Chapter 185 The use of rare-earth-containing zeolite catalysts

Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

Volumn 29, Issue , 2000, Pages 269-313

  Corma, A ^a   Lopez Nieto J M ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE TECNOLOGÍA QUÍMICA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350319023     PISSN: 01681273     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1273(00)29008-9     Document Type: Review

References (275)

1. Akporiaye D.E., Daasvatn K., Solberg J., and Stöcker M. Modified zeolites as active catalysts in Friedel-Crafts acylation. In: Guisnet M., Barbier J., Barrault J., Bouchoule C., Duprez D., Perot G., and Montassier C. (Eds). Heterogeneous Catalysis and Fine Chemicals III. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 78 (1993), Elsevier, Amsterdam 521-526
2. Al-jarallah A.M., El-nafaty U.A., and Abdillahi M.M. Appl. Catal. 154 (1997) 117
3. Algarra F., Corma A., Fornés V., Garcia H., Martinez A., and Primo J. Rearrangement of acetals of 2-bromopropiophenone as a test reaction to characterize the Lewis sites in large pore zeolites. In: Guisnet M., Barbier J., Barrault J., Bouchoule C., Duprez D., Perot G., and Montassier C. (Eds). Heterogeneous Catalysis and Fine Chemicals III. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 78 (1993), Elsevier, Amsterdam 653-660
4. Alimardanov K.M., and Addullayev A.F. Petr. Chem. 35 (1996) 508
5. Amiridis M.D., Zhang T., and Farrauto R.J. Appl. Catal. 10 (1996) 203
6. Amouzegh P., Finniels A., Geneste P., Ginestar E., and Moreau P. Catal. Lett. 34 (1995) 389
7. Antonio M.R., Soderholm L., and Song I. J. Appl. Electrochem. 27 (1997) 784
8. Aparicio L.M., Ulla M.A., Millman W.S., and Dumesic J.A. J. Catal. 110 (1988) 330
9. Arakawa T., Toshihaw T., Takakuwa M., Adachi G., and Shiokawa J. Mater. Res. Bull. 17 (1982) 171
10. Ardito, S.C., H. Ashjian, T.F. Degnan, T.E. Helton, Q.N. Le and A.R. Quinones, 1997, US Patent 5,629,463.
11. Armengol E., Corma A., Garcia H., and Primo J. Appl. Catal. A 126 (1995) 391
12. x removal: an overview. In: Armor J.M. (Ed). Environmental Catalysis. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 552 (1994), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 2-6
13. Azbel B.I., Goldshleger N.F., Epelbaum E.T., Yamplo-Skii Yu.Yu., Khidekel M.L., Isakov Ya.I., and Minachev Kh.M. Catalytic properties of a zeolite system in bicyclo[2,2,1]hepta-2,5-diene reaction. In: Jacobs P.A., and van Santen R.A. (Eds). Zeolites: Facts, Figures and Future. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 49 (1989), Elsevier, Washington, DC 1407-1412
14. Baba T., Koide R., and Ono Y. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1991) 691
15. Baba T., Hikita S., Koide R., Ono Y., Hanada T., Tanaka T., and Yoshida S. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 89 (1993) 3177
16. Baba T., Hikita S., Ono Y., Yoshida T., Tanaka T., and Yoshida S. J. Mol. Catal. A 98 (1995) 49
17. Balkus K.J., and Shi J. Microporous Mater. 11 (1997) 325
18. Ben Taarit Y. Catalysis by exchanged cation and zeolite framework sites. In: Derouane E.G., Lemos F., Naccache G., and Ribeiro F.T. (Eds). Zeolite Microporous Solids: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. NATO ASI Series Vol. C-352 (1992), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam 347-371
19. Bennett J.M., and Smith J.V. Mater. Res. Bull. 4 (1969) 343
20. Berry F.J., Marco J.F., and Steel A.T. J. Alloys & Compounds 194 (1993) 167
21. Beyer H.K., Karge H.G., and Pal-Borbely G. Zeolites 8 (1988) 79
22. Beyer H.K., Pal-Borbely G., and Karge H.G. Microporous Mater. 1 (1993) 67
23. Bezouhanova C.P., and Jabur F.A. J. Mol. Catal. 87 (1994) 39
24. Bolton A.P. J. Catal. 22 (1971) 9
25. Bolton A.P., Lanewala M.A., and Pickert P.E. J. Org. Chem. 33 (1968) 1513
26. Bolton A.P., Lanewala M.A., and Pickert P.E. J. Org. Chem. 33 (1968) 3415
27. Brait A., Seshan K., and Lercher J.A. Appl. Catal. A 169 (1998) 299
28. Breck D.W. Zeolite Molecular Sieves (1974), Wiley, Dordrecht 725-755
29. Brenan D., Bell R.G., Catlow C.R.A., and Jackson R.A. Zeolites 14 (1994) 650
30. Brenan D., Catlow C.R.A., and Jackson R.A. Zeolites 14 (1994) 660
31. Preprints. Bresinska I., Balkus K.J., and Kowalak S. Synthesis of Silicalite-1 containing Gadolinium. Division of Petroleum Chemistry Vol. 38 (1993), American Chemical Society, New York 494-497
32. Carvajal R., Chu P.-J., and Lunsford J.H. J. Catal. 125 (1990) 123
33. In: Centi G., and Forzatti P. (Eds). 1st World Conference on Environmental Catalysis for a Better World and Life. Catal. Today 27 (1995)
34. Chang C.D. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 25 (1983) 1
35. Chang C.D., and Silvestri A.J. J. Catal. 47 (1977) 249
36. Chao K.-J., and Lin Ch.-F. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 57 (1992) 710
37. Chatterjee S., and Greene H.L. J. Catal. 130 (1991) 76
38. Cheetham A.K., Eddy M.M., and Thomas J.M. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1984) 1337
39. Chen N.Y., and Degnan T.F. Chem. Eng. Prog. 84 (1988) 32
40. Chen Q.J., Ito T., and Fraissard J. Zeolites 11 (1991) 239
41. Chiche B., Finiels A., Gauthier C., and Geneste P. J. Org. Chem. 51 (1986) 2128
42. Chiche B., Finiels A., Gauthier C., and Geneste P. J. Mol. Catal. 42 (1987) 229
43. Choudhary V.R., Srinivasan K.R., and Akolekar D.B. Zeolites 9 (1989) 115
44. Chu Y.F., and Chester A.W. Zeolites 6 (1986) 195
45. Corma A. Zeolites in oil refining and petrochemistry. In: Derouane E.G., Lemos F., Naccache G., and Ribeiro F.T. (Eds). Zeolite Microporous Solids: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. NATO ASI Series Vol. C-352 (1992), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Washington, DC 347-371
46. Corma A. Chem. Rev. 95 (1995) 559
47. Corma A., and Garcia H. Catal. Today 38 (1997) 257
48. Corma A., and Martinez A. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 35 (1993) 483
49. Corma A., and Sastre E. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1991) 594
50. Corma A., Fornés V., Montón J.B., and Orchillés V. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 25 (1986) 231
51. Corma A., Fornés V., Martínez A., and Orchillés A.V. Parameters in addition to the unit cell that determine the cracking activity and selectivity of dealuminated HY zeolite. In: Flank W.H., and Whyte T.E. (Eds). ACS Symposium Series Vol. 368 (1988), ACS, Dordrecht 542-554
52. Corma A., Climent M.J., Garcia H., and Primo J. Appl. Catal. 49 (1989) 109
53. Corma A., Faraldos M., Martinez A., and Mifsud A. J. Catal. 122 (1990) 230
54. Corma A., Melo F.V., and Rawlance D.J. Zeolites 10 (1990) 690
55. Corma A., Melo F.V., and Rawlance D.J. Zeolites 12 (1992) 261
56. Corma, A., A.E. Palomares and F. Rey, 1993, European Patent 9301712.
57. Corma A., Juan-Rajadell M.I., López Nieto J.M., Martinez A., and Martinez C. Appl. Catal. A 111 (1994) 175
58. Corma A., Gómez V., and Martinez A. Appl. Catal. A 119 (1994) 83
59. Corma A., Martinez A., and Martinez C. Appl. Catal. A 134 (1996) 169
60. Corma A., Martinez A., Arroyo P.A., Monteiro J.L.F., and Sousa-Aguiar E.F. Appl. Catal. A 142 (1996) 139
61. Corma A., Palomares A.E., Rey F., and Marquez F. J. Catal. 170 (1997) 140
62. Costenoble M.L., Mortier W.J., and Uytterhoeven J.B. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 74 (1978) 466
63. Coughlan B., and Keane M.A. Zeolites 11 (1991) 2
64. Cremers A. Ion exchange in zeolites. In: Katzer J.R. (Ed). Molecular Sieve II. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 40 (1977), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 179-193
65. Das D., and Upreti M.C. Indian J. Chem. A 34 5 (1995) 383
66. Deng, G., Z. Liu and R. Mu, 1997, CN Patent 1145280A.
67. Diaz-Mendoza F.A., Pernett-Bolano L., and Cardona-Martinez N. Termochim. Acta 312 1-2 (1998) 47
68. Dougan T.J. Advances in FCC Vanadium Tolerance, NPRA AM 94-96 (1994)
69. Dwyer F.G. In: Moser W.R. (Ed). Catalysis Organic Reactions (1981), Marcel Dekker, Washington, DC 39
70. Dyer A. Zeolite Molecular Sieves (1988), Wiley, New York
71. Dyer A., Shesheniah M., and Brown J.G. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 40 (1978) 99
72. Feast S., and Lercher J.A. Synthesis of intermediates and fine chemicals using molecular sieve. In: Chon H., Wo S.I., and Park S.E. (Eds). Recent Advances and New Horizons in Zeolite Science and Technology. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 102 (1996), Elsevier, Chichester 363-412
73. Feron B., Gallezot P., and Bourgogne M. J. Catal. 134 (1992) 469
74. Fisher, R., W.F. Hölderich, W.D. Moss and H.H. Weits, 1986, European Patent Application 0 167 021.
75. Flego C., Kiricsi I., Parker Jr. W.O., and Clerici M.G. Appl. Catal. A 124 (1995) 107
76. Fleisch T.H., Meyers B.L., Ray G.J., Hall J.B., and Marshall C.L. J. Catal. 99 (1986) 117
77. Floor M., Kieboom A.P.G., and Van Bekkum H. Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 108 (1989) 128
78. Fritz A., and Pitchon V. Appl. Catal. B 13 (1997) 1
79. Gaare K., and Akporiaye D. J. Mol. Catal. A 109 (1996) 177
80. Gaare K., and Akporiaye D. J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) 48
81. Gárdos G., Pechy L., Redey A., and Okonji Ch. Hung. J. Ind. Chem. Veszprém. 8 (1980) 363
82. Gárdos G., Pechy L., Redey A., and Sokobai Y. Hung. J. Ind. Chem. Veszprém. 8 (1980) 371
83. Gárdos G., Kristóf J., Pechy L., and Redey A. Hung. J. Ind. Chem. Veszprém. 10 (1982) 251
84. Gárdos G., Redey A., and Kristóf J. Geterog. Katal. 5 (1983) 447
85. Gárdos G., de Jonge A., Halmos F., Kristóf J., and Redey A. Hung. J. Ind. Chem. Veszprém 12 (1984) 251
86. Gauthier C., Chiche B., Finiels A., and Geneste P. J. Mol. Catal. 50 (1989) 219
87. Goodall R.D. Davison Catalagram 13 (1962) 2
88. Goux A., Geneste P., and Moreau P. J. Mol. Catal. 89 (1994) 383
89. Grünert W., Sauerlandt U., Schlögel R., and Karge H.G. J. Phys. Chem. 97 (1993) 1413
90. Haack L.P., Hubbard C.P., and Shelef M. X-ray photoelectron-spectroscopy of metal exchanged Na-ZSM-5 zeolites. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 587 (1995), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 166-182
91. July. Hairston D.W. Chem. Eng. (1996) 57
92. Harandi, M.N., 1993, US Patent 5,177,279.
93. Hasimoto K., Matzuo K., Kominami H., and Kera Y. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 93 (1997) 3729
94. Hatch L.F. Hydrocarbon Process. 48 (1969) 77
95. Hazenkamp M.F., and Blasse G. Res. Chem. Intermed. 19 (1993) 343
96. Hazenkamp M.F., van der Veen A.M.H., and Blasse G. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 88 (1992) 133
97. Hazenkamp M.F., van der Veen A.M.H., Feiken N., and Blasse G. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 88 (1992) 141
98. Herreros B., Man P.P., Manoli J.-M., and Fraissard J. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1992) 464
99. Hickson D.A., and Csicsery S.M. J. Catal. 10 (1968) 27
100. Hölderich W.F., and van Bekkum H. Zeolites in organic synthesis. In: van Bekkum H., Flanigen E.M., and Jansen J.C. (Eds). Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 58 (1991), Elsevier, Washington, DC 631-726
101. Hong S.B., Seo J.S., Pyun Ah.-H., Kim Ch.-H., and Uh Y.S. Catal. Lett. 30 (1995) 87
102. Honna K., Sugimoto M., Shimizu N., and Kurisaki K. Chem. Lett. (1986) 315
103. Huang, T.J., 1983, US Patent 4,384,161.
104. 3 slip problem?. In: Frennet A., and Bastin J.-M. (Eds). Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control III. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 96 (1995), Elsevier, Amsterdam 645-653
105. Hunger M., Engelhardt G., and Weitkamp J. Microporous Mater. 3 (1995) 497
106. Hunter F.D., and Scherzer J. J. Catal. 20 (1971) 246
107. Ikemoto M., Tsutsumi K., and Takahashi H. Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 45 (1972) 1330
108. Ione K.G., and Kikhtyanin O.V. Reactions of electrophilic substitution on zeolite catalysts. Aniline alkylation by methanol. In: Jacobs P.A., and van Santen R.A. (Eds). Zeolites: Facts, Figures and Future. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 49 (1989), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1073-1083
109. Ito E., Hultermans R.J., Lugt P.M., Burgers M.H.W., Rigutto M.S., van Bekkum H., and van den Bleek C.M. Appl. Catal. B 4 (1994) 95
110. Ito E., Mergler Y.J., Nieuwenhuys B.E., van Bekkum H., and van den Bleek C.M. Microporous Mater. 4 (1995) 455
111. x with ammonia over cerium exchanged zeolite catalysts - Towards a solution for an ammonia slip problem. In: Frennet A., and Bastin J.-M. (Eds). Catalysis and Automotive Pollution Control III. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 96 (1995), Elsevier, Amsterdam 661-673
112. Ito E., Mergler Y.J., Nieuwenhuys B.E., Calis H.P.A., van Bekkum H., and van den Bleek C.M. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 92 (1996) 1799
113. Ivanova I.I., Kazenina A.D., Romanovsky B.V., and Gerzeliev I.M. Application of iodometry for zeolite active sites characterization and modification. In: Weitkamp J., Karge H.G., Pfeifer H., and Hölderich W. (Eds). Zeolites and Related Microporous Materials: State of the Art 1994. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 84 (1994), Elsevier, Amsterdam 717-724
114. Iwamoto M., Furukawa H., Mine Y., Uemura F., Mikuriya S., and Kagawa S. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. 15 (1986) 1272
115. 27Al Magic angle spinning-NMR spectroscopy study of rare-earth-exchanged zeolites. In: Flank W.H., and White T.E. (Eds). Perspectives in Molecular Sieve Science. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 368 (1988), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 48-65
116. Jacobs P.A., and Uytterhoeven J.B. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1 69 (1973) 373
117. Jia M., Lechert H., and Föster H. Zeolites 12 (1992) 32
118. Karge H.G. Modification of zeolites and new routes to ion exchange. In: Derouane E.G., Lemos F., Naccache G., and Ribeiro F.T. (Eds). Zeolite Microporous Solids: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity. NATO ASI Series Vol. C-352 (1992), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Washington, DC 273-290
119. Karge H.G. Solid-state reactions in zeolites. In: Hattori Y., and Yashima T. (Eds). Zeolites and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 83 (1994), Elsevier, Dordrecht 135-146
120. Karge H.G. Post-synthesis modifications of microporous materials by solid-state reactions. In: Chon H., Ihm S.-K., and Uh Y.S. (Eds). Progress in Zeolite and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 105 (1997), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1901-1948
121. Karge H.G., and Beyer H.K. Introduccion of cations into zeolites by solid-state reaction. In: Jacobs P.A., Jaeger N.I., Kubelkova L., and Wichterlova B. (Eds). Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 69 (1991), Elsevier, Amsterdam 43-64
122. Karge H.G., and Jozefowicz L.C. A comparative study of the acidity of various zeolites using the differential heats of ammonia adsorption as measured by high-vacuum microcalorimetry. In: Weitkamp J., Karge H.G., Pfeifer H., and Hölderich W. (Eds). Zeolites and Related Microporous Materials: State of the Art 1994. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 84 (1994), Elsevier, Amsterdam 685-692
123. Karge H.G., Borbely G., Beyer H.K., and Onyestyak G. Solid-state ion exchange in zeolites. Part III. Preparation and test of lanthanum zeolite catalysts. In: Phylips M.J., and Ternan M. (Eds). Proc. 9th Int. Congress on Catalysis. Ottawa, 1988 (1988), The Chemical Institute of Canada, Amsterdam 396-403
124. Karge H.G., Beyer H.K., and Borbely G. Catal. Today 3 (1988) 41
125. Karge H.G., Mavrodinova V., Zheng Z., and Beyer H.K. Solid-state ion exchange - phenomenon and mechanism. In: Bartomeuf D., Derouane E.G., and Hölderich W. (Eds). Guidelines for Mastering the Properties of Molecular Sieves. NATO ASI Series Vol. B 221 (1990), Plenum Press, Ontario 157-168
126. Karge H.G., Mavrodinova V., Zheng Z., and Beyer H.K. Appl. Catal. 75 (1991) 343
127. Karge H.G., Pal-Borbely G., and Beyer H.K. Zeolites 14 (1994) 512
128. Keane M.A. Microporous Mater. 7 (1996) 51
129. Keir D., Lee E.F.T., and Rees L.V.C. Zeolites 8 (1988) 228
130. Kim J.-G., Kompany T., Ryoo R., Ito T., and Fraissard J. Zeolites 14 (1994) 427
131. Kim J.H., Sugi Y., Matsuzaki T., Hanaoka T., Kubota Y., Tu X., Matsumoto M., Naakata S., Kato A., Seo G., and Park C. Appl. Catal. A 131 (1995) 15
132. Kiricsi Y., Flego C., and Bellussi G. Appl. Catal. A 126 (1995) 401
133. Kirsch F.W., Potts J.D., and Barmby D.S. J. Catal. 27 (1972) 142
134. Kitto M.E., Anderson D.L., Gordon G.E., and Olmez I. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26 (1992) 1368
135. Lai P.P., and Rees L.V.C. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 72 (1976) 1809
136. Landis P.S., and Venuto P.B. J. Catal. 6 (1966) 245
137. Lau G.C., and Maier W.F. Langmuir 3 (1987) 164
138. Lee C.-Y., Choi K.-Y., and Ha B.-H. Appl. Catal. B 5 (1995) 7
139. Lee E.F.T., and Rees L.V.C. Zeolites 7 (1987) 143
140. Lee E.F.T., and Rees L.V.C. Zeolites 7 (1987) 446
141. Lee T.Y., and Ma Y.H. Ion exchange in zeolites. In: Katzer J.R. (Ed). Molecular Sieve II. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 40 (1977), American Chemical Society, New York 428-438
142. Lei G.D., Adelman B.J., Sarkany J., and Sachtler W.M.H. Appl. Catal. B 5 (1995) 245
143. Lemos F., Ramoa Ribeiro F., Kern M., Gianetto G., and Guisnet M. Appl. Catal. 29 (1987) 43
144. Lermer, H., W. Holderich and M. Schawarzmann, 1987, German Patent DE 3618964 A1.
145. Li Q., Dai L., Xiong J., Zhu L., and Xue Z. Zeolites 14 (1994) 367
146. Li R.-S., Wen R.-W., Zhang W.-Y., and Wei Q. Zeolites 13 (1993) 229
147. Li, Y., and J.N. Armor, 1992, US Patent 5,149,512.
148. Li Z., and Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M. Appl. Catal. A 165 (1997) 15
149. Lin C.F., and Chao K.J. J. Phys. Chem. 23 (1991) 9411
150. Liu S.-B., Shu Y.-J., and Chang Ch.-T. J. Chin. Chem. Soc. 41 (1994) 53
151. Magee J.S. Davison Catalagram 41 (1972) 3
152. Magee J.S., and Blazek J.J. Preparation and performance of zeolite cracking catalysts. In: Rabo J.E. (Ed). Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. ACS Monograph 171 (1976), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 615-679
153. Maher, P.K., and C.V. McDaniel, 1986, US Patent 3,402,996.
154. Marynen P., Maes A., and Cremers A. Zeolites 4 (1984) 287
155. Maugé F., Gallezot P., Courcelle J.-C., Engelhard P., and Grosmangin J. Zeolites 6 (1986) 261
156. Meier W.M., Olson D.H., and Baerlocher Ch. Zeolites 17 (1996) 1
157. Meisel S.L., McCullough J.P., Lechtaler C.H., and Weisz P.B. Chemtech 6 (1976) 86
158. Minachev K.M., Mortinov E.S., Zen'kovski S.M., Mostovoy N.V., and Kononov N.F. Isoparaffinolefin alkylation over zeolite catalysts. Industrial and Laboratory Alkylations. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 55 (1977), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 89-95
159. Misono M., and Kondo K. Chem. Lett. No. 6 (1991) 1001
160. Moreau P., Finiels A., Geneste P., and Solofo J. J. Catal. 136 (1992) 487
161. Mori H., Yamazaki T., Ozawa S., and Ogino Y. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 66 (1993) 2504
162. Mostad H., Stöcker M., Karlsson A., Junggreen H., and Hustad B. La-EMT, a promising catalyst for isobutane/2-butene alkylation. In: Chon H., Ihm S.-K., and Uh Y.S. (Eds). Progress in Zeolite and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 105 (1997), Elsevier, Washington, DC 1413-1422
163. Mravec D., Michouk M., and Honec M. Petr. Coal. 39 (1997) 27
164. Murthy Y.V.S.N., and Pillai C.N. Synth. Commun. 21 (1991) 783
165. Nasukhanov Kh.S.U., Spiridonov S.E., Kyukov O.V., and Khadzhiev S.N. Kinet. Catal. 34 (1993) 158
166. Nery J.G., Mascarenhas Y.P., Bonagamba T.J., Mello N.C., and Souza-Aguiar E.F. Zeolites 18 (1997) 44
167. Nicula A., and Trif E. Rev. Roum. Phys. 36 (1991) 861
168. Nishizaka Y., and Misono M. Chem. Lett. (1993) 1295
169. Nunan, J.G., K.C.C. Kharas and H.J. Robota, 1995, WO Patent 9509687 A1.
170. Occelli M.L. Catal. Rev. Sci Eng. 33 (1991) 241
171. Occelli M.L. Vanadium resistant fluid cracking catalysts. In: Absi-Halabi M., Beshara J., Qabazard H., and Stanislaus A. (Eds). Catalyst in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries 1995. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 100 (1996), Elsevier, Amsterdam 25-47
172. 662 pp. Occelli M.L., and Robson H.E. Zeolite Synthesis (1989), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam
173. 563 pp. Occelli M.L., and Robson H.E. Molecular Sieves (1992), van Nostrand Reinhold, Washington, DC
174. Olson D.H., Kokotailo G.T., and Charnell J.F. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 28 (1968) 305
175. Orlik S.N., Struzhko V.L., Stasevich V.P., and Martsenyukkukharuk M.G. Teor. Eksp. Khim. 30 6 (1994) 350
176. Parvulescu V.I., Oelker P., Grange P., and Delmon B. Appl. Catal. B 16 (1998) 1
177. Pillai R.B.C. Current Sci. 68 (1995) 732
178. Pillai R.B.C. React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. 58 (1996) 145
179. Pillai R.B.C., and Pillai C.N. Indian J. Chem. 32B (1993) 592
180. Pine L.A., Maher P.J., and Watcher W.A. J. Catal. 85 (1984) 466
181. Pires E.L., Wallau M., and Schuchardt U. Selective oxidation of cyclohexane over rare earth exchanged zeolite Y. In: Grasselli R.K., Oyama S.T., Gaffney A.M., and Lyons J.E. (Eds). 3rd World Congr. on Oxidation Catalysis. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 110 (1997), Elsevier, New York 1025-1027
182. April. Plank C.J. CHEMTECH (1984) 243
183. Plank C.J., Rosinski E.J., and Hawthorne W.P. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 3 (1964) 165
184. Pradhan A.R., and Rao B.S. J. Catal. 132 (1991) 79
185. Rabo J.A., Pickert P.E., Stamires D.N., and Boyle J.E. Molecular sieve catalysts in hydrocarbon reactions. Actes 2me Congr. Int. on Catalyse Vol. 2 (1961), Editions Technip, Amsterdam 2055-2073
186. preprint 54. Rabo J.A., Angell C.A., and Schomaker V. Catalytic and structural properties of rare-earth exchanged forms of type Y zeolite. Proc. 4th Int. Congr. on Catalysis. Moscow (1968), Nauka, Paris 96-113
187. Reddy T.I., and Varma R.S. Chem. Commun. (1997) 621
188. Reddy T.I., and Varma R.S. Tetrahedron Lett. 38 (1997) 1721
189. Reddy T.I., Bhawal B.M., and Rajappa S. Tetrahedron 49 (1993) 2101
190. Rees L.V.C., and Zuyi T. Zeolites 6 (1986) 201
191. October 6. Rhodes A.K. OGJ Special on Worldwide Catalyst Report. Oil Gas J. (1997) 41
192. Richard F., Drouillard J., Carreyre H., Lemberton J.L., and Perot G. Zeolite catalyzed acylation of heterocyclic aromatic compounds. 1. Acylation of benzofuran. In: Guisnet M., Barbier J., Barrault J., Bouchoule C., Duprez D., Perot G., and Montassier C. (Eds). Heterogeneous Catalysis and Fine Chemicals III. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 78 (1993), Elsevier, Moscow 601-606
193. Roelofsen J.W., Mathies H., de Groot R.L., van Woerkom P.C.M., and Gaur H.A. Effect of rare earth loading in Y-zeolite on its dealumination during thermal treatment. In: Murakami Y., Iijima A., and Ward J.W. (Eds). New Developments in Zeolite Science and Technology. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 28 (1986), Elsevier, Amsterdam 337-344
194. Rokosz M.J., Kucherov A.V., Jen H.-W., and Shelef M. Catal. Today 35 (1997) 65
195. Roland E. Industrial zeolite production. In: Karge H.G., and Weitkamp J. (Eds). Zeolites as Catalysts, Sorbents and Detergent Builders. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 46 (1989), Elsevier, Amsterdam 645-659
196. Rørbik T., Dahl I.M., Mostad H.B., and Ellestad O.H. Catal. Lett. 33 (1995) 127
197. Rørbik T., Mostad H.B., Ellestad O.H., and Stöcker M. Appl. Catal. A 137 (1996) 235
198. Rørbik T., Mostad H.B., Karlsson A., and Ellestad O.H. Appl. Catal. A 156 (1997) 267
199. Rosa I.L.V., Serra O.A., and Nassar E.J. J. Lumin. 72 (1997) 532
200. Sakamoto E., Ohnishi T., and Arakawa T. Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with propane over Ln-Pt ion exchanged zeolites (Ln = rare earth). In: Weitkamp J., Karge H.G., Pfeifer H., and Holderich W. (Eds). Zeolites and Related Microporous Materials: State of the Art 1994. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 84 (1994), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1537-1540
201. Sato S., Yu-u Y., Yahiro H., Mizuno N., and Iwamoto M. Appl. Catal. 70 (1991) L1
202. Scherzer J. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 248 (1986) 157
203. Scherzer J. Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 31 (1989) 215
204. Scherzer J., and Bass J.L. J. Phys. Chem. 79 (1975) 1200
205. Scherzer, J., G.C. Edwards, R.W. Baker, E.A. Albers and P.K. Maher, 1971, German Patent. 2,125,980.
206. Scherzer J., Bass J.L., and Hunter F.D. J. Phys. Chem. 79 (1975) 1194
207. Schulz H., Böhringer W., Baumgartner W., and Siwei Z. Comparative investigation of time on stream selectivity changes during methanol conversion on different zeolites. In: Murakami Y., Iijima A., and Ward J.W. (Eds). New Developments in Zeolite Science and Technology. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 28 (1986), Elsevier, Amsterdam 915-922
208. Serra O.A., Rosa I.L., and Sousa-Aguiar E.F. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 4 (1993) 154
209. Sherry H.S. J. Phys. Chem. 70 (1966) 1158
210. Sherry H.S. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 28 (1968) 288
211. Sherry H.S. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 35 (1976) 321
212. Sherry H.S. The contribution of ion exchange to the understanding and modification of the properties of zeolites. 4. In: Occelli M.L., Ozkan V.S., and Sinfelt J. (Eds). Blending Research and Innovative Technology at Las Vegas. Division of Petroleum Chemistry Vol. 42 (1997), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 870-872 Preprints
213. Shiralkar V.P., and Kulkarni S.B. Indian J. Chem. 16a (1978) 665
214. Shiralkar V.P., and Kulkarni S.B. J. Thermal Anal. 25 (1982) 399
215. Simon M.W., Efstathiou A.M., Bennett C.O., and Suib S.L. J. Catal. 138 (1992) 1
216. Slade R.C.T., Jinku H., and Hix G.B. Solid State Ionics 57 (1992) 177
217. Smith J.V. Origin and structure of zeolites. In: Rabo J.E. (Ed). Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. ACS Monograph 171 (1976), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1-79
218. Smith J.V., Bennett J.M., and Flanigan E.M. Nature 215 (1967) 241
219. Preprints. Song Ch., and Kirby S. Shape-selective alkylation of naphthalene over molecular sieves. Division of Petroleum Chemistry Vol. 38 (1993), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 784-787
220. Preprints. Song Ch., and Moffatt K. Zeolite-catalyzed ring shift and conformational isomerization reactions of polycyclic hydrocarbons. Division of Petroleum Chemistry Vol. 38 (1993), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 779-783
221. Sousa-Aguiar E.F., Camorim V.L.D., Zotin F.M.Z., and dos Santos R.L.C. Microporous Mater. 25 (1998) 25
222. Spagnol M., Gilbert L., and Alby D. Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatics using zeolites. In: Desmurs J.R., and Ratton S. (Eds). The Roost of Organic Development (1996), Elsevier, Washington, DC 29-38
223. Spiridonov S.E., Nasukhanov Kh.S.-U., Kryukov O.V., Pod'yacheva E.B., and Khadzhiev S.N. Kinet. Catal. 33 (1992) 317
224. Stiles A.B., and Koch T.A. Catalyst Manufacture (1995), Marcel Dekker, Amsterdam 122-135
225. Stonecipher D.L. Advances in FCC Vanadium Tolerance, NPRA AM 97-29 (1997)
226. Subba Rao Y.V., Kulkarni S.J., Subrahmanyam M., and Rama Rao A.V. Appl. Catal. A 122 (1995) L1
227. Sugi Y., Kim J.-H., Matsuzaki T., Hanaoka T., Kubota Y., Tu X., and Matsumoto M. The isopropylation of naphthalene over cerium modified H-mordenite. In: Weitkamp J., Karge H.G., Pfeifer H., and Hölderich W. (Eds). Zeolites and Related Microporous Materials: State of the Art 1994. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 84 (1994), Elsevier, New York 1837-1844
228. Sugi Y., Matsuzaki T., Hanaoka T., Kubota Y., Kim J.-H., Tu X., and Matsumoto M. Catal. Lett. 27 (1994) 315
229. Suib S.L., Zerger R.P., Stucky G.D., Morrison T.I., and Shenoy G.K. J. Chem. Phys. 80 (1984) 2203
230. Sulikowski B., Find J., Karge H.G., and Herein D. Zeolites 19 (1997) 395
231. Swaroop, S.H., and R.R. Wurisika, 1996, US Patent 5,587,137.
232. Tanaka T., Yoshida T., Yoshida S., Baba T., and Ono Y. Physica B 209 (1995) 687
233. Tian Y.G., Qiu S.L., Zhou F.Q., Pang W.Q., and Hou S.G. J. Alloys & Compounds 186 (1992) 267
234. Timonen J.T., and Pakkanen T.T. Microporous Mater. 8 (1997) 57
235. Townsend R.P. Ion exchange in zeolites: Some recent developments in theory and practice. In: Ijima A., and Ward J.W. (Eds). New Developments in Zeolite Science and Technology. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 28 (1986), Elsevier, Amsterdam 273-282
236. Townsend R.P. Ion exchange in zeolites. In: van Bekkum H., Flanigen E.M., and Jansen J.C. (Eds). Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 58 (1991), Elsevier, Amsterdam 359-390
237. Treacy M.M., Higgins J.B., and Von Ballmoos R. Zeolite 16 (1996) 327
238. Ulla M.A., Aparicio L.A., Balse V.R., Dumesic J.A., and Millman W.S. J. Catal. 123 (1990) 195
239. In: van Bekkum H., Flanigen E.M., and Jansen J.C. (Eds). Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 58 (1990), Elsevier, Amsterdam
240. Venuto P.B. Microporous Mater. 2 (1994) 297
241. Venuto P.B. Structure-reactivity-selectivity relationships in reaction of organics over zeolite catalysts. In: Chon H., Ihm S.-K., and Uh Y.S. (Eds). Progress in Zeolite and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 105 (1997), Elsevier, Amsterdam 811-852
242. Venuto P.B., and Landis P.S. J. Catal. 6 (1966) 237
243. Venuto P.B., Hamilton L.A., Landis P.S., and Wise J.J. J. Catal. 4 (1966) 81
244. Venuto P.B., Hamilton L.A., and Landis P.S. J. Catal. 5 (1966) 484
245. Venuto P.B., Givens E.N., Hamilton L.A., and Landis P.S. J. Catal. 6 (1966) 253
246. von Ballmoos R.A. Advances in FCC Vanadium Tolerance, NPRA AM 93-30 (1993)
247. Wang, G., M. Ying, X. Wang and G. Chen, 1996, US Patent 5,573,990.
248. Ward J.W. J. Phys. Chem. 72 (1968) 4211
249. Ward J.W. J. Catal. 13 (1969) 321
250. Ward J.W. Adv. Chem. 101 (1971) 380
251. Ward J.W. Infrared studies of zeolite surface and surface reactions. In: Rabo J.E. (Ed). Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis. ACS Monograph 171 (1976), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 118-284
252. Ward J.W., and Hansford R.C. J. Catal. 13 (1969) 364
253. Weiß U., Weihe M., Hunger M., Karge H.G., and Weitkamp J. The induction period in ethylbenzene disproportionation over large pore zeolites. In: Chon H., Ihm S.-K., and Uh Y.S. (Eds). Progress in Zeolite and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 105 (1997), Elsevier, Washington, DC 973-980
254. Weitkamp J. Isobutane/butene alkylation on cerium exchanged X and Y Zeolites. In: Imelik B., Naccache C., Ben Taarit Y., Vedrine J.C., Coudurier G., and Praliaud H. (Eds). Catalysis by Zeolites. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 5 (1980), Elsevier, Amsterdam 65-75
255. Weitkamp J. Isoalkane/alkene alkylation and alkene oligomerization on zeolites. 1. Time on stream effects with isobutane/cis-2-butene on CeY. In: Imelik B., Naccache C., Ben Taarit Y., Vedrine J.C., Coudurier G., and Praliaud H. (Eds). Catalysis by Zeolites. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 5 (1980), Elsevier, Amsterdam 858-865
256. Weitkamp J., Gerhard W., and Jacobs P.A. Acta Phys. Chem. (Szeged) 31 (1985) 261
257. Weyrich P.A., Treviño H., Hölderich W.F., and Sachtler W.M.H. Appl. Catal. A 163 (1997) 31
258. Winkler H., and Steimberg K.-H. Zeolites 9 (1989) 445
259. Winkler H., Steimberg K.-H., and Kapphahn G. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 98 (1984) 144
260. Wortel Th.M., Esser W.H., Van Minnen-Pathuis G., Taal R., Roelofsen D.P., and van Bekkum H. J.R. Neth. Chem. Soc. 96 (1977) 44
261. Xiangsheng W., Guiru W., and Hongchen G. Ethylation of ethylbenzene to produce para-diethylbenzene. In: Chon H., Ihm S.-K., and Uh Y.S. (Eds). Progress in Zeolite and Microporous Materials. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis Vol. 105 (1997), Elsevier, Amsterdam 1357-1364
262. Yan J.Y., Sachtler W.M.H., and Kung H.H. Catal. Today 33 (1997) 279
263. Yang S.-J., Chen Y.-W., and Li Ch. Appl. Catal. A 117 (1994) 109
264. Yao C.S., and Weng H.S. Chem. Eng. Sci. 47 (1992) 2745
265. 2 over CeZSM-5. In: Ozkan U.S., Agarwal S.K., and Marcelin G. (Eds). ACS Symposium Series Vol. 587 (1995), American Chemical Society, Amsterdam 110-122
266. Yeom Y.H., Kim Y., Song S.H., and Seff K. J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) 2138
267. Yiguang T., Shilun Q., Fengqi Z., Wenqin P., and Shanggong H. J. Alloys & Compounds 186 (1992) 267
268. Yokoyama Ch., and Misono M. Chem. Lett. (1992) 1669
269. Yokoyama Ch., and Misono M. J. Catal. 150 (1994) 9
270. Yokoyama Ch., and Misono M. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 67 (1994) 557
271. Young, S.W., K.J. Balkus and A.D. Sherry, 1995, US Patent 5,429,814.
272. Zhang Y., and Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M. Catalytic decomposition of nitric oxide over promoted copper-ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolites. In: Armor J.M. (Ed). Environmental Catalysis. ACS Symposium Series Vol. 552 (1994), American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 7-21
273. Zhang Y., and Flytzani-Stephanopoulos M. J. Catal. 164 (1996) 131
274. Zinner L.B., and Araujo A.S. J. Alloys & Compounds 180 (1992) 289
275. Zinner L.B., Zinner K., Ishige M., and Araujo A.S. J. Alloys & Compounds 193 (1993) 65