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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408b.
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408c
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408c.
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408c
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408c.
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See note 6, FDA 2001:20594 (H.H.) and codified as section 50.55e
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See note 6, FDA 2001:20594 (H.H.) and codified as section 50.55e.
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408a.
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See note 17, Buchanan, Brock 1989:233.
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See, for example, note 25, Charlow 1994; see note 26, Cashman 1997; see note 26, Burns 2000
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See, for example, note 25, Charlow 1994; see note 26, Cashman 1997; see note 26, Burns 2000.
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See note 22, Hamburg 1994:33.
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35
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note
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See note 29, Smith 1999:29, table 6. Of note, in 1998, there was a slight increase back to 51.7 percent.
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36
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See note 13, DHHS 1981:sect. 46.101b2.
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.401b.
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See note 3, DHHS 1983:sect. 46.408c.
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40
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7044253922
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See note 35, Marshall 2001:2
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46
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See note 12, National Commission 1977:18-9
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See note 12, National Commission 1977:18-9.
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47
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Conference proceedings: Guidelines for adolescent health research
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See, for example, note 35, Marshall 2001; Consensus Conference on Guidelines for Adolescent Health Research. Conference proceedings: guidelines for adolescent health research. Alexandria, VA, May 19-20, 1994. Journal of Adolescent Health 1995;17:264-9; and Santelli J, Rosenfeld W, DuRant R, Rosenfeld W, Dubler N. Guidelines for adolescent health research: a position paper on the Society for Adolescent Medicine. Journal of Adolescent Health 1995;17:270-6.
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Santelli, J.1
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See, for example: note 47, Consensus Conference 1994; note 47, Santelli, Rosenfeld, DuRant, Rosenfeld, Dubler 1995.
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See note 19, Ross 1998:152-64; see note 46, Veatch 1981
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Costello JC. "If I can say yes, why can't I say no?" adolescents at risk and the right to give or withhold consent to health care. In: Humm SR, Ort BA, Anbari MM, Lader WS, Biel WS, eds. Child, Parent, and State. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press; 1994:490-503.
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See note 19, Ross 1998.
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See note 49, Ackerman 1979:348.
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See, for example, note 19, Ross 1998; note 19, Schoeman 1985; New York: The Free Press
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This point has been argued by several ethicists. See, for example, note 19, Ross 1998; note 19, Schoeman 1985; and Goldstein J, Freud A, Solnit AJ. Before the Best Interests of the Child. New York: The Free Press; 1979.
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See note 67, McCarthy, Richman, Hoffman, Rubenstein 2001:1201. Of note, the primary motivation of the parents was also financial (p. 1201). This raises ethical questions about monetary reimbursements and incentives in pediatric research. In a recent article, Wendler et al. examine the different roles that financial reimbursements and incentives play in pediatric research, offering suggestions of when they are and are not ethically appropriate. See: Wendler D, Rackoff J, Emanuel EJ, Grady C. The ethics of paying for children's participation in research. Journal of Pediatrics 2002;141:166-71.
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Gaylin, W.1
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See note 76, Gaylin 1982:49
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See note 76, Gaylin 1982:49.
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84
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85
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See note 62, Goldstein, Freud, Solnit 1979
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See note 62, Goldstein, Freud, Solnit 1979.
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86
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See note 64, Clark 2002:38
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See note 64, Clark 2002:38.
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See note 49, Ackerman 1979:348
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See note 49, Ackerman 1979:348.
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