Transgender people in Australia and New Zealand: Health, well-being and access to health services

Feminism and Psychology

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 475-495

  Pitts, Marian K ^a   Couch, Murray ^a   Mulcare, Hunter ^b   Croy, Samantha ^a   Mitchell, Anne ^a  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b Turning Point Alcohol Drug Ctr Inc   (Australia)

Author keywords

Depression; Health service use; Recognition; Self reported health; Trans

Indexed keywords

EID: 70449441205     PISSN: 09593535     EISSN: 14617161     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0959353509342771     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. ABS (1995) National Health Survey: SF-36 Population Norms (4399.0). Canberra: ABS.
2. ABS (2006) National Health Survey: Summary of Results (4364.0). Canberra: ABS.
3. Barrett, J. (1998) Psychological and Social Function Before and After Phalloplasty, International Journal of Transgenderism 2(1), accessed 13 July 2009. Available: http://www.symposion.com/ijt/ijtc0301.htm.
4. Bernstein, M. (2005) Identity Politics, Annual Review of Sociology 31: 47-74.
5. Broad, K.L. (2008) GLB+T?: Gender/Sexuality Movements and Transgender Collective Identity (De)Constructions, International Journal of Sexuality and Gender Studies 7(4): 241-64.
6. Butterworth, P. and Crosier, T. (2004) The Validity of the SF-36 in an Australian National Household Survey: Demonstrating the Applicability of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to Examination of Health Inequalities, BMC Public Health 4(44), accessed 13 July 2009. Available: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/4/44.
7. Clarke, V. and Peel, E. (2007) From Lesbian and Gay Psychology to LGBTQ Psychologies: A Journey into the Unknown (or Unknowable)?, in V. Clarke and E. Peel (eds) Out in Psychology: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Gay, Trans and Queer Perspectives, pp. 10-35. Chichester: Wiley.
8. Clements-Nolle, K., Marx, R., Guzman, R. and Katz, M. (2001) 'HIV Prevalence, Risk Behaviors, Health Care Use, and Mental Health Status of Transgender Persons: Implications for Public Health Intervention', American Journal of Public Health 91(6): 915-21.
9. Clements-Nolle, K., Marx, R. and Katz, M. (2006) Attempted Suicide among Transgender Persons: The Influence of Gender-based Discrimination and Victimization, Journal of Homosexuality 51(3): 53-69.
10. Cole, C.M., O'Boyle, M., Emory, L.E. and Meyer, W.J. (1997) Comorbidity of Gender Dysphoria and other Major Psychiatric Diagnoses, Archives of Sexual Behavior 26(1): 13-26.
11. Couch, M., Pitts, M., Mulcare, H., Croy, S., Mitchell, A. and Patel, S. (2007) TranZnation: A Report on the Health and Wellbeing of Transgender People in Australia and New Zealand. Melbourne: Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society.
12. De Cuypere, G., T'Sjoen, G., Beerten, R., Selvaggi, G., De Sutter, P., Hoebeke, P., Monstrey, S., Vansteenwegen, A. and Rubens, R. (2005) Sexual and Physical Health after Sex Reassignment Surgery, Archives of Sexual Behavior 34(6): 679-90.
13. De Cuypere, G., Van Hemelrijck, M., Michel, A., Carael, B., Heylens, G., Rubens, R., Hoebeke, P. and Monstrey, S. (2007) Prevalence and Demography of Transsexualism in Belgium, European Psychiatry 22(3): 137-41.
14. Deranty, J.-P. and Renault, E. (2007) Politicizing Honneth's Ethics of Recognition. Thesis Eleven 88: 92-111.
15. Edwards, J.W., Fisher, D.G. and Reynolds, G.L. (2007) Male-to-female Transgender and Transsexual Clients of HIV Service Programs in Los Angeles County, California, American Journal of Public Health 97(6): 1030-3.
16. Fraser, N. and Honneth, A. (2003) Redistribution or Recognition? A Political-Philosophical Exchange (trans. J. Golb and C. Wilke) London: Verso.
17. Garrels, L., Kockott, G., Michael, N., Preuss, W., Renter, K., Schmidt, G.,., Sigusch, V. and Windgassen, K. (2000) Sex ratio of transsexuals in Germany: the development over three decades, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 102(6): 445-8.
18. Goldney, R., Fisher, L.J., Wilson, D.H. and Cheok, F. (2000) Major Depression and its Associated Morbidity and Quality of Life in a Random, Representative Australian Community Sample, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34: 1022-9.
19. Haraldsen, I.R. and Dahl, A.A. (2000) Symptom Profiles of Gender Dysphoric Patients of Transsexual Type Compared to Patients with Personality Disorders and Healthy Adults, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 102: 276-81.
20. Harding, R. and Peel, E. (2007) Surveying Sexualities: Internet Research with Nonheterosexuals, Feminism & Psychology 17(2): 277-85.
21. Hemmingway, H., Stafford, M., Stansfeld, S., Shipley, M. and Marmot, M. (1997) Is the SF-36 a Valid Measure of Change in a Population Health? Results from the Whitehall II Study, British Medical Journal 315(15): 1273-9.
22. Henrickson, M., Neville, S., Jordan, C. and Donaghey, S. (2008) Lavender Islands: The New Zealand Study, Journal of Homosexuality 53(4): 223-48.
23. Hepp, U., Kraemer, B., Schnyder, U., Miller, N. and Delsignore, A. (2005) Psychiatric Comorbidity in Gender Identity Disorder, Journal of Psychosomatic Research 58: 259-61.
24. Hillier, L., Turner, A. and Mitchell, A. (2005) Writing Themselves in Again: Six Years On, the 2nd National Report on the Sexuality, Health and Well-being of Same Sex Attracted Youth in Australia. Melbourne: Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society (ARCSHS), La Trobe University.
25. Honneth, A. (1995) The Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts (trans. J. Anderson) Cambridge, MA: Polity Press.
26. Jeffreys, S. (2003) Unpacking Queer Politics: A Lesbian Feminist Perspective. Cambridge: Polity Press.
27. Johnson, K. (2007) Transsexualism: Diagnostic Dilemmas, Transgender Politics and the Future of Transgender Care, in V. Clarke and E. Peel (eds) Out in Psychology: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Gay, Trans and Queer Perspectives, pp. 444-74. Chichester: Wiley.
28. Lawrence, A.A. (2005) Sexuality before and after Male to Female Sex Reassignment Surgery, Archives of Sexual Behavior 34(2): 147-66.
29. Lombardi, E.L., Wilchins, R.A., Priesing, D. and Malouf, D. (2001) Gender Violence: Transgender Experiences with Violence and Discrimination, Journal of Homosexuality 42(1): 89-101.
30. Mathy, R. (2001) A Nonclinical Comparison of Transgender Identity and Sexual Orientation: A Framework for Multicultural Competence, Journal of Psychology and Human Sexuality 13(1): 31-54.
31. McNay, L. (2008) 'The Trouble with Recognition: Subjectivity, Suffering, and Agency', Sociological Theory 26(3): 271-96.
32. McNeill, E.J. (2006) Management of the Transgender Voice, Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120(7): 521-3.
33. Meese, P. (1997) The Role of the General Practitioner in the Care of the Transgender Patient, Venereology 10(3): 154-7.
34. Midence, K. and Hargreaves, I. (1997) Psychosocial Adjustment in Male-to-female Transsexuals: An Overview of the Research Evidence, Journal of Psychology 131(6): 602-14.
35. Newfield, E., Hart, S., Dibble, S. and Kohler, L. (2006) Female-to-male Transgender Quality of Life, Quality of Life Research 15(9): 1447-57.
36. Olsson, S.E. and Moller, A.R. (2003) On the Incidence and Sex Ratio of Transsexualism in Sweden, 1972-2002, Archives of Sexual Behavior 32(4): 381-6.
37. Pitts, M., Smith, A., Mitchell, A. and Patel, S. (2006) Private Lives: A Report on the Health and Wellbeing of GLBTI Australians. Melbourne: Gay and Lesbian Health Victoria and The Australian Research Centre in Sex Health and Society, La Trobe University.
38. Raymond, J. (1979) The Transsexual Empire: The Making of the She-male. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
39. Rehman, J., Lazer, S., Benet, A.E., Schaefer, L.C. and Melman, A. (1999) The Reported Sex and Surgery Satisfactions of 28 Postoperative Male-to-female Transsexual Patients, Archives of Sexual Behavior 28(1): 71-89.
40. Riggle, E.D., Rostosky, S.S. and Reedy, C.S. (2005) Online Surveys for BGLT Research: Issues and Techniques, Journal of Homosexuality 49(2): 1-21.
41. Rogers, G., Curry, M., Oddy, J., Pratt, N., Beilby, J. and Wilkinson, D. (2003) Depressive Disorders and Unprotected Casual Anal Sex among Australian Homosexually Active Men in Primary Care, HIV Medicine 4: 271-5.
42. Rosser, B.R.S., Oakes, J.M., Bockting, W.O. and Miner, M. (2007) Capturing the Social Demographics of Hidden Sexual Minorities: An Internet Study of the Transgender Population in the United States, Sexuality Research and Social Policy 4(2): 50-64.
43. Sanson-Fisher, R.W. and Perkins, J.J. (1998) Adaption and Validation of the SF-36 Health Survey for Use in Australia, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 51(11): 961-7.
44. Smith, Y.L.S., Van Goozen, S.H.M., Kuiper, A.J. and Cohen-Kettenis, P.T. (2005) Sex Reassignment: Outcomes and Predictors of Treatment for Adolescent and Adult Transsexuals, Psychological Medicine 35(1): 89-99.
45. SNZ (1999) Taking the Pulse: The 1996/97 New Zealand Health Survey. Wellington: SNZ.
46. SNZ (2006) QuickStats National Highlights: Statistics New Zealand. Wellington: SNZ.
47. van Kesteren, P.J., Gooren, L.J. and Megens, J.A. (1996) An Epidemiological and Demographic Study of Transsexuals in The Netherlands, Archives of Sexual Behavior 25(6): 589-600.
48. Ware, J.E. and Gandek, B. (1998) Overview of the SF-36 Health Survey and the International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 51(11): 903-12.
49. Ware, J.E., Kosinski, M. and Keller, S.D. (1994) SF-36 Physical and Mental Health Summary Scales: A User's Manual. Boston, MA.: Health Assessment Lab.
50. Ware, J.E., Kosinski, M., Gandek, B., Aaronson, N.K., Apolone, G., Bech, P., Brazier, J., Bullinger, M., Kaasa, S., Leplège, A., Prieto, L. and Sullivan, M. (1998) The Factor Structure of the SF-36 Health Survey in 10 Countries: Results from the IQOLA Project, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 51(11): 1159-65.
51. Weitze, C. and Osburg, S. (1996) Transsexualism in Germany: Empirical Data on Epidemiology and Application of the German Transsexuals' Act during its First Ten Years, Archives of Sexual Behavior 25(4): 409-25.
52. Wilson, P., Sharp, C. and Carr, S. (1999) The Prevalence of Gender Dysphoria in Scotland: A Primary Care Study, British Journal of General Practice 49(449): 991-2.