001) Tageseinrichtungen für Kinder, Fachserie 13, Reihe 6.3.1, Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt.
52. Statistisches Bundesamt (2004) Statistiken der Kinder und Jugendhilfe, Tageseinrichtungen für Kinder am 31.12.2002. Revidierte Ergebnisse November 2004, Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt.
53. Veil, M. (2002) Alterssicherung von Frauen in Deutschland und Frankreich. Reformperspektiven und Reformblockaden, Vol. 41, Düsseldorf: Hans-Boeckler-Stiftung.
54. Veil, M. (2004) Frankreich. Erklärt die gesellschaftliche Verankerung französischer Familienpolitik die steigenden Geburtenraten und die hohe Müttererwerbstätigkeit? KAS-AI (Konrad Adenauer Stiftung-Auslandsinformation), 1/2004, 4-25.
55. Wehner, C. and Abrahamson, P. (2003) Welfare policies in the context of family change. Policy. The Case of Denmark, York: SPRU, University of York.