Safety of the etonogestrel-releasing implant during the immediate postpartum period: a pilot study

Contraception

Volumn 80, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 519-526

  Brito, Milena Bastos ^a   Ferriani, Rui Alberto ^a,b   Quintana, Silvana Maria ^a   Yazlle, Marta Edna Holanda Diogenes ^a   Silva de Sá, Marcos Felipe ^a,b   Vieira, Carolina Sales ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

^b National Institute of Hormones and Women's Health   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Adverse effects; Breastfeeding; Contraceptive; Etonogestrel; Metabolism; Postpartum period

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; ETONOGESTREL; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INTERLEUKIN 6; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ABDOMINAL CRAMP; ACNE; ADULT; ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; BLOOD CELL COUNT; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BODY MASS; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTRACEPTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FEMALE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HAIR LOSS; HEADACHE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; IMPLANT; LACTATION; MATERNAL CARE; NAUSEA; NERVOUSNESS; NORMAL HUMAN; PUERPERIUM; SAFETY; SPOTTING; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; VAGINA BLEEDING; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BLOOD CELL COUNT; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY WEIGHT; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CHOLESTEROL; CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS, FEMALE; CYTOKINES; DESOGESTREL; DRUG TOXICITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; LACTATION; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; PATIENT SELECTION; PILOT PROJECTS; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

EID: 70350780463     PISSN: 00107824     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2009.05.124     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). Safe motherhood: reducing risks by offering contraceptive services, 2008. Accessed 15 January 2009. Available on line in:. http://www.unfpa.org/mothers/contraceptive.htm#unwanted
2. Conde-Agudelo A., and Belizan J.M. Maternal morbidity and mortality associated with interpregnancy interval: cross sectional study. BMJ 321 (2000) 1255-1259
3. Rousso D., Panidis D., Gkoutzioulis F., Kourtis A., Mavromatidis G., and Kalahanis I. Effect of the interval between pregnancies on the health of mother and child. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 105 (2002) 4-6
4. Rutstein S.O. Effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant and under-five years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: evidence from the demographic and health surveys. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 9 (2005) S7-S24
5. World Health Organization. Medical eligibility criteria for contraceptive use. 3rd ed. (2004), World Health Organization, Geneva
6. Committee on Health Care for Underserved Women. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 361: Breastfeeding: maternal and infant aspects. Obstet Gynecol 9 2 Pt 1 (2007) 479-480
7. McCann M.F., Moggia A.V., Higgins J.E., Potts M., and Becker C. The effects of a progestin-only oral contraceptive (levonorgestrel 0.03 mg) on breast-feeding. Contraception 40 (1989) 635-648
8. Moggia A.V., Harris G.S., Dunson T.R., et al. A comparative study of a progestin-only oral contraceptive versus non-hormonal methods in lactating women in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Contraception 44 (1991) 31-43
9. Halderman L.D., and Nelson A.L. Impact of early postpartum administration of progestin-only hormonal contraceptives compared with nonhormonal contraceptives on short- term breast-feeding patterns. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186 (2002) 1250-1256
10. Karim M., Ammar R., el-Mahgoub S., el-Ganzoury B., Fikri F., and Abdou I. Injected progestogen and lactation. Br Med J 1 (1971) 200-203
11. Darney P., Patel A., Rosen K., Shapiro L.S., and Kaunitz A.M. Safety and efficacy of a single-rod etonogestrel implant (Implanon): results from 11 international clinical trials. Fertil Steril 91 (2009) 1646-1653
12. Reinprayoon D., Taneepanichskul S., Bunyavejchevin S., et al. Effects of the etonogestrel-releasing contraceptive implant (Implanon®) on parameters of breastfeeding compared with those of an intrauterine device. Contraception 62 (2000) 239-246
13. Taneepanichskul S., Reinprayoon D., Thaithumyanon P., Praisuwanna P., Tosukhowong P., and Dieben T. Effects of the etonogestrel-releasing implant (Implanon®) and a nonmedicated intrauterine device on the growth of breast-fed infants. Contraception 73 (2006) 368-371
14. Labbok M., Cooney K., and Coly S. Guidelines for breast-feeding and the lactational amenorrhea method. 3rd ed. 58 (1994), Institute for Reproductive Health, Washington, DC
15. Friedewald W.T., Levy R.I., and Fredrickson D.S. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18 (1972) 499-502
16. Truitt S.T., Fraser A.B., Grimes D.A., Gallo M.F., and Schulz K.F. Hormonal contraception during lactation. systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Contraception 68 (2003) 233-238
17. Campbell O.M., and Gray R.H. Characteristics and determinants of postpartum ovarian function in women in the United States. Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 (1993) 55-60
18. Urbancsek J. An integrated analysis of nonmenstrual adverse events with Implanon. Contraception 58 (1998) 109S-115S
19. Brache V., Faundes A., Alvarez F., and Cochon L. Nonmenstrual adverse events during use of implantable contraceptives for women: data from clinical trials. Contraception 65 (2002) 63-74
20. Phemister D.A., Laurent S., and Harrison Jr. F.N. Use of Norplant contraceptive implants in the immediate postpartum period: safety and tolerance. Am J Obstet Gynecol 172 (1995) 175-179
21. Croxatto H.B. Progestin implants. Steroids 65 (2000) 681-685
22. Affandi B. An integrated analysis of vaginal bleeding patterns in clinical trials of Implanon. Contraception 58 (1998) 99S-107S
23. Patel S.B., Toddywalla V.S., Betrabet S.S., et al. At what "infant-age" can levonorgestrel contraceptives be recommended to nursing mothers?. Adv Contracept 10 (1994) 249-255
24. Suherman S.K., Affandi B., and Korver T. The effects of Implanon on lipid metabolism in comparison with Norplant. Contraception 60 (1999) 281-287
25. Innal M.M., Yildirim Y., Ertopcu K., Avci M.E., Ozelmas I., and Tinar S. Effect of the subdermal contraceptive etonogestrel. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 28 (2008) 1-5
26. Biswas A., Viegas O.A.C., Bennink H.J.T.C., Korver T., and Ratnam S.S. Implanon® contraceptive implants: effects on carbohydrate metabolism. Contraception 63 (2001) 137-141