Biodiversity and Lyme disease: Dilution or amplification?

Epidemics

Volumn 1, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 196-206

  Ogden, N H ^a   Tsao, J I ^b  

^a PUBLIC HEALTH AGENCY OF CANADA   (Canada)

^b MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Borrelia burgdorferi; Dilution effect; Ixodes scapularis; Lyme disease; Mathematical model

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIODIVERSITY; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; HOST RESISTANCE; IXODES SCAPULARIS; LYME DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; ARACHNID VECTORS; BIODIVERSITY; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; COMPUTER SIMULATION; DISEASE RESERVOIRS; HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS; IXODES; LARVA; LYME DISEASE; MICE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NYMPH; PEROMYSCUS;

EID: 70350574598     PISSN: 17554365     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2009.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Allan B.F., Keesing R.S., and Ostfeld F. Effects of habitat fragmentation on Lyme disease risk. Conserv. Biol. 17 (2003) 267-272
2. Barkalow Jr. F.S., Hamilton R.B., and Soots Jr. R.F. The vital statistics of an unexploited gray squirrel population. J. Wildlife Manage 34 (1970) 489-500
3. Battaly G.R., and Fish D. Relative importance of bird species as hosts for immature Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) in a suburban residential landscape of southern New York State. J. Med. Entomol. 30 (1993) 740-747
4. Begon M. Effects of host diversity on disease dynamics. In: Ostfeld R.S., Keesing F., and Eviner V. (Eds). Infectious Disease Ecology: Effects of Ecosystems on Disease and of Disease on Ecosystems (2008), Princeton University Press, Princeton 12-29
5. Bown K.J., Begon M., Bennett Z., Woldehiwet M., and Ogden N.H. Seasonal dynamics of Anaplasma phagocytophila in a rodent-tick (Ixodes trianguliceps) system, United Kingdom. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9 (2003) 63-70
6. Brisson D., and Dykhuizen D.E. ospC diversity in Borrelia burgdorferi: different hosts are different niches. Genetics 168 (2004) 713-722
7. Brisson D., Dykhuizen D.E., and Ostfeld R.S. Conspicuous impacts of inconspicuous hosts on the Lyme disease epidemic. Proc. Biol. Sci. 275 (2008) 227-235
8. Crooks E., and Randolph S.E. Walking by Ixodes ricinus ticks: intrinsic and extrinsic factors determine the attraction of moisture or host odour. Exp. Biol. 209 (2006) 2138-2142
9. Craig L.E., Norris D.E., Sanders M.L., Glass G.E., and Schwartz B.S. Acquired resistance and antibody response of raccoons (Procyon lotor) to sequential feedings of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae). Vet. Parasitol. 63 (1996) 291-301
10. Daniels T.J., and Fish D. Effect of deer exclusion on the abundance of immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing small and medium-sized mammals. J. Med. Entomol. 32 (1995) 5-11
11. Davidar P., Wilson W., and Ribeiro J.M.C. Differential distribution of immature Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) on rodent hosts. J. Parasitol. 75 (1989) 898-904
12. Derdáková M., Dudiòák V., Brei B., Brownstein J.S., Schwartz I., and Fish D. Interaction and transmission of two Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto strains in a tick-rodent maintenance system. Appl. Env. Microbiol. 70 (2004) 6783-6788
13. Dobson A. Population dynamics of pathogens with multiple host species. Am. Nat. 164 (2004) S64-S78
14. Dobson A., Cattadori I., Holt R.D., Ostfeld R.S., Keesing F., Krichbaum K., Rohr J.R., Perkins S.E., and Hudson P.J. Sacred cows and sympathetic squirrels: the importance of biological diversity to human health. PLoS Med. 3 (2006) e231
15. Donahue J.G., Piesman J., and Spielman A. Reservoir competence of white-footed mice for Lyme disease spirochetes. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 36 (1987) 92-96
16. Diuk-Wasser M.A., Gatewood A.G., Cortinas M.R., Yaremych-Hamer S., Tsao J., Kitron U., Hickling G., Brownstein J.S., Walker E., Piesman J., and Fish D. Spatiotemporal patterns of host-seeking Ixodes scapularis nymphs (Acari: Ixodidae) in the United States. J. Med. Entomol. 43 (2006) 166-176
17. Dizij A., and Kurtenbach K. Clethrionomys glareolus, but not Apodemus flavicollis, acquires resistance to Ixodes ricinus L., the main European vector of Borrelia burgdorferi. Parasite Immunol. 17 (1995) 177-183
18. Ezenwa V.O., Godsey M.S., King R.J., and Guptill S.C. Avian diversity and West Nile virus: testing associations between biodiversity and infectious disease risk. Proc. Biol. Sci. 273 (2006) 109-117
19. Falco R.C., McKenna D.F., Daniels T.J., Nadelman R.B., Nowakowski J., Fish D., and Wormser G.P. Temporal relation between Ixodes scapularis abundance and risk for Lyme disease associated with erythema migrans. Am. J. Epidemiol. 149 (1999) 771-776
20. Hanincová K., Kurtenbach K., Diuk-Wasser M., Brei B., and Fish D. Epidemic spread of Lyme borreliosis, northeastern United States. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12 (2006) 604-611
21. Hosseini P.R., Dhondt A.A., and Dobson A. Seasonality and wildlife disease: how seasonal birth, aggregation and variation in immunity affect the dynamics of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in house finches. Proc. Biol. Sci. 271 (2004) 2569-2577
22. Jones C.G., Ostfeld R.S., Richard M.P., Schauber E.M., and Wolff J.O. Chain reactions linking acorns to gypsy moth outbreaks and Lyme disease risk. Science 279 (1998) 1023-1026
23. Keeling M.J., and Grenfell B.T. Understanding the persistence of measles: reconciling theory, simulation and observation. Proc. Biol. Sci. 269 (2002) 335-343
24. Keirans J.E., Hutcheson H.J., Durden L.A., and Klompen J.S.H. Ixodes (Ixodes) scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): redescription of all active stages, distribution, hosts, geographical variation, and medical and veterinary importance. J. Med. Entomol. 33 (1996) 297-318
25. Keesing F., Holt R.D., and Ostfeld R.S. Effects of species diversity on disease risk. Ecol. Lett. 9 (2006) 485-498
26. Kitron U., Jones C.J., and Bouseman J.K. Spatial and temporal dispersion of immature Ixodes dammini o on Peromyscus leucopus in northwestern Illinois. J. Parasitology 77 (1991) 945-949
27. Kurtenbach K., Hanincová K., Tsao J., Margos G., Fish D., and Ogden N.H. Key processes in the evolutionary ecology of Lyme borreliosis. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 4 (2006) 660-669
28. Levin M.L., and Fish D. Density-dependent factors regulating feeding success of Ixodes scapularis larvae (Acari: Ixodidae). J.. Parasitol. 84 (1998) 36-43
29. Levin M.L., Nicholson W.L., Massung R.F., Sumner J.W., and Fish D. Comparison of the reservoir competence of medium-sized mammals and Peromyscus leucopus for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Connecticut. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2 (2002) 125-136
30. Lindsay, L. R., 1995. Factors limiting the density of the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis, in Ontario, Canada. PhD Thesis, University of Guelph.
31. Lo Giudice K., Ostfeld R.S., Schmidt K.A., and Keesing F. The ecology of infectious disease: effects of host diversity and community composition on Lyme disease risk. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100 (2003) 567-571
32. Long C.A. Ecological replacement of the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, by the white-footed mouse, P. leucopus, in the Great Lakes region. Can. Field Nat. 110 (1996) 271-277
33. Mannelli A., Kitron U., Jones C.J., and Slajchert T.L. Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae) infestation on medium-sized mammals and blue jays in northwestern Illinois. J. Med. Entomol. 30 (1993) 950-952
34. Mannelli A., Kitron U., Jones C.J., and Slajchert T.L. Influence of season and habitat on Ixodes scapularis infestation on white-footed mice in northwestern Illinois. J. Parasitol. 80 (1994) 1038-1042
35. Mather T.N., Wilson M.L., Moore S.I., Ribeiro J.M., and Spielman A. Comparing the relative potential of rodents as reservoirs of the Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi). Am. J. Epidemiol. 130 (1989) 143-150
36. Mount G.A., Haile D.G., and Daniels E. Simulation of blacklegged tick (Acari: Ixodidae) population dynamics and transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi. J. Med. Entomol. 34 (1997) 461-484
37. Norman R., Bowers R.G., Begon M., and Hudson P.J. Persistence of tick-borne virus in the presence of multiple host species: tick reservoirs and parasite-mediated competition. J. Theor. Biol. 200 (1999) 111-118
38. Nupp T.E., and Swihart R.K. Assessing competition between forest rodents in a fragmented landscape of midwestern USA. Mammalian Biology 66 (2001) 345-356
39. Ogden N.H., Bigras-Poulin M., Barker I.K., Lindsay L.R., Maarouf A., O Callaghan C.J., Smoyer-Tomic K.E., Waltner-Toews D., and Charron D. A dynamic population model to investigate effects of climate on geographic range and seasonality of the tick Ixodes scapularis. Int. J. Parasitol. 35 (2005) 375-389
40. Ogden N.H., Bigras-Poulin M., O Callaghan C.J., Barker I.K., Kurtenbach K., Lindsay L.R., and Charron D.F. Vector seasonality, host infection dynamics and fitness of pathogens transmitted by the tick Ixodes scapularis. Parasitology 134 (2007) 209-227
41. Ogden N.H., Lindsay R.L., Sockett P.N., Morshed M., and Artsob H. The rising challenge of Lyme disease in Canada. Can. Comm. Dis. Rep. 34 (2008) 1-19
42. Ogden N.H., St-Onge L., Barker I.K., Brazeau S., Bigras-Poulin M., Charron D.F., Francis C.M., Heagy A., Lindsay L.R., Maarouf A., Michel P., Milord F., O Callaghan C.J., Trudel L., and Thompson R.A. Risk maps for range expansion of the Lyme disease vector, Ixodes scapularis, in Canada now and with climate change. Int. J. Hlth. Geogr. 7 (2008) 24
43. Ostfeld R.S., and Keesing F. Biodiversity and disease risk: the case of Lyme disease. Conserv. Biol. 14 (2000) 722-728
44. Ostfeld R.S., and Keesing F. The function of biodiversity in the ecology of vector-borne zoonotic diseases. Can. J. Zool. 78 (2000) 2061-2078
45. Ostfeld R.S., Schauber E.M., Canham C.D., Keesing F., Jones C.G., and Wolff J.O. Effects of acorn production and mouse abundance on abundance and Borrelia burgdorferi infection prevalence of nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 1 (2001) 55-63
46. Ostfeld R.S., Canham C.D., Oggenfuss K., Winchcombe R.J., and Keesing F. Climate, deer, rodents, and acorns as determinants of variation in Lyme disease risk. PLoS Biol. 4 (2006) e145
47. Rand P.W., Lacombe E.H., Smith Jr. R.P., and Ficker J. Participation of birds (Aves) in the emergence of Lyme disease in Southern Maine. J. Med. Entomol. 35 (1998) 270-276
48. Rand P.W., Lubelczyk C., Lavigne G.R., Elias S., Holman M.S., Lacombe E.H., and Smith Jr. R.P. Deer density and the abundance of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae). J. Med. Entomol. 40 (2003) 179-184
49. Randolph S.E. Ticks are not insects: consequences of contrasting vector biology for transmission potential. Parasitol. Today 14 (1998) 186-192
50. Randolph S.E. Tick ecology: processes and patterns behind the epidemiological risk posed by ixodid ticks as vectors. Parasitology 129 (2004) S37-S65
51. Randolph S.E., and Steele G.M. An experimental evaluation of conventional control measures against the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus (L) (Acari: Ixodidae). II. The dynamics of the tick-host interaction. Bull. Entomol. Res. 75 (1985) 501-518
52. Randolph S.E., Mikslová D., Rogers D.J., and Labuda M. Incidence from coincidence: patterns of tick infestations on rodents facilitate transmission of tick-borne encephalitis virus. Parasitology 118 (1999) 177-186
53. Reiter P. Climate change and mosquito-borne disease. Environ. Health Persp. 109 (2001) S141-S161
54. Schmidt K.A., and Ostfeld R.S. Biodiversity and the dilution effect in disease ecology. Ecology 82 (2001) 609-619
55. Schmidt K.A., Ostfeld R.S., and Schauber E.M. Infestation of Peromyscus leucopus and Tamias striatus by Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) in relation to the abundance of hosts and parasites. J. Med. Entomol. 36 (1999) 749-757
56. Schmidt K.A., Manson R., and Lewis D. Voles competing with mice: differentiating exploitative, interference and apparent competition using patch use theory. Evol. Ecol. Res. 7 (2005) 273-286
57. Schulte-Hostedde A.I., and Brooks R.J. An experimental test of habitat selection by rodents of Algonquin Park. Can. J. Zool. 75 (1997) 1989-1993
58. Shaw M.T., Keesing F., McGrail R., and Ostfeld R.S. Factors influencing the distribution of larval blacklegged ticks on rodent hosts. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 68 (2003) 447-452
59. Slajchert T., Kitron U.D., Jones C.J., and Mannelli A. Role of the eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus) in the epizootiology of Lyme borreliosis in northwestern Illinois, USA. J. Wild. Dis. 33 (1997) 40-46
60. Smith K.F., and Carpenter S.M. Potential spread of introduced black rat (Rattus rattus) parasites to endemic deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) on the California Channel Islands. Diversity Distrib. 12 (2006) 742-748
61. Sonenshine D.E. Pheromones and other semiochemicals of ticks and their use in tick control. Parasitology 129 (2004) S405-S425
62. Thompson C., Spielman A., and Krause P.J. Coinfecting deer-associated zoonoses: Lyme disease, Babesiosis, and Ehrlichiosis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 33 (2001) 676-685
63. Tryon C.A., and Snyder D.P. Biology of the eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus: life tables, age distributions, and trends in population numbers. J. Mammal. 54 (1973) 145-168
64. Tsao J.I., Wootton J.T., Bunikis J., Luna M.G., Fish D., and Barbour A.G. An ecological approach to preventing human infection: vaccinating wild mouse reservoirs intervenes in the Lyme disease cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101 (2004) 18159-18164
65. Van Buskirk J., and Ostfeld R.S. Controlling Lyme disease by modifying density and species composition of tick hosts. Ecol. Appl. 5 (1995) 1133-1140
66. Wilson M.L., Levine J.F., and Spielman A. Effect of deer reduction on abundance of the deer tick (Ixodes dammini). Yale J. Biol. Med. 57 (1984) 697-705
67. Young H. Breeding behavior and nesting of the eastern robin. Am. Midl. Nat. 53 (1955) 329-352