Apathy and functioning in first-episode psychosis

Psychiatric Services

Volumn 60, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 1495-1503

  Faerden, Ann ^a   Friis, Svein ^a   Agartz, Ingrid ^b   Barrett, Elizabeth Ann ^d   Nesvåg, Ragnar ^c   Finset, Arnstein ^c   Melle, Ingrid ^a  

^a ULLEVÅL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^b DIAKONHJEMMET HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^d AKER UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; APATHY; ARTICLE; CHILDHOOD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSIS RELATED GROUP; FEMALE; HEBEPHRENIA; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; NEGATIVE SYNDROME; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOSIS; SOCIAL INTERACTION;

EID: 70350771106     PISSN: 10752730     EISSN: 15579700     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/ps.2009.60.11.1495     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Mueser KT, McGurk SR: Schizophrenia. Lancet 363:2063-2072, 2004
2. Olesen J, Baker MG, Freund T, et al: Consensus document on European brain research. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 77(suppl 1):i1-i49, 2006 (Pubitemid 44174444)
3. McGlashan TH, Fenton WS: The positivenegative distinction in schizophrenia: review of natural history validators. Archives of General Psychiatry 49:63-72, 1992
4. Herbener ES, Harrow M: Are negative symptoms associated with functioning deficits in both schizophrenia and nonschizophrenia patients? A 10-year longitudinal analysis. Schizophrenia Bulletin 30:813-825, 2004
5. McGurk SR, Moriarty PJ, Harvey PD, et al: The longitudinal relationship of clinical symptoms, cognitive functioning, and adaptive life in geriatric schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 42:47-55, 2000 (Pubitemid 30118744)
6. Wyatt RJ, Henter I: Rationale for the study of early intervention. Schizophrenia Research 51:69-76, 2001
7. Whitty P, Clarke M, McTigue O, et al: Predictors of outcome in first-episode schizophrenia over the first 4 years of illness. Psychological Medicine 38:1141-1146, 2008 (Pubitemid 351950153)
8. Kirkpatrick B, Fenton WS, Carpenter WT Jr, et al: The NIMH-MATRICS consensus statement on negative symptoms. Schizophrenia Bulletin 32:214-219, 2006
9. Miller AL, Mahurin RK, Velligan DI, et al: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: where do we go from here? Biological Psychiatry 37:691-693, 1995
10. Erhart SM, Marder SR, Carpenter WT: Treatment of schizophrenia negative symptoms: future prospects. Schizophrenia Bulletin 32:234-237, 2006
11. Blanchard JJ, Cohen AS: The structure of negative symptoms within schizophrenia: implications for assessment. Schizophrenia Bulletin 32:238-245, 2006
12. Sass H: The historical evolution of the concept of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement 7:26-31, 1989 (Pubitemid 19270844)
13. Crow TJ: Positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms and the role of dopamine. British Journal of Psychiatry 137: 383-386, 1980
14. Andreasen NC: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: definition and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry 39:784-788,1982 (Pubitemid 12090301)
15. Marin RS: Apathy: a neuropsychiatric syndrome. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 3:243-254, 1991
16. Stuss DT, Knight RT: Principles of Frontal Lobe Function. New York, Oxford University Press, 2002
17. Tekin S, Cummings JL: Frontal-subcortical neuronal circuits and clinical neuropsychiatry: an update. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 53:647-654, 2002 (Pubitemid 36292444)
18. Landes AM, Sperry SD, Strauss ME, et al: Apathy in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 49:1700-1707, 2001
19. Pluck GC, Brown RG: Apathy in Parkinson's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 73:636-642, 2002
20. Paulsen JS, Ready RE, Hamilton JM, et al: Neuropsychiatric aspects of Huntington's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 71:310-314, 2001
21. Andersson S, Krogstad JM, Finset A: Apathy and depressed mood in aquired brain damage: relationship to lesion localization and psychophysiological reaction. Psychological Medicine 29:447-456, 1999 (Pubitemid 29129329)
22. Kraepelin E: Dementia Praecox and Paraphrenia. Huntington, NY, Krieger, 1971
23. Brown RG, Pluck G: Negative symptoms: the "pathology" of motivation and goal-directed behaviour. Trends in Neurosciences 23:412-417, 2000
24. Foussias G, Remington G: Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: avolition and Occam's razor. Schizophrenia Bulletin Jul 21, 2008 [Epub ahead of print]
25. Barch DM: Emotion, motivation, and reward processing in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: what we know and where we need to go. Schizophrenia Bulletin 34:816-818, 2008
26. Welham J, Stedman T, Clair A: Choosing negative symptom instruments: issues of representation and redundancy. Psychiatry Research 87:47-56, 1999 (Pubitemid 29421698)
27. Marin RS, Biedrzycki RC, Firinciogullari S: Reliability and validity of the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Psychiatry Research 38:143-162, 1991
28. Starkstein SE, Petracca G, Chemerinski E, et al: Syndromic validity of apathy in Alzheimer's disease. American Journal of Psychiatry 158:872-877, 2001 (Pubitemid 32547615)
29. Faerden A, Nesvag R, Barrett EA, et al: Assessing apathy: the use of the Apathy Evaluation Scale in first episode psychosis. European Psychiatry 23:33-39, 2008 (Pubitemid 351221253)
30. Kiang M, Christensen BK, Remington G, et al: Apathy in schizophrenia: clinical correlates and association with functional outcome. Schizophrenia Research 63:79-88, 2001 (Pubitemid 36929849)
31. The Frontal Lobes and Neuropsychiatric Illness. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2008
32. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Kroenke K, et al: Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care: the PRIME-MD 1000 study. JAMA 272:1749-1756, 1994 (Pubitemid 24372002)
33. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 13: 261-276, 1987 (Pubitemid 18039085)
34. Toomey R, Kremen WS, Simpson JC, et al: Revisiting the factor structure for positive and negative symptoms: evidence from a large heterogeneous group of psychiatric patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 154:371-377, 1997 (Pubitemid 27098287)
35. Emsley R, Rabinowitz J, Torreman M: The factor structure for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in recent-onset psychosis. Schizophrenia Research 61:47-57, 2003 (Pubitemid 36332139)
36. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. Washington DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994
37. Mueser K, Noordsy D, Drake R, et al: Integrated Treatement for Dual Disorders. New York, Guilford, 2003
38. Cannon-Spoor HE, Potkin SG, Wyatt RJ: Measurement of premorbid adjustment in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 8:470-484, 1982
39. Larsen TK, Friis S, Haahr U, et al: Premorbid adjustment in first-episode non-affective psychosis: distinct patterns of pre-onset course. British Journal of Psychiatry 185: 108-115, 2004 (Pubitemid 39061453)
40. MacBeth A, Gumley A: Premorbid adjustment, symptom development and quality of life in first episode psychosis: a systematic review and critical reappraisal. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 117:85-99, 2008
41. Haahr U, Friis S, Larsen TK, et al: Firstepisode psychosis: diagnostic stability over one and two years. Psychopathology 41:322-329, 2008
42. Pedersen G, Hagtvet KA, Karterud S: Generalizability studies of the Global Assessment of Functioning-Split Version. Comprehensive Psychiatry 48:88-94, 2007 (Pubitemid 44826972)
43. Jones SH, Thornicroft G, Coffey M, et al: A brief mental health outcome scale: reliability and validity of the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). British Journal of Psychiatry 166:654-659, 1995
44. Melle I, Larsen TK, Haahr U, et al: Prevention of negative symptom psychopathologies in first-episode schizophrenia: two-year effects of reducing the duration of untreated psychosis. Archives of General Psychiatry 65:634-640, 2008 (Pubitemid 351787234)
45. Ventura J, Liberman RP, Green MF, et al: Training and quality assurance with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I/P). Psychiatry Research 79:163-173, 1998 (Pubitemid 28308489)
46. Pintrich PR, Schunk DH: Motivation in Education: Theory, Research and Applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Merrill Prentice Hall, 2002
47. Hollis C: Developmental precursors of child- and adolescent-onset schizophrenia and affective psychoses: diagnostic specificity and continuity with symptom dimensions. British Journal of Psychiatry 182:37-44, 2003
48. Basso MR, Nasrallah HA, Olson SC, et al: Neuropsychological correlates of negative, disorganized and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research 31:99-111, 1998 (Pubitemid 28307950)
49. Starkstein SE, Ingram L, Garau ML, et al: On the overlap between apathy and depression in dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 76:1070-1074, 2005
50. Kirsch-Darrow L, Fernandez HH, Marsiske M, et al: Dissociating apathy and depression in Parkinson disease. Neurology 67:33-38, 2006 (Pubitemid 44305458)
51. Blanchard JJ, Cohen AS: The structure of negative symptoms within schizophrenia: implications for assessment. Schizophrenia Bulletin 32:246-249, 2005
52. Galynker II, Cai J, Ongseng F, et al: Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in major depressive disorder. Journal of Nuclear Biology and Medicine 39:608-612, 1998 (Pubitemid 28175832)
53. Lavretsky H, Ballmaier M, Pham D, et al: Neuroanatomical characteristics of geriatric apathy and depression: a magnetic resonance imaging study. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 15:386-394, 2007
54. Roth RM, Flashman LA, Saykin AJ, et al: Apathy in schizophrenia: reduced frontal lobe volume and neuropsychological deficits. American Journal of Psychiatry 161:157-159, 2004
55. Apostolova LG, Akopyan GG, Partiali N, et al: Structural correlates of apathy in Alzheimer's disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 24:91-97, 2007 (Pubitemid 47094067)
56. Andersson S, Bergedalen AM: Cognitive correlates of apathy in traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology 15:184-191, 2002 (Pubitemid 35006773)
57. Kopelowicz A, Liberman RP: Integrating treatment with rehabilitation for persons with major mental illnesses. Psychiatric Services 54:1491-1498, 2003 (Pubitemid 37351839)
58. Velligan DI, Mueller J, Wang M, et al: Use of environmental supports among patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatric Services 57:219-224, 2006 (Pubitemid 43214468)
59. Whitehorn D, Lazier L, Kopala L: Psychosocial rehabilitation early after the onset of psychosis. Psychiatric Services 49:1135- 1137, 1147, 1998 (Pubitemid 28414677)
60. Velligan DI, Kern RS, Gold JM: Cognitive rehabilitation for schizophrenia and the putative role of motivation and expectancies. Schizophrenia Bulletin 32:474-485, 2006
61. Roth RM, Flashman LA, McAllister TW: Apathy and its treatment. Current Treatment Options in Neurology 9:363-370, 2007