메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 27, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 305-324

Weapons of mass destruction: Land, ethnicity and the 2007 elections in Kenya

Author keywords

Conflict; Ethnic clientism; Ethnicity; Land; Stolen election; Violence

Indexed keywords

CLIENTELISM; DEMOCRACY; ELECTION; ETHNIC CONFLICT; ETHNICITY; PARTY POLITICS; POLITICAL CHANGE; POLITICAL CONFLICT; VIOLENCE; WEAPON;

EID: 70350303854     PISSN: 02589001     EISSN: 14699397     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02589000903118904     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (29)

References (55)
  • 4
    • 70350341388 scopus 로고
    • London: Zed. Anonymous
    • Anonymous 1982. Independent Kenya. London: Zed.
    • (1982) Independent Kenya
  • 5
    • 70350335236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity, violence and democracy
    • Apollos,M. 2001. Ethnicity, violence and democracy. Africa Development 36, no. 1&2: 99-144.
    • (2001) Africa Development , vol.36 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 99-144
    • Apollos, M.1
  • 6
    • 33645893895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The formative years 1945-1955
    • ed. B. Ogot and W. Ochieng, Nairobi: East African Educational
    • Atieno-Odhiambo, E. 1996. The formative years 1945-1955. In Decolonization and independence in Kenya 1940-1993, ed. B. Ogot and W. Ochieng, 25-48. Nairobi: East African Educational.
    • (1996) Decolonization and independence in Kenya 1940-1993 , pp. 25-48
    • Atieno-Odhiambo, E.1
  • 7
    • 1642487714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic cleansing and civil society in Kenya 1969-1992
    • Atieno-Odhiambo, E. 2004. Ethnic cleansing and civil society in Kenya 1969-1992. Journal of Contemporary African Studies 22, no. 1: 29-42.
    • (2004) Journal of Contemporary African Studies , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-42
    • Atieno-Odhiambo, E.1
  • 8
    • 85050840474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voting in Kenya: Putting ethnicity in perspective
    • Bratton, M., and M. Kimenyi. 2008. Voting in Kenya: Putting ethnicity in perspective. Journal of Eastern African Studies 2, no. 2: 272-89.
    • (2008) Journal of Eastern African Studies , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 272-289
    • Bratton, M.1    Kimenyi, M.2
  • 10
    • 70350342186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doubting about the credibility of the presidential results hamper Kenya's democratic progress
    • European Union-Election Observation Mission EU-EOM, Nairobi: EU-EOM
    • European Union-Election Observation Mission (EU-EOM). 2008. Doubting about the credibility of the presidential results hamper Kenya's democratic progress. Preliminary statement on Kenya's general elections. Nairobi: EU-EOM.
    • (2008) Preliminary statement on Kenya's general elections
  • 11
    • 70350342187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Massive internal displacements in Kenya due to politically instigated ethnic clashes: Absence of political and humanitarian responses
    • FIDH-KHRC. 2007. Massive internal displacements in Kenya due to politically instigated ethnic clashes: Absence of political and humanitarian responses. Paris: International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH).
    • (2007) Paris: International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH)
    • KHRC, F.1
  • 12
    • 70350343971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The forgotten lesson of the Akiwumi report
    • 23 January
    • Gathii, J. 2008. The forgotten lesson of the Akiwumi report. Business Daily Africa, 23 January.
    • (2008) Business Daily Africa
    • Gathii, J.1
  • 14
    • 85050418597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kenya's hopes and impediments: The anatomy of a crisis of exclusion
    • Githinji, M., and F. Holmquist. 2008. Kenya's hopes and impediments: The anatomy of a crisis of exclusion. Journal of Eastern African Studies 2, no. 2: 344-58.
    • (2008) Journal of Eastern African Studies , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 344-358
    • Githinji, M.1    Holmquist, F.2
  • 16
    • 70350342185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Rights Watch/Africa Watch. 1993. Divide and rule: State-sponsored ethnic violence in Kenya. New York: Human Rights Watch.
    • Human Rights Watch/Africa Watch. 1993. Divide and rule: State-sponsored ethnic violence in Kenya. New York: Human Rights Watch.
  • 17
    • 70350347644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human Rights Watch. 2002. Playing with fire: Weapons proliferation and human rights in Kenya. Nairobi: Human Rights Watch.
    • Human Rights Watch. 2002. Playing with fire: Weapons proliferation and human rights in Kenya. Nairobi: Human Rights Watch.
  • 18
    • 78649427634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kenya in Crisis
    • International Crisis Group, No. 137, 21 February
    • International Crisis Group. 2008. Kenya in Crisis. Africa Report No. 137, 21 February.
    • (2008) Africa Report
  • 19
    • 70350324826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN). 2007. Kenya: Clashes, elections and land: Church keeps watch in Molo. 19 July, IRIN, UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Nairobi.
    • Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN). 2007. Kenya: Clashes, elections and land: Church keeps watch in Molo. 19 July, IRIN, UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Nairobi.
  • 20
    • 0013166051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Politics of marionettes: Extra-legal violence and the 1997 elections in Kenya
    • ed. M. Rutten, A. Mazrui and F. Grignon, Kampala: Fountain
    • Kagwanja, P. 2001. Politics of marionettes: Extra-legal violence and the 1997 elections in Kenya. In Out for the count: The 1997 general Count elections and prospects for democracy in Kenya, ed. M. Rutten, A. Mazrui and F. Grignon, 72-101. Kampala: Fountain.
    • (2001) Out for the count: The 1997 general Count elections and prospects for democracy in Kenya , pp. 72-101
    • Kagwanja, P.1
  • 23
    • 84943326540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Still behaving badly
    • Kenya National Commission on Human Rights KNCHR, project. Nairobi: KNCHR
    • Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR). 2007. Still behaving badly. Second periodic report of the election monitoring project. Nairobi: KNCHR.
    • (2007) Second periodic report of the election monitoring
  • 24
    • 70350276883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kenya Land Commission. 1934. Report of the Kenya land commission: The evidence. Nairobi: Government Printer.
    • Kenya Land Commission. 1934. Report of the Kenya land commission: The evidence. Nairobi: Government Printer.
  • 25
    • 70350260268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kenya National Archives (KNA)/District Commissioners (DC). Several DC's annual reports and handing-over reports (HOR) from Nakuru (NKU) and Laikipia (LKP) district.
    • Kenya National Archives (KNA)/District Commissioners (DC). Several DC's annual reports and handing-over reports (HOR) from Nakuru (NKU) and Laikipia (LKP) district.
  • 26
    • 70350341387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KNA/MAC/KEN. Kenya National Archives Murumbi papers
    • KNA/MAC/KEN. Kenya National Archives Murumbi papers.
  • 27
    • 0038058044 scopus 로고
    • Land use in transition
    • Aspects and problems of small-scale farming in a new environment: The example of Laikipia District, Kenya. Berne:, Berne: Geographica Bernesia
    • Kohler, T. 1987. Land use in transition. Aspects and problems of small-scale farming in a new environment: The example of Laikipia District, Kenya. Berne: Geographica Bernesia vol. A5. Berne: Geographica Bernesia.
    • (1987) Geographica Bernesia , vol.A5
    • Kohler, T.1
  • 29
    • 0003734432 scopus 로고
    • Toronto: University of Toronto Press
    • Leo, C. 1984. Land and class in Kenya. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
    • (1984) Land and class in Kenya
    • Leo, C.1
  • 31
    • 85050332029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The political economy of Kenya's crisis
    • Mueller, S. 2008. The political economy of Kenya's crisis. Journal of Eastern African Studies 2, no. 2: 185-210.
    • (2008) Journal of Eastern African Studies , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-210
    • Mueller, S.1
  • 32
    • 0003236018 scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and the renewal of competitive politics in Kenya
    • ed. H. Glickman, Atlanta: African Studies Association
    • Muigai, G. 1995. Ethnicity and the renewal of competitive politics in Kenya. In Ethnic conflict and democratization in Africa, ed. H. Glickman, 161-96. Atlanta: African Studies Association.
    • (1995) Ethnic conflict and democratization in Africa , pp. 161-196
    • Muigai, G.1
  • 33
    • 70350271795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political violence in the elections
    • ed. H. Maupeu, M. Katumangu and W. Mitullah, Nairobi: Transafrica Press
    • Mutahi, P. 2005. Political violence in the elections. In The Moi succession elections 2002, ed. H. Maupeu, M. Katumangu and W. Mitullah, 69-97. Nairobi: Transafrica Press.
    • (2005) The Moi succession elections 2002 , pp. 69-97
    • Mutahi, P.1
  • 39
    • 70350264023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ogot, B. 1996. The decisive years 1956-63. In Decolonization and Independence in Kenya 1940-93, ed. B. Ogot and W. Ochieng, 48-80. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers.
    • Ogot, B. 1996. The decisive years 1956-63. In Decolonization and Independence in Kenya 1940-93, ed. B. Ogot and W. Ochieng, 48-80. Nairobi: East African Educational Publishers.
  • 43
    • 70350281879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity in the Electoral Process: The 1992 General Elections in Kenya
    • Oyugi, W.O. 1997. Ethnicity in the Electoral Process: The 1992 General Elections in Kenya. African Journal of Political Science 2, no. 1: 41-69.
    • (1997) African Journal of Political Science , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-69
    • Oyugi, W.O.1
  • 44
    • 70350273746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional Boundaries Commission. 1962. Kenya: Report of the regional boundaries commission. Presented to parliament by the secretary of state for the colonies by command of Her Majesty. London, UK: HMSO, Cmnd 1899.
    • Regional Boundaries Commission. 1962. Kenya: Report of the regional boundaries commission. Presented to parliament by the secretary of state for the colonies by command of Her Majesty. London, UK: HMSO, Cmnd 1899.
  • 46
    • 70350288157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fresh killings': The Njoro and Laikipia violence in the 1997 Kenyan election aftermath
    • ed. M. Rutten, A. Mazrui and F. Grignon, Kampala: Fountain
    • Rutten, M. 2001. 'Fresh killings': The Njoro and Laikipia violence in the 1997 Kenyan election aftermath. In Out for the count: The 1997 general elections and prospects for democracy in Kenya, ed. M. Rutten, A. Mazrui and F. Grignon, 536-82. Kampala: Fountain.
    • (2001) Out for the count: The 1997 general elections and prospects for democracy in Kenya , pp. 536-582
    • Rutten, M.1
  • 48
    • 70350299331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sang, J. 1997. Kenyatta's grabbing of Gicheha farm/pipeline to Kabarak. Nairobi, mimeo. Sorrenson, M. 1967. Land reform in the Kikuyu Country: A study in government policy. Nairobi and London: Oxford University Press.
    • Sang, J. 1997. Kenyatta's grabbing of Gicheha farm/pipeline to Kabarak. Nairobi, mimeo. Sorrenson, M. 1967. Land reform in the Kikuyu Country: A study in government policy. Nairobi and London: Oxford University Press.
  • 50
    • 70350268751 scopus 로고
    • Afrika Entwicklen und Modernisieren: Paradigmen, Identitätsbildung und kleinbaüerliche Überlebensstrategien
    • Freiburg, Schweiz: Univ.-Verl
    • Sottas B. 1992. Afrika Entwicklen und Modernisieren: Paradigmen, Identitätsbildung und kleinbaüerliche Überlebensstrategien. Studia ethnographica Friburgensia 18, Freiburg, Schweiz: Univ.-Verl.
    • (1992) Studia ethnographica Friburgensia , vol.18
    • Sottas, B.1
  • 52
    • 84972487383 scopus 로고
    • The Maasai and the British 1895-1905: The origins of an alliance
    • Waller, R. 1976. The Maasai and the British 1895-1905: The origins of an alliance. Journal of African History 17, no. 4: 529-53.
    • (1976) Journal of African History , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-553
    • Waller, R.1
  • 54
    • 70350268747 scopus 로고
    • A delicate balance': Resident labour on settler farms in Kenya, until Mau Mau
    • Youé, C. 1987. 'A delicate balance': Resident labour on settler farms in Kenya, until Mau Mau. Canadian Journal of History/Annales Canadiennes d'Histoire 22: 209-28.
    • (1987) Canadian Journal of History/Annales Canadiennes d'Histoire , vol.22 , pp. 209-228
    • Youé, C.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.