Cost-effectiveness of preventing loss to follow-up in HIV treatment programs: A Côte d'Ivoire appraisal

PLoS Medicine

Volumn 6, Issue 10, 2009, Pages

  Losina, Elena ^a,b,c   Touré, Hapsatou ^d   Uhler, Lauren M ^a   Anglaret, Xavier ^d,e   Paltiel, A David ^f   Balestre, Eric ^d   Walensky, Rochelle P ^a,g,h   Messou, Eugène ^e,j   Weinstein, Milton C ^g   Dabis, François ^d   Freedberg, Kenneth A ^a,c,g,h   Bender, Melissa ^a   Chiosi, John ^a   Chu, Jennifer ^a   Chung, Sarah ^a   Ciaranello, Andrea ^a   Fofana, Mariam O ^a   Hsu, Heather E ^a   Lu, Zhigang ^a   Morris, Bethany ^a   Morris, Brandon ^a   Rhode, Erin ^a   Sloan, Caroline ^a   Scott, Callie A ^a   Uhler, Lauren ^a   Cotich, Kara ^g   Goldie, Sue J ^g   Kimmel, April D ^g   Lipsitch, Marc ^g   Rydzak, Chara ^g   Seage III, George R ^g   Yazdanpanah, Yazdan ⁱ   Salamon, Roger ^d   Danel, Christine ^j   N'Dri Yoman, Thérèse ^j   Moh, Raoul ^j   Ouattara, Eric ^j   Touré, Siaka ^j   Seyler, Catherine ^j   Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran ^k   Ganesh, A K ^k   Wood, Robin ^l   Gray, Glenda ^m   McIntyre, James ^m   Martinson, Neil A ^m   Mohapi, Lerato ^m   Flanigan, Timothy ⁿ   Mayer, Kenneth ⁿ   more..

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d INSERM   (France)

^e Centre de Prise en Charge de Recherche et de Formation (CePReF)   (Côte d’Ivoire)

^f YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^g HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^h HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

ⁱ CENTRE HOSPITALIER DE TOURCOING   (France)

^j Programme PAC CI   (Côte d’Ivoire)

^k YRG CENTRE FOR AIDS RESEARCH AND EDUCATION   (India)

^l UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^m UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

ⁿ MIRIAM HOSPITAL   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COTRIMOXAZOLE; EMTRICITABINE; LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; RITONAVIR; STAVUDINE; TENOFOVIR; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT;

ARTICLE; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; COTE D'IVOIRE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LIFE EXPECTANCY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REIMBURSEMENT; SURVIVAL; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ECONOMICS; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COTE D'IVOIRE; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; LIFE EXPECTANCY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 70449090313     PISSN: 15491277     EISSN: 15491676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000173     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Seyler C, Anglaret X, Dakoury-Dogbo N, Messou E, Toure S, et al. (2003) Medium-term survival, morbidity and immunovirological evolution in HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Antivir Ther 8: 385-393. (Pubitemid 37351556)
2. Akileswaran C, Lurie MN, Flanigan TP, Mayer KH (2005) Lessons learned from use of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Africa. Clin Infect Dis 41: 376-385. (Pubitemid 41022117)
3. Ivers LC, Kendrick D, Doucette K (2005) Efficacy of antiretroviral therapy programs in resource-poor settings: a meta-analysis of the published literature. Clin Infect Dis 41: 217-224. (Pubitemid 40962502)
4. Sow PS, Otieno LF, Bissagnene E, Kityo C, Bennink R, et al. (2007) Implementation of an antiretroviral access program for HIV-1-infected individuals in resource-limited settings: clinical results from 4 African countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 44: 262-267. (Pubitemid 46328341)
5. Hammond R, Harry TC (2008) Efficacy of antiretroviral therapy in Africa: effect on immunological and virological outcome measures - a meta-analysis. Int J STD AIDS 19: 291-296. (Pubitemid 351748268)
6. UNAIDS (2007) AIDS epidemic update: December 2007. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and World Health Organization (WHO).
7. Bekker LG, Myer L, Orrell C, Lawn S, Wood R (2006) Rapid scale-up of a community-based HIV treatment service: programme performance over 3 consecutive years in Guguletu, South Africa. S Afr Med J 96: 315-320.
8. Ferradini L, Jeannin A, Pinoges L, Izopet J, Odhiambo D, et al. (2006) Scaling up of highly active antiretroviral therapy in a rural district of Malawi: an effectiveness assessment. Lancet 367: 1335-1342.
9. Stringer JS, Zulu I, Levy J, Stringer EM, Mwango A, et al. (2006) Rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy at primary care sites in Zambia: feasibility and early outcomes. JAMA 296: 782-793. (Pubitemid 44223102)
10. Ojikutu B, Makadzange AT, Gaolathe T (2008) Scaling up ART treatment capacity: lessons learned from South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Botswana. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 5: 94-98.
11. Toure S, Kouadio B, Seyler C, Traore M, Dakoury-Dogbo N, et al. (2008) Rapid scaling-up of antiretroviral therapy in 10,000 adults in Cote d'Ivoire: 2-year outcomes and determinants. AIDS 22: 873-882. (Pubitemid 351563837)
12. WHO/UNAIDS/UNICEF (2008) Towards Universal Access: Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector. Progress Report, 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization.
13. Braitstein P, Brinkhof MW, Dabis F, Schechter M, Boulle A, et al. (2006) Mortality of HIV-1-infected patients in the first year of antiretroviral therapy: comparison between low-income and high-income countries. Lancet 367: 817-824.
14. Rosen S, Fox MP, Gill CJ (2007) Patient retention in antiretroviral therapy programs in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. PLoS Med 4: e298. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040298. (Pubitemid 350035458)
15. Laurent C, Meilo H, Guiard-Schmid JB, Mapoure Y, Noel JM, et al. (2005) Antiretroviral therapy in public and private routine health care clinics in Cameroon: lessons from the Douala antiretroviral (DARVIR) initiative. Clin Infect Dis 41: 108-111. (Pubitemid 40863752)
16. Lawn SD, Myer L, Harling G, Orrell C, Bekker LG, et al. (2006) Determinants of mortality and nondeath losses from an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa: implications for program evaluation. Clin Infect Dis 43: 770-776. (Pubitemid 44330743)
17. van Oosterhout JJ, Bodasing N, Kumwenda JJ, Nyirenda C, Mallewa J, et al. (2005) Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy results in a resource-poor setting in Blantyre, Malawi. Trop Med Int Health 10: 464-470. (Pubitemid 40712431)
18. Wools-Kaloustian K, Kimaiyo S, Diero L, Siika A, Sidle J, et al. (2006) Viability and effectiveness of large-scale HIV treatment initiatives in sub-Saharan Africa: experience from western Kenya. AIDS 20: 41-48. (Pubitemid 41818113)
19. Brown DM, Thorne JE, Foster GL, Duncan JL, Brune LM, et al. (2006) Factors affecting attrition in a longitudinal study of patients with AIDS. AIDS Care 18: 821-829.
20. Touloumi G, Pocock SJ, Babiker AG, Darbyshire JH (2002) Impact of missing data due to selective dropouts in cohort studies and clinical trials. Epidemiology 13: 347-355. (Pubitemid 34415857)
21. Anglaret X, Toure S, Gourvellec G, Tchehy A, Zio L, et al. (2004) Impact of vital status investigation procedures on estimates of survival in cohorts of HIV-infected patients from Sub-Saharan Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 35: 320-323.
22. Bisson GP, Gaolathe T, Gross R, Rollins C, Bellamy S, et al. (2008) Overestimates of survival after HAART: implications for global scale-up efforts. PLoS One 3: e1725. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001725. (Pubitemid 351903231)
23. Dalal RP, Macphail C, Mqhayi M, Wing J, Feldman C, et al. (2008) Characteristics and outcomes of adult patients lost to follow-up at an antiretroviral treatment clinic in johannesburg, South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 47: 101-107. (Pubitemid 351619376)
24. Maskew M, MacPhail P, Menezes C, Rubel D (2007) Lost to follow up: contributing factors and challenges in South African patients on antiretroviral therapy. S Afr Med J 97: 853-857. (Pubitemid 47542654)
25. Yu JK, Chen SC, Wang KY, Chang CS, Makombe SD, et al. (2007) True outcomes for patients on antiretroviral therapy who are "lost to follow-up" in Malawi. Bull World Health Organ 85: 550-554.
26. Goldie SJ, Paltiel AD, Weinstein MC, Losina E, Seage GR, 3rd, et al. (2003) Projecting the cost-effectiveness of adherence interventions in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Med 115: 632-641.
27. Freedberg KA, Losina E, Weinstein MC, Paltiel AD, Cohen CJ, et al. (2001) The cost effectiveness of combination antiretroviral therapy for HIV disease. N Engl J Med 344: 824-831. (Pubitemid 32222162)
28. Paltiel AD, Weinstein MC, Kimmel AD, Seage GR, 3rd, Losina E, et al. (2005) Expanded screening for HIV in the United States-an analysis of cost-effectiveness. N Engl J Med 352: 586-595.
29. Weinstein MC, Goldie SJ, Losina E, Cohen CJ, Baxter JD, et al. (2001) Use of genotypic resistance testing to guide HIV therapy: clinical impact and cost-effectiveness. Ann Intern Med 134: 440-450. (Pubitemid 32225945)
30. International Monetary Fund (2007) World Economic Outlook Database. Washington (D.C.): International Monetary Fund.
31. OANDA (2008) FXHistory: historical currency exchange rates. Available: http://www.oanda.com/.
32. Gold MR, Siegel JE, Russell LB, Weinstein MC, eds (1996) Cost effectiveness in health and medicine. New York: Oxford University Press.
33. World Health Organization (2001) Macroeconomics and health: investing in health for economic development. Geneva: World Health Organization.
34. Losina E, Anglaret X, Yazdanpanah Y, Wang B, Toure S, et al. (2006) Impact of opportunistic diseases on chronic mortality in HIV-infected adults in Cote d'Ivoire. S Afr Med J 96: 526-529.
35. Minga A, Danel C, Abo Y, Dohoun L, Bonard D, et al. (2007) Progression to WHO criteria for antiretroviral therapy in a 7-year cohort of adult HIV-1 seroconverters in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Bull World Health Organ 85: 116-123. (Pubitemid 46203941)
36. Losina E, Yazdanpanah Y, Deuffic-Burban S, Wang B, Wolf LL, et al. (2007) The independent effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on severe opportunistic disease incidence and mortality in HIV-infected adults in Cote d'Ivoire. Antivir Ther 12: 543-551. (Pubitemid 47041153)
37. Goldie SJ, Yazdanpanah Y, Losina E, Weinstein MC, Anglaret X, et al. (2006) Cost-effectiveness of HIV treatment in resource-poor settings-the case of Cote d'Ivoire. N Engl J Med 355: 1141-1153. (Pubitemid 44394920)
38. Yazdanpanah Y, Losina E, Anglaret X, Goldie SJ, Walensky RP, et al. (2005) Clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in patients with HIV/AIDS in Cote d'Ivoire: a trial-based analysis. AIDS 19: 1299-1308. (Pubitemid 41224899)
39. Dabis F, Balestre E, Braitstein P, Miotti P, Brinkhof WG, et al. (2005) Cohort Profile: Antiretroviral Therapy in Lower Income Countries (ART-LINC): international collaboration of treatment cohorts. Int J Epidemiol 34: 979-986. (Pubitemid 41535538)
40. World Health Organization (2006) Antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection in adults and adolescents: recommendations for a public health approach. Geneva: World Health Organization.
41. Danel C, Moh R, Anzian A, Abo Y, Chenal H, et al. (2006) Tolerance and acceptability of an efavirenz-based regimen in 740 adults (predominantly women) in West Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 42: 29-35. (Pubitemid 43947943)
42. Mata RC, Viciana P, de Alarcon A, Lopez-Cortes LF, Gomez-Vera J, et al. (2005) Discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy in patients with chronic HIV infection: clinical, virologic, and immunologic consequences. AIDS Patient Care STDS 19: 550-562. (Pubitemid 41338911)
43. Mellors JW, Munoz A, Giorgi JV, Margolick JB, Tassoni CJ, et al. (1997) Plasma viral load and CD4+ lymphocytes as prognostic markers of HIV-1 infection. Ann Intern Med 126: 946-954. (Pubitemid 27255797)
44. Mocroft A, Kirk O, Aldins P, Chies A, Blaxhult A, et al. (2008) Loss to follow-up in an international, multicentre observational study. HIV Med 9: 261-269.
45. Beaulière A, Pouhé A, Touré H, Anglaret X, Dabis F (2008) Access to care for people living with HIV/AIDS: assessing the financial burden in Côte d'Ivoire, ANRS 12137 Study, Oral Presentation, December 5, Session (SOE05); Costs of treatment and care. In: 15th International Conference on AIDS and STIs in Africa (ICASA); Dakar, Senegal. 3-7 December 2008.
46. Nombela N, Kouadio B, Toure S, Seyler C, Flori YA, et al. (2006) Nonantiretroviral drug consumption by CD4 cell count in HIV-infected adults: a 5-year cohort study in Cote d'Ivoire. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41: 225-231.
47. (2008) Suivi de la déclaration d'engagement sur le VIH/SIDA (UNGASS): Rapport National de la Côte d'Ivoire. Abidjan: Ministère de la Lutte contre le Sida (with joint support from UNAIDS and UNFPA). 47 p.
48. Médecins Sans Frontières (2008) Untangling the web of antiretroviral price reductions, 11th edition. Available: http://www.msfaccess. org/fileadmin/user-upload/diseases/hiv-aids/Untangling-the-Web/ Untanglingtheweb-July2008-English.pdf. Accessed 20 August 2008.
49. Forster M, Bailey C, Brinkhof MW, Graber C, Boulle A, et al. (2008) Electronic medical record systems, data quality and loss to follow-up: survey of antiretroviral therapy programmes in resource-limited settings. Bull World Health Organ 86: 939-947.
50. Brinkhof MW, Dabis F, Myer L, Bangsberg DR, Boulle A, et al. (2008) Early loss of HIV-infected patients on potent antiretroviral therapy programmes in lower-income countries. Bull World Health Organ 86: 559-567. (Pubitemid 351931216)
51. World Health Organization (2005) WHO Discussion Paper: the practice of charging user fees at the point of service delivery for HIV/AIDS treatment and care. Geneva: World Health Organization.
52. Gilks CF, Crowley S, Ekpini R, Gove S, Perriens J, et al. (2006) The WHO public-health approach to antiretroviral treatment against HIV in resource-limited settings. Lancet 368: 505-510. (Pubitemid 44142772)
53. Bisson GP, Frank I, Gross R, Lo Re V, 3rd, Strom JB, et al. (2006) Out-of-pocket costs of HAART limit HIV treatment responses in Botswana's private sector. AIDS 20: 1333-1336.
54. Ramadhani HO, Thielman NM, Landman KZ, Ndosi EM, Gao F, et al. (2007) Predictors of incomplete adherence, virologic failure, and antiviral drug resistance among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania. Clin Infect Dis 45: 1492-1498.
55. Boyer S, Marcellin F, Ongolo-Zogo P, Abega S, Nantchouang R, et al. (2009) Financial barriers to HIV treatment in Yaounde, Cameroon: first results of a national cross-sectional survey. Bull World Health Organ 87: 279-287.
56. Zachariah R, Van Engelgem I, Massaquoi M, Kocholla L, Manzi M, et al. (2008) Payment for antiretroviral drugs is associated with a higher rate of patients lost to follow-up than those offered free-of-charge therapy in Nairobi, Kenya. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 288-293.
57. (2008) Arrêté du 20 août 2008: Portant gratuité du traitement antirétroviral dans les établissements sanitaires publics. Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: Le Ministre de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique.
58. Brikci N, Philips M (2007) User fees or equity funds in low-income countries. Lancet 369: 10-11. (Pubitemid 46039827)
59. Djohan G, Kouakoussui A, Msellati P (2005) [Direct cost related to management and care provision for HIV-infected children in the asymptomatic stage in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire]. Santé Publique 17: 627-636.
60. Zachariah R, Harries AD, Manzi M, Gomani P, Teck R, et al. (2006) Acceptance of anti-retroviral therapy among patients infected with HIV and tuberculosis in rural Malawi is low and associated with cost of transport. PLoS One 1: e121. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000121.
61. Boileau C, Nguyen VK, Sylla M, Machouf N, Chamberland A, et al. (2008) Low prevalence of detectable HIV plasma viremia in patients treated with antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso and Mali. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 48: 476-484.
62. Mamlin J, Kimaiyo S, Lewis S, Tadayo H, Jerop FK, et al. (2008) Integrating nutrition support for food-insecure patients and their dependents into an HIV care and treatment program in Western Kenya. Am J Public Health 99: 215-221.
63. Braitstein P, Siika A, Hogan J, Kosgei R, Sang E, et al. (2009) High risk express care: a novel care model to reduce early mortality among high risk HIV-infected patients initiating combination antiretroviral treatment. In: Proceedings of the 2009 HIV/AIDS Implementer's Meeting; 10-14 June 2009;Windhoek, Namibia. Available: http://hivimplementers.com/pdfs/ FINALAbstractBook.pdf.
64. The Global Fund (2009) Forecasting demand for ARVs, 2008-2010. Available: www.theglobalfund.org/documents/psm/communication/2009-February-Forecasting- DemandARVs2008-2010.ppt. Accessed 13 September 2008.
65. World Health Organization (2006) Life tables for WHO member states. Geneva: World Health Organization.