¿Qué? Quoi? Do languages with grammatical gender promote sexist attitudes?

Sex Roles

Volumn 61, Issue 9-10, 2009, Pages 634-643

  Wasserman, Benjamin D ^a   Weseley, Allyson J ^a  

^a Roslyn High School   (United States)

Author keywords

Gender differences; Grammatical gender; Language; Sexist attitudes

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350613214     PISSN: 03600025     EISSN: 15732762     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11199-009-9696-3     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Baxter, J., & Kane, E. W. (1995). Dependence and independence: a cross-national analysis of gender inequality and gender attitudes. Gender and Society, 9, 193-215.
2. Bem, S. L. (1993). The lenses of gender: Transforming the debate on sexual inequality. Binghamton: Yale University Press.
3. Berlin, B., & Kay, P. (1969). Basic color terms: Their universality and evolution. Berkeley: University of California Press.
4. Campbell, B., Schellenberg, E. G., & Senn, C. Y. (1997). Evaluating measures of contemporary sexism. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1, 89-102.
5. Capozza, D., Bonaldo, E., & Dimaggio, A. (1982). Problems of identity and social conflict: Research on ethnic groups in Italy. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Social identity and intergroup relations (pp. 299-344). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
6. Clark, K. B., & Clark, M. P. (1947). Racial identification and preference in Negro children. In T. M. Newcomb & E. L. Hartley (Eds.), Readings in social psychology (pp. 169-178). New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
7. Corbett, G. G., & Davies, I. R. L. (1997). A cross-cultural study of colour grouping: evidence for weak linguistic relativity. British Journal of Psychology, 88, 493-517.
8. Decure, N. (1994). The difficulties of teaching a 'man-made language'. Women and Language, 17, 36.
9. Dollard, J., Doob, L. W., Miller, N. E., Mowrer, O. H., & Sears, R. R. (1939). Frustration and aggression. New Haven: Yale University Press.
10. Eisenberg, D. (1985). Grammatical sexism in Spanish. Journal of Hispanic Philology, 9, 189-196.
11. Everett, D. L. (2005). Cultural constraints on grammar and cognition in Pirahã. Current Anthropology, 46, 621-646.
12. Ferligoj, A., Frieze, I. H., & Marinaga, Y. (1993). Career plans and gender-role attitudes of college students in the United States, Japan, and Slovenia. Sex Roles, 29, 317-334.
13. Gibbons, J. L., Shkodriani, G. M., & Stiles, D. A. (1991). Adolescents' attitudes toward family and gender roles: an international comparison. Sex Roles, 25, 625-643.
14. Hahn, E. D., & Spence, J. T. (1997). The attitudes toward women scale and attitude change in college students. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 17-34.
15. Hamilton, M. C. (1988). Using masculine generics: does generic he increase male bias in the user's imagery? Sex Roles, 19, 785-793.
16. Jacobson, M. B., & Insko, W. R., Jr. (1985). Use of nonsexist pronouns as a function of one's feminist orientation. Sex Roles, 13, 1-7.
17. Jost, J. T. (1995). Negative illusions: conceptual clarification and psychological evidence concerning false consciousness. Political Psychology, 16, 397-424.
18. Jost, J. T. (1997). An experimental replication of the depressed-entitlement effect among women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 21, 387-393.
19. Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justification and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1-27.
20. Labrosse, C. (1999). The common-gender in French: a promising way to eliminate sexism. Women and Language, 22, 56.
21. Lenneberg, E. H. (1953). Cognition in ethnolinguistics. Language, 29, 463-471.
22. Major, B. (1994). From social inequality to personal entitlement: the role of social comparisons, legitimacy appraisals, and group memberships. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 293-355.
23. Parks, J. B., & Roberton, M. A. (1998). Contemporary arguments against nonsexist language: Blaubergs (1980) revisited. Sex Roles, 39, 445-461.
24. Pinker, S. (1994). The language instinct: How the mind creates language. New York: Morrow.
25. Rowling, J. K. (2005a). Harry potter and the half-blood prince. New York: Scholastic.
26. Rowling, J. K. (2005b). Harry potter et le prince de sang-mêlé (trans: Ménard J.F.). Paris: Gallimard.
27. Rowling, J. K. (2006). Harry potter y el misterio del principe (trans: Rovira Ortega G.). Barcelona: Salamandra.
28. Rudman, L. A., & Kilianski, S. E. (2000). Implicit and explicit attitudes toward female authority. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1315-1328.
29. Tougas, F., Brown, R., Beaton, A. M., & Joly, S. (1995). Neosexism: plus ca change, plus c'est pareil. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 842-849.
30. Treas, J., & Widmer, E. D. (2000). Married women's employment over the life course: attitudes in a cross-national perspective. Social Force, 78, 1409-1436.
31. Whorf, B. (1956). Language, thought, reality. Cambridge: Technology Press of Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
32. Zimmer, T. A. (1975). Sexism in higher education: a cross-national analysis. Pacific Psychological Review, 18, 55-67.