The ecology of parasites of freshwater fishes: The search for patterns

Parasitology

Volumn 136, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 1653-1662

  Kennedy, C R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Competition; Equilibrium; Nestedness; Niche; Parasite communities; Parasite populations; Persistence; Regulation; Stability

Indexed keywords

ACANTHOCEPHALUS; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ECOLOGICAL NICHE; FRESHWATER FISH; HELMINTH; HOST PARASITE INTERACTION; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; NONHUMAN; ORGANISM COMMUNITY; PARASITISM; PHYLOGENY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION REGULATION; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; REVIEW; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPECIES INVASION; STOCHASTIC MODEL;

ANIMALS; ECOSYSTEM; FISH DISEASES; FISHES; FRESH WATER; HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONS; PARASITES; SPECIES SPECIFICITY;

PISCES; VERMES;

EID: 70350564268     PISSN: 00311820     EISSN: 14698161     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0031182009005794     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Anderson, R. M. (1978). The regulation of host population growth by parasitic species. Parasitology 76, 119-157.
2. Anderson, R. M. and May, R. M. (1978). Regulation and stability of host-parasite interactions: I. Regulatory processes. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 219-247.
3. Andrewartha, H. A. and Birch, L. C. (1954). Distribution and Abundance of Animals. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, USA.
4. Ashworth, S. T. and Kennedy, C. R. (1999). Density-dependent effects on Angullicola crassus (Nematoda) within its European eel definitive host. Parasitology 118, 289-296.
5. Bates, R. M. and Kennedy, C. R. (1990). Interactions between the acanthocephalans Pomphorhynchus laevis and Acanthocephalus anguillae in rainbow trout: Testing an exclusion hypothesis. Parasitology 100, 435-444.
6. Brown, A. F. (1986). Evidence for density-dependent establishment and survival of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Muller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) in laboratory-infected Salmo gairdneri Richardson and its bearing on wild populations in Leuciscus cephalus (L.). Journal of Fish Biology 28, 659-669.
7. Bush, A. O., Aho, J. M. and Kennedy, C. R. (1990). Ecological versus phylogenetic determinants of helminth parasite community richness. Evolutionary Ecology 4, 1-20.
8. Bush, A. O., La.erty, K. D., Lotz, J. M. and Shostack, A. W. (1997). Parasitology meets ecology on its own terms: Margolis et al. revisited. Journal of Parasitology 83, 575-583.
9. Bush, A. O., Fernández, J. C., Esch, G. W. and Seed, J. R. (2001). Parasitism. The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
10. Byrne, C. J., Holland, C. V., Kennedy, C. R. and Poole, W. R. (2003). Interspecificc interactions between Acanthocephala in the intestine of brown trout: Are they more frequent in Ireland? Parasitology 127, 399-409.
11. Carney, J. P. and Dick, T. A. (2000). Helminth communities of yellow perch (Perca .avescens (Mitchill). Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, 538-555.
12. Chappell, L. H. (1969). Competitive exclusion between two intestinal parasites of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Journal of Parasitology 55, 775-778.
13. Choudhury, A. and Dick, T. A. (2000). Richness and diversity of helminth communities in tropical freshwater fishes: Empirical evidence. Journal of Biogeography 27, 935-956.
14. Crofton, H. D. (1971a). A quantitative approach to parasitism. Parasitology 62, 179-193.
15. Crofton, H. D. (1971b). A model of host-parasite relationships. Parasitology 63, 343-364.
16. Dezfuli, B. S., Giari, L., DeBiaggi, S. and Poulin, R. (2001). Association and interactions among intestinal helminths of the brown trout, Salmo trutta, in northern Italy. Journal of Helminthology 75, 331-336.
17. Diamond, J. M. (1975). Assembly of species communities. In Ecology and Evolution of Communities (ed. Cody, M. L. and Diamond, J. M.), pp. 342-444. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.
18. Dobson, A. P. (1985). The population dynamics of competition between parasites. Parasitology 66, 317-347.
19. Dogiel, V. A. (1961). Ecology of the parasites of freshwater fishes. In Parasitology of Fishes (ed. Dogiel, V. A., Petrushevski, G. K. and Polyanski, Yu. I.), pp. 1-47. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London, UK.
20. Dogiel, V. A. (1964). General Parasitology. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London, UK.
21. Dogiel, V. A., Petrushevski, G. K. and Polyanski, Yu. I. (1961). Parasitology of Fishes. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh and London, UK.
22. Dove, A. D. M. and Fletcher, A. S. (2000). The distribution of the introduced tapeworm Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in Australian freshwater fishes. Journal of Helminthology 74, 121-127.
23. Esch, G. W., Kennedy, C. R., Bush, A. O. and Aho, J. M. (1988). Patterns in helminth communities in freshwater fish in Great Britain: Alternative strategies for colonisation. Parasitology 96, 519-532.
24. Fazio, G., Sasal, P., Da Silva, C., Furnet, B., Boissier, J., Lecompte-Finiger, R. and Moné, H. (2008). Regulation of Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda) infrapopulations in their definitive host the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Parasitology 135, 1707-1716.
25. Font, W. F. (1998). Parasites in paradise: Patterns of helminth distribution in Hawaiian stream fishes. Journal of Helminthology 72, 307-311.
26. Grey, A. J. and Hayunga, E. G. (1980). Evidence for alternative site selection by Glaridacris laruei (Cestoidea: Caryophyllidea) as a result of intespecificc competition. Journal of Parasitology 66, 371-372.
27. Guégan, J.-F. and Kennedy, C. R. (1993). Maximum local helminth parasite community richeness in British freshwater fish: A test of the colonisation time hypothesis. Parasitology 106, 91-100.
28. Holmes, J. C. (1973). Site segregation by parasitic helminths: interspecificc I interactions, site segregation, and their importance to the development of helminth communities. Canadian Journal of Zoology 51, 333-347.
29. Holmes, J. C. (1982). Impact of infectious disease agents on the population growth and geographical distribution of animals. In Population Biology of Infectious Diseases (ed. Anderson, R. M. and May, R. M.). pp. 37-51. Dahlem Konferenzem. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
30. Holmes, J. C. and Price, P. W. (1986). Communities of parasites. In Community Ecology: Pattern and Process (ed. Kikkawa, J. and Andersen, D. J.), pp. 187-213.
31. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
32. Holmes, J. C., Hobbs, R. P. and Leong, T. S. (1977). Populations in persepective: Community organisation and regulation of parasites populations. In Regulation of Parasite Populations (ed. Esch, G. W.), pp. 209-245. Academic Press, New York, USA.
33. Karvonen, A., Bagge, A. M. and Valtonen, E. T. (2007). Inter-specificc and intra-specificc interactions in the monogenean communities of fish: A question of study scale? Parasitology 134, 1237-1242.
34. Kennedy, C. R. (1970). The population biology of helminths of British freshwater fish. In Aspects of Fish Parasitology (ed. Taylor, A. E. R. and Muller, R.), pp. 145-159. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.
35. Kennedy, C. R. (1976). Reproduction and dispersal. In Ecological Aspects of Parasitology (ed. Kennedy, C. R.), pp. 143-160. North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
36. Kennedy, C. R. (1990). Helminth communities in freshwater fish: Structured communities or stochastic assemblages? In Parasite Communities: Patterns and Processes (ed. Esch, G. W., Bush, A. O. and Aho, J. M.), pp. 131-156. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.
37. Kennedy, C. R. (1993). The dynamics of helminth communities in eels Anguilla anguilla in a small stream: long term changes in richness and structure. Parasitology 107, 71-78.
38. Kennedy, C. R. (1994). The ecology of introductions. In Parasitic Diseases of Fish (ed. Pike, A. W. and Lewis, J. W.), pp. 189-208. Samara Publishing Ltd, Tresaith, UK.
39. Kennedy, C. R. (1995). Richness and diversity of macroparasite communities in tropical eels Anguilla reinhardtii in Queensland, Australia. Parasitology 111, 233-245.
40. Kennedy, C. R. (1996). Establishment, survival and site selection of the cestode Eubothrium crassum in brown trout Salmo trutta. Parasitology 112, 347-355.
41. Kennedy, C. R. (1997). Long-term and seasonal changes in composition and richness of intestinal helminth communities in eels Anguilla anguilla of an isolated English river. Folia Parasitologica 44, 267-273.
42. Kennedy, C. R. (2001a). Interspecificc interactions between larval digeneans in the eyes of perch, Perca .uviatilis. Parasitology 122, S13-S22.
43. Kennedy, C. R. (2001b). Metapopulation and community dynamics of helminth parasites of eels Anguilla anguilla in the River Exe system. Parasitology 122, 689-698.
44. Kennedy, C. R. and Bush, A. O. (1992). Species richness in helminth communities: The importance of multiple congeners. Parasitology 104, 189-197.
45. Kennedy, C. R. and Bush, A. O. (1994). The relationship between pattern and scale in parasite communities: A stranger in an strange land. Parasitology 109, 187-196.
46. Kennedy, C. R. and Guégan, J.-F. (1994). Regional versus local helminth parasite species richness in British freshwater fish: Saturated or unsaturated parasite communities? Parasitology 109, 187-196.
47. Kennedy, C. R. and Guégan, J.-F. (1996). The number of niches in intestinal communities of Anguilla anguilla: Are there enough spaces for parasites? Parasitology 113, 293-302.
48. Kennedy, C. R. and Moriarty, C. (2002). Long-term stability in the richness and structure of helminth communities in eels, Anguilla anguilla, in Lough Derg, River Shannon, Ireland. Journal of Helminthology 76, 315-322.
49. Kennedy, C. R. and Rumpus, A. (1977). Long term changes in the size of the Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) population in the River Avon. Journal of Fish Biology 10, 35-42.
50. Kennedy, C. R., Bush, A. O. and Aho, J. M. (1986). Patterns in helminth communities: why are birds and fish different? Parasitology 93, 205-215.
51. Kennedy, C. R., Shears, P. C. and Shears, J. A. (2001). Long-term dynamics of Ligula intestinalis and roach Rutilus rutilus : A study of three epizooitc cycles over thirty one years. Parasitology 123, 257-269.
52. Kikkawa, J. and Anderson, D. J. (1986). Community Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
53. Lawton, J. H. (1999). Are there general laws in ecology? Oikos 84, 177-192.
54. MacArthur, R. H. (1972). Geographical Ecology: Patterns in the Distribution of Species. Harper and Row, New York, USA.
55. MacArthur, R. H. and Wilson, E. O. (1967). The Theory of Island Biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
56. Marcogliese, D. J. and Cone, D. K. (1998). Comparison of richness and diversity of macroparasite communities among eels from Nova Scotia, the United Kingdom and Australia. Parasitology 116, 73-83.
57. May, R. M. and Anderson, R. M. (1978). Regulation and stability of host-parasite interactions: II Destabilising processes. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 249-268.
58. Mouillot, D., George-Nascimento, M. and Poulin, R. (2003). How parasites divide resources: A test of the niche apportionment hypothesis. Journal of Animal Ecology 72, 757-764.
59. Mouillot, D., George-Nascimento, M. and Poulin, R. (2005). Richness, structure and functioning in metazoan parasite communities. Oikos 109, 447-460.
60. Munoz, S. A. and George-Nascimento, M. (2008). The effects of Anonchocephalus chilensis Riggenbach (Eucestoda: Bothriocephalidae) on infracommunity patterns in Genypterus maculatus Tschudi (Osteichthyes: Ophidiidae). Journal of Helminthology 82, 221-226.
61. Norton, J., Lewis, J. W. and Rollinson, D. (2004a). Temporal and spatial patterns of nestedness in eel macroparasite communities. Parasitology 129, 203-211.
62. Norton, J., Rollinson, D. and Lewis, J. W. (2004b). Patterns of infracommunity richness in eels, Anguilla anguilla. Journal of Helminthology 78, 141-146.
63. O' Mahony, E. M., Bradley, D. G., Kennedy, C. R. and Holland, C. V. (2004). Evidence for the hypothesis of strain formation in Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala): An investigation using DNA sequences. Parasitology 129, 341-347.
64. Poulin, R. (2001a). Interactions between species and the structure of helminth communities. Parasitology 122, S3-S11.
65. Poulin, R. (2001b). Another look at the richness of helminth communities in tropical freshwater fish. Journal of Biogeography 28, 737-743.
66. Poulin, R. (2007a). Evolutionary Ecology of Parasites. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
67. Poulin, R. (2007b). Are there general laws in parasite ecology? Parasitology 134, 763-776.
68. Poulin, R. and Guégan, J.-F. (2000). Nestedness, antinestedness and the relationship between prevalence and intensity in ectoparasite assemblages of marine fish: A spatial model of species coexistence. International Journal for Parasitology 30, 1147-1152.
69. Poulin, R. and Luque, J. L. (2003). A general test of the interactive-isolationist continuum in gastrointestinal parasite communities of fish. International Journal for Parasitology 33, 1623-1630.
70. Poulin, R. and Morand, S. (1999). Geographical distances and the similarity amongst parasite communities of conspecificc host populations. Parasitology 119, 369-374.
71. Poulin, R. and Morand, S. (2000). The diversity of parasites. Quarterly Review of Biology 75, 277-293.
72. Poulin, R. and Valtonen, E. T. (2001). Nested assemblages resulting from host size variation: The case of endoparasitic communities in fish hosts. International Journal for Parasitology 31, 1194-1204.
73. Poulin, R. and Valtonen, E. T. (2002). The predictability of helminth community structure in space: A comparison of fish populations from adjacent lakes. International Journal for Parasitology 32, 1235-1243.
74. Price, P. W. (1980). Evolutionary Biology of Parasites. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
75. Price, P. W. (1984). Communities of specialists : Vacant niches in ecological and evolutionary time. In Ecological Communities (ed. Strong, D. R., Simberlo., D., Abele, L. G. and Thistle, A. B.), pp. 510-523. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA.
76. Rohde, K. (1979). A critical evaluation of intrinsic and extrinsic factors responsible for niche restriction in parasites. American Naturalist 114, 648-671.
77. Rohde, K. (1994). Niche restriction in parasites: Proximate and ultimate causes. Parasitology 109, 569-584.
78. Rohde, K. (2005). Nonequilibrium Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
79. Salgado-Maldonado, G. and Kennedy, C. R. (1997). Richness and diversity of helminth communities in a tropical cichlid fish in Mexico. Parasitology 114, 581-590.
80. Šimková , A., Sasal, P., Kadlec, D. and Gelnar, M. (2001). Water temperature in.uencing dactylogyrid species communities in roach, Rutilus rutilus, in the Czech Republic. Journal of Helminthology 75, 373-383.
81. Smith, H. D. (1973). Observations on the cestode Eubothrium salvelini in juvenile sockeye salmon (Onchorhynchus nerka) at Babine Lake, British Columbia. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 30, 947-964.
82. Sures, B. and Streit, B. (2001). Eel parasite diversity and intermediate host abundance in the River Rhine, Germany. Parasitology 123, 185-191.
83. Sures, B., Knopf, K., Wurtz, J. and Hirt, J. (1999). Richness and diversity of parasite communities in European eels Anguilla anguilla of the River Rhine, Germany, with special reference to helminth parasites. Parasitology 119, 323-330.
84. Takemoto, S., Pavanelli, G. C., Lizana, M. A. P., Luque, J. L. and Poulin, R. (2005). Host population density as the major determinant of endoparasite species richness in .oodplain fishes of the upper Paraná River, Brazil. (2005). Journal of Helminthology 79, 75-83.
85. Taraschewski, H., Moravec, F., Lamah, T. and Anders, K. (1987). Distribution and morphology of two helminths recently introduced into European eel populations: Anguillicola crassus (Nematoda; Dracunculidae) and Paratenuisentis ambiguus (Acanthocephala; Teunuisentidae). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 3, 167-176.
86. Timi, J. T. and Poulin, R. (2008). Difierent methods, Difierent results: Temporal trends in the study of nested subset patterns in parasite communities. Parasitology 135, 131-138.
87. Townsend, C. R., Harper, J. L. and Begon, M. (2000). Essentials of Ecology. Blackwell Science Inc., Malsen, MA, USA.
88. Uznanski, R. L. and Nickol, B. B. (1982). Site selection, growth and survival of Leptorhynchoides thecatus (Acanthocephala) during the prepatent period in Lepomis cyanellus. Journal of Parasitology 68, 686-690.
89. Vidal-Martinez, V. M. and Kennedy, C. R. (2000). Potential interactions between the intestinal helminths of the cichlid fish Cichlasoma synspilum from southeastern Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 86, 691-695.
90. Vidal-Martinez, V. M. and Poulin, R. (2003). Spatial and temporal repeatability in parasite community structure of tropical fish hosts. Parasitology 127, 387-398.