Molds, mycotoxins, and sick building syndrome

Toxicology and Industrial Health

Volumn 25, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 617-635

  Straus, David C ^a  

^a TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Molds; mycotoxins; Penicillium chrysogenum; sick building syndrome; Stachybotrys chartarum

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN; MYCOTOXIN; TRICHOTHECENE;

AIR SAMPLING; ALLERGY; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONIDIUM; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FUNGAL COLONIZATION; FUNGUS CULTURE; FUNGUS GROWTH; FUNGUS SPORE; HUMAN; HUMIDITY; MOULD; NONHUMAN; PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SENSITIZATION; SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; STACHYBOTRYS CHARTARUM; WATER SUPPLY;

AIR POLLUTION, INDOOR; ANIMALS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HUMANS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MICE; MYCOTOXINS; PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM; SICK BUILDING SYNDROME; STACHYBOTRYS; WATER MICROBIOLOGY;

FUNGI; MUS; PENICILLIUM CHRYSOGENUM; STACHYBOTRYS CHARTARUM;

EID: 70350507150     PISSN: 07482337     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0748233709348287     Document Type: Review

References (44)

1. Blackly CH (1959) Experimental researches on the causes and nature of catarrhus aestivus (hay fever or hay asthma). London: Dawson Publishing Co. (reprinted from Cailliere, Tindall, and Cox, 1873), p. 57-58.
2. Bozza S., Gaziano R., Spreca A., et al. (2002) Dendritic cells transport conidia and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus from the airways to the draining lymph nodes and initiate disparate Th responses to the fungus. Journal of Immunology 168: 1362-1371.
3. Brasel TL, Campbell AW, Demers RE, et al. (2004) Detection of trichothecene mycotoxins in sera from individuals exposed to Stachybotrys chartarum in indoor environments. Archives of Environmental Health 59: 317-323.
4. Brasel TL, Douglas DR, Wilson SC, and Straus DC (2005a) Detection of airborne Stachybotrys chartarum macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins on particulates smaller than conidia. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71: 114-122.
5. Brasel TL, Martin JM, Carriker CG, Wilson SC, and Straus DC (2005b) Detection of airborne Stachybotrys chartarum macrocyclic trichothecene mycotoxins in the indoor environment. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71: 7376-7388.
6. Campbell JA, Kryda MJ, Treuhaft, MW, Marx JJ, Jr and Roberts RC (1983) Cheese worker’s hypersensitivity pneumonitis. American Reviews of Respiratory Disease 127: 495-496.
7. Chung Y.-J, Jarvis BB, Tak H., and Pestka JJ (2003) Immunochemical assay for satratoxin G and other macrocyclic trichothecenes associated with indoor air contamination by Stachybotrys chartarum. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 13: 247-252.
8. Cooley JD, Wong WC, Jumper CA, and Straus DC (1998) Correlation between the prevalence of certain fungi and sick building syndrome. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 55: 579-584.
9. Cooley JD, Wong WC, Jumper CJ, and Straus DC (2004) Fungi and the indoor environment: Their impact on human health. In: Straus DC (ed.) Sick building syndrome, advances in applied microbiology, volume 55. San Diego, CA: Elsevier Inc., p.3-30.
10. Cooley JD, Wong WC, Jumper CA, et al. (2000) An animal model for allergic penicilliosis induced by the intranasal instillation of viable Penicillium chrysogenum conidia. Thorax 55: 489-496.
11. Cooley JD, Wong WC, Jumper CA, and Straus DC (1999) Cellular and humoral responses in an animal model inhaling Penicillium chrysogenum spores. In: Johanning E, (ed.) Proceedings of the third international conference on bioaerosols, fungi, and mycotoxins, Albany, NY: Eastern New York Occupational and Environmental Health Center, p.403-410.
12. Croft WA, Jarvis BB, and Yatawara CS (1986) Airborne outbreak of trichothecene toxicosis. Atmospheric Environment 20: 549-552.
13. Dales RE, Burnett R., and Zwanenburg H. (1991) Adverse health effects among adults exposed to home dampness and molds. American Reviews of Respiratory Disease 143: 505-509.
14. Di Paolo N., Guarnieri A., Loi F., Sacchi G., Mangiarotti AM, and Di Paolo M. (1993) Acute renal failure from inhalation of mycotoxins. Nephron 64: 621-625.
15. Elidemir O., Colasurdo GN, Rossmann SN, and Fan LL (1999) Isolation of Stachybotrys from the lung of a child with pulmonary hemosiderosis. Pediatrics 104: 964-966.
16. Engelhart S., Loock A., Skutlarek D., et al. (2002) Occurrence of toxigenic Aspergillus versicolor isolates and sterigmatocystin in carpet dust from damp indoor environments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68: 3886-3890.
17. Flappan SM, Portnoy J., Jones P., and Barnes C. (1999) Infant pulmonary hemorrhage in a suburban home with water damage and mold (Stachybotrys atra). Environmental Health Perspectives 107: 927-930.
18. Gent JF, Ren P., Belanger K., et al. (2002) Levels of household mold associated with respiratory symptoms in the first year of life in a cohort at risk for asthma. Environmental Health Perspectives 110: A781-A786.
19. Goodwin W., Haas CD, Fabian C., Heller-Bettinger I., and Hoogstraten B. (1978) Phase 1 evaluation of anguidine (diacetoxyscirpenol, NSC-141537) Cancer 42: 23-26.
20. Gregory L., Pestka JJ, Dearborn DG, and Rand TG (2004) Localization of satratoxin-G in Stachybotrys chartarum spores and spore-impacted mouse lung using immunocytochemistry. Toxologic Pathology 32: 26-34.
21. Hinkley SF, Jarvis BB (2001) Chromatographic method for Stachybotrys toxins. In: Trucksess MC and Pohland AE (eds.) Methods in Molecular Biology Vol. 157: Mycotoxin protocols, Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, p.173-194.
22. Holt PG, Stumbles PA, and McWilliam AS (1999) Functional studies on dendritic cells in the respiratory tract and related mucosal tissues. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 66: 272-275.
23. Jaakkola MS, Nordman H., Piipari R., et al. (2002) Indoor dampness and molds and development of adult-onset asthma: a population-based incident case-control study. Environmental Health Perspectives 110: 543-547.
24. Johanning E., Biagini R., Hull D., Morey P., Jarvis B., and Landsbergis P. (1996) Health and immunology study following exposure to toxigenic fungi (Stachybotrys chartarum) in a water-damaged office environment. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 68: 207-218.
25. Karunasena E., Cooley JD, Straus D., and Straus DC (2004) Protein translation inhibition by Stachybotrys chartarum conidia with and without the mycotoxin containing polysaccharide matrix. Mycopathologia 158: 87-97.
26. Karunasena E., Markham N., Brasel T., Cooley JD, and Straus DC (2000) Evaluation of fungal growth on cellulose containing and inorganic ceiling tile. Mycopathologia 150: 91-95.
27. Kavaler L. (1965) Mushrooms, molds, and miracles: The strange realm of fungi. Colorado Springs, CO: John Day Co.
28. Leviticus. The Bible (Old Testament) 14:33-45.
29. Licorish K., Novey HS, Kozack P., Fairshter RD, and Wilson AF (1985) Role of Alternaria and Penicillium spores in the pathogenesis of asthma. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 76: 819-825.
30. McGrath JJ, Wong WC, Cooley JD, and Straus DC (1999) Continually measured fungal profiles in sick building syndrome. Current Microbiology 38: 33-36.
31. Murphy WK, Burgess MA, Valdivieso M., Livingston RB, Bodey GP, and Freireich EJ (1978) Phase 1 clinical evaluation of anguidine. Cancer Treatment Reports 62: 1497-1502.
32. Nielsen KF, Gravesen S., Nielsen PA, Andersen B., Thrane U., and Frisvad JC (1999) Production of mycotoxins on artificially and naturally infested building materials. Mycopathologia 145: 43-56.
33. Nieminen SM, Karki R., Auriola S., et al. (2002) Isolation and identification of Aspergillus fumigatus mycotoxins on growth medium and some building materials. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68: 4871- 4875.
34. Nikulin M., Pasanen AL, Berg S., and Hintikka EL (1994) Stachybotrys atra growth and toxin production in some building materials and fodder under different relative humidities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60: 3421-3429.
35. Redd SC (2002) In “State of the science on molds and human health. Statement for the record before the subcommittee on oversight and investigations and housing and community opportunity on financial services”, United States House of Representatives, July 18, pp 1-11.
36. Schwab CJ, Cooley JD, Brasel T., Jumper CA, Graham SC, and Straus DC (2003) Characterization of exposure to low levels of viable Penicillium chrysogenum conidia and allergic sensitization induced by a protease allergen extract from viable P. chrysogenum conidia in mice. Int Arch Allergy and Immunology 130: 200-208.
37. Schwab CJ, Cooley JD, Jumper CJ, Graham SC, and Straus DC (2004) Allergic inflammation induced by a Penicillium chrysogenum conidia-associated allergen extract in a murine model. Allergy 59: 758-765.
38. Sorenson WG, Frazer DG, Jarvis BB, Simpson J., and Robinson VA (1987) Trichothecene mycotoxins and aerosolized conidia of Stachybotrys atra. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 53: 1370-1375.
39. Straus DC (2001) Consequences of mold exposure in buildings. Texas Journal of Rural Health 19: 8-13.
40. Tuomi T., Reijula K., Johnsson T., et al. (2000) Mycotoxins in crude building materials from water-damaged buildings. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66: 1899-1904.
41. Wilson SC, Carriker CG, Brasel TL, et al. (2004) Culturability and toxicity of sick building syndrome-related fungi over time. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 1: 500-504.
42. Wilson SC, Straus DC (2002) The presence of fungi associated with sick building syndrome in North American zoological institutions. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 33: 322-327.
43. Yike I., Allan T., Sorenson WG, and Dearborn DG (1999) Highly sensitive protein translation assay for trichothecene toxicity in airborne particulates: comparison with cytotoxicity assays. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65: 88-94.
44. Yike I., Distler AM, Ziady AG, and Dearborn DG (2006) Mycotoxin adducts on human serum albumin. Biomarkers of exposure to Stachybotrys chartarum. Environmental Health Perspectives 114: 1221-1226.