Heavy precipitation associated with Southern Appalachian cold-air damming and Carolina coastal frontogenesis in advance of weak landfalling Tropical Storm Marco (1990)

Monthly Weather Review

Volumn 137, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 2448-2470

  Srock, Alan F ^a   Bosart, Lance F ^a  

^a STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APPALACHIANS; CAROLINAS; COASTAL FRONTS; COOL AIR; DENSITY GRADIENTS; GEORGIA; HEAVY PRECIPITATION; HEAVY RAINFALL; INTENSE PRECIPITATION; LANDFALLING; LOW-LEVEL ANALYSIS; LOW-LEVEL WINDS; MESOSCALE ANALYSIS; MESOSCALE FEATURES; MOUNTAIN SLOPES; RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHEAST UNITED STATES; STORM CENTER; TROPICAL CYCLONE; TROPICAL STORMS;

HURRICANES; STORMS; TROPICS;

RAIN;

FRONTOGENESIS; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGY; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); RAINFALL; STORM; TROPICAL CYCLONE;

APPALACHIANS; NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 70350344614     PISSN: 00270644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2009MWR2819.1     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Atallah, E. H., and L. F. Bosart, 2003: The extratropical transition and precipitation distribution of Hurricane Floyd (1999). Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 1063-1081.
2. Atallah, E. H., L. F. Bosart, and A. R. Aiyyer, 2007: Precipitation distribution associated with landfalling tropical cyclones over the eastern United States. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 2185-2206.
3. Bailey, C. M., G. Hartfield, G. M. Lackmann, K. Keeter, and S. Sharp, 2003: An objective climatology, classification scheme, and assessment of sensible weather impacts for Appalachian cold-air damming. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 641-661.
4. Barnes, S. L., 1964: A technique for maximizing details in numerical weather map analysis. J. Appl. Meteor., 3, 396-409.
5. Barros, A. P., and R. J. Kuligowski, 1998: Orographic effects during a severe wintertime rainstorm in the Appalachian Mountains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 2648-2672.
6. Bell, G. D., and L. F. Bosart, 1988: Appalachian cold-air damming. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 137-161.
7. Bosart, L. F., 1975: New England coastal frontogenesis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 101, 957-978.
8. Bosart, L. F., and F. H. Carr, 1978: A case study of excessive rainfall centered around Wellsville, New York, 20-21 June 1972. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 348-362.
9. Bosart, L. F., and D. B. Dean, 1991: The Agnes rainstorm of June 1972: Surface feature evolution culminating in inland storm redevelopment. Wea. Forecasting, 6, 515-537.
10. Bosart, L. F., and G. M. Lackmann, 1995: Postlandfall tropical cyclone reintensification in a weakly baroclinic environment: A case study of Hurricane David (September 1979). Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3268-3291.
11. Bosart, L. F., C. J. Vaudo, and J. H. Helsdon, 1972: Coastal frontogenesis. J. Appl. Meteor., 11, 1236-1258.
12. Brand, S., 1970: Interaction of binary tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific Ocean. J. Appl. Meteor., 9, 433-441.
13. Branick, M. L., F. Vitale, C.-C. Lai, and L. F. Bosart, 1988: The synoptic and subsynoptic structure of a long-lived convective system. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1335-1370.
14. Brennan, M. J., G. M. Lackmann, and S. E. Koch, 2003: An analysis of the impact of a split-front rainband on Appalachian cold-air damming. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 712-731.
15. Colle, B. A., 2003: Numerical simulations of the extratropical transition of Floyd (1999): Structural evolution and responsible mechanisms for the heavy rainfall over the northeast United States. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2905-2926.
16. Cote, M. R., 2007: Predecessor rain events in advance of tropical cyclones. M.S. thesis, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University at Albany/SUNY, 198 pp.
17. Dritschel, D. G., and D. W. Waugh, 1992: Quantification of the inelastic interaction on unequal vortices in two-dimensional vortex dynamics. Phys. Fluids, 4A, 1737-1744.
18. Evans, J. L., and B. E. Prater-Mayes, 2004: Factors affecting the posttransition intensification of Hurricane Irene (1999). Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 1355-1368.
19. Forbes, G. S., R. A. Anthes, and D. W. Thomson, 1987: Synoptic and mesoscale aspects of an Appalachian ice storm associated with cold-air damming. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 564-591.
20. Fritsch, J. M., J. Kapolka, and P. A. Hirschberg, 1992: The effects of subcloud-layer diabatic processes on cold air damming. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 49-70.
21. Fujiwhara, S., 1921: The mutual tendency towards symmetry of motion and its application as a principle in meteorology. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 47, 287-293.
22. Fujiwhara, S., 1923: On the growth and decay of vortical systems. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 49, 75-104.
23. Haggard, W. H., T. H. Bilton, and H. L. Crutcher, 1973: Maximum rainfall from tropical cyclone systems which cross the Appalachians. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 50-61.
24. Hoskins, B. J., M. E. McIntyre, and A. W. Robertson, 1985: On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 111, 877-946.
25. Jones, S. C., and Coauthors, 2003: The extratropical transition of tropical cyclones: Forecast challenges, current understanding, and future directions. Wea. Forecasting, 18, 1052-1092.
26. Klein, P. M., P. A. Harr, and R. L. Elsberry, 2000: Extratropical transition of western North Pacific tropical cyclones: An overview and conceptual model of the transformation stage. Wea. Forecasting, 15, 373-395.
27. Koch, S. E., M. desJardins, and P. J. Kocin, 1983: An interactive Barnes objective map analysis scheme for use with satellite and conventional data. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 1487-1503.
28. Marks, F. D., and K. Shay, PDT-5, 1998: Landfalling tropical cyclones: Forecast problems and associated research opportunities. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 79, 305-323.
29. Mayfield, M., and M. B. Lawrence, 1991: Atlantic Hurricane season of 1990. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 2014-2026.
30. Mesinger, F., and Coauthors, 2006: North American Regional Reanalysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 87, 343-360.
31. Nielsen, J. W., 1989: The formation of New England coastal fronts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 117, 1380-1401.
32. Nielsen, J. W., and P. P. Neilley, 1990: The vertical structure of New England coastal fronts. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 1793-1807.
33. Nielsen-Gammon, J. W., 2001: A visualization of the global dynamic tropopause. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 1151-1167.
34. Passarelli, R. E., and H. Boehme, 1983: The orographic modulation of pre-warm-front precipitation in southern New England. Mon. Wea. Rev., 111, 1062-1070.
35. Prieto, R., B. D. McNoldy, S. R. Fulton, and W. H. Schubert, 2003: A classification of binary tropical cyclone-like vortex interactions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2656-2666.
36. Rappaport, E. N., 2000: Loss of life in the United States associated with recent Atlantic tropical cyclones. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 2065-2073.
37. Richwein, B. A., 1980: The damming effect of the southern Appalachians. Natl. Wea. Dig., 5, 2-12.
38. Riordan, A. J., 1990: Examination of the mesoscale features of the GALE coastal front of 24-25 January 1986. Mon. Wea. Rev., 118, 258-282.
39. Sanders, F., 1999: A proposed method of surface map analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 945-955.
40. Sheets, R. C., 1990: The National Hurricane Center - Past, present, and future. Wea. Forecasting, 5, 185-232.
41. Stonitsch, J. R., and P. M. Markowski, 2007: Unusually long duration, multiple-Doppler radar observations of a front in a convective boundary layer. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 93-117.
42. Uppala, S. M., and Coauthors, 2005: The ERA-40 re-analysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 2961-3012.