Intellectual property rights and access rules for germplasm: Benefit or straitjacket?

Euphytica

Volumn 170, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 229-234

  Ghijsen, Huib ^a  

^a Bayer sa nv Belgium   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Access to genetic resources; Biodiversity; Breeding plant varieties; Intellectual property rights

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350287470     PISSN: 00142336     EISSN: 15735060     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10681-009-9941-4     Document Type: Article

References (11)

1. Convention on Biological Diversity (1994). http://www.cbd.int/convention/convention.shtml.
2. Council Regulation (EC) No 2100/94 of 27 July 1994 on Community plant variety rights. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/.
3. Directive 98/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 1998 on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/.
4. European Patent Convention (EPC) (1973). http://www.epo.org/patents/law/legal-texts/epc.html.
5. Ghijsen H (2002) Property rights on plant varieties. In: Seed policy, legislation and law: Widening a narrow focus, The Haworth Press, pp 195-212.
6. Ghijsen H (2005/2006) Access to germplasm for further breeding in the case of patents and after-sale conditions. Biosci Law Rev 8(2): 87-92.
7. Ghijsen H (2007) Plant breeder's rights: A fair and balanced intellectual property right for plant varieties. Tailoring Biotechnol 3(2):79-98.
8. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2004). ftp://ftp.fao.org/ag/cgrfa/it/ITPGRe.pdf.
9. Le Buanec B (2004) Protection of plant-related innovations: Evolution and current discussion. IP Strategy Today 9:1-19.
10. United States Code Title 35-Patents. http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/pac/mpep/consolidated_laws.pdf.
11. UPOV Convention (1978 & 1991). http://www.upov.int/en/publications/conventions/.