메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 314, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 23-30

Cholinergic and glutamergic receptor functional regulation in long-term, low dose somatotropin and insulin treatment to ageing rats: Rejuvenation of brain function

Author keywords

Ageing; Brain rejuvenation; Cholinergic; Glutamergic; Insulin; Somatotropin

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; GROWTH HORMONE; INSULIN; INSULIN ZINC SUSPENSION; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC M1 RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC M3 RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR;

EID: 70350189973     PISSN: 03037207     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2009.07.028     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (53)
  • 2
    • 29944443930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of excitatory amino acids in the control of growth hormone secretion
    • Aguilar E., Tena-Sempere M., and Pinilla L. Role of excitatory amino acids in the control of growth hormone secretion. Endocrine 28 (2005) 295-302
    • (2005) Endocrine , vol.28 , pp. 295-302
    • Aguilar, E.1    Tena-Sempere, M.2    Pinilla, L.3
  • 3
    • 0037370586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone action on proliferation and differentiation of cerebral cortical cells from fetal rat
    • Ajo R., Cacicedo L., Navarro C., and Sanchez-Franco F. Growth hormone action on proliferation and differentiation of cerebral cortical cells from fetal rat. Endocrinology 144 (2003) 1086-1097
    • (2003) Endocrinology , vol.144 , pp. 1086-1097
    • Ajo, R.1    Cacicedo, L.2    Navarro, C.3    Sanchez-Franco, F.4
  • 4
    • 0002331746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone stimulates proliferation and differentiation of embryonic brain cells via MAP/ERK signaling pathways
    • Ajo R., Cacicdeo L., Gonzalez B., and Sanchez-Franco F. Growth hormone stimulates proliferation and differentiation of embryonic brain cells via MAP/ERK signaling pathways. Abst. 83rd Ann. Mtg. Endocrine Soc., vol. 24 (2001) 1-28
    • (2001) Abst. 83rd Ann. Mtg. Endocrine Soc., vol. 24 , pp. 1-28
    • Ajo, R.1    Cacicdeo, L.2    Gonzalez, B.3    Sanchez-Franco, F.4
  • 5
    • 0024510181 scopus 로고
    • Insulin like growth factor-I (somatomedin-C) receptors in the rat brain: distribution and interaction with the hippocampal cholinergic system
    • Araujo D.M., Lapchak P.A., Collier B., Chabot J.G., and Quirion R. Insulin like growth factor-I (somatomedin-C) receptors in the rat brain: distribution and interaction with the hippocampal cholinergic system. Brain Res. 484 (1989) 130-138
    • (1989) Brain Res. , vol.484 , pp. 130-138
    • Araujo, D.M.1    Lapchak, P.A.2    Collier, B.3    Chabot, J.G.4    Quirion, R.5
  • 6
    • 0025752755 scopus 로고
    • Studies of growth hormone secretion in calorically restricted dogs: effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists, glucose and thyrotropin-releasing hormone
    • Arce V.M., Cella S.G., Locatelli V., and Muller E.E. Studies of growth hormone secretion in calorically restricted dogs: effect of cholinergic agonists and antagonists, glucose and thyrotropin-releasing hormone. Neuroendocrinology 53 (1991) 467-472
    • (1991) Neuroendocrinology , vol.53 , pp. 467-472
    • Arce, V.M.1    Cella, S.G.2    Locatelli, V.3    Muller, E.E.4
  • 7
    • 0023678687 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical and pharmacological evidence for an intrinsic cholinomimetic system modulating prolactin and growth hormone release in rat pituitary
    • Carmeliet P., and Denef C. Immunocytochemical and pharmacological evidence for an intrinsic cholinomimetic system modulating prolactin and growth hormone release in rat pituitary. Endocrinology 123 (1988) 1128-1139
    • (1988) Endocrinology , vol.123 , pp. 1128-1139
    • Carmeliet, P.1    Denef, C.2
  • 8
    • 0004943040 scopus 로고
    • Opioid peptides in the regulation of anterior pituitary hormones
    • Cella S.G., Locatelli V.E., and Muller E. Opioid peptides in the regulation of anterior pituitary hormones. Opioids II 64 (1993) 474-495
    • (1993) Opioids II , vol.64 , pp. 474-495
    • Cella, S.G.1    Locatelli, V.E.2    Muller, E.3
  • 9
    • 0026549668 scopus 로고
    • Central mechanisms subserving the impaired growth hormone secretion induced by persistent blockade of NMDA receptors in immature male rats
    • Cocilovo L., Gennaro V., Colonna D., Zoli M., Biagini G., Settembrini B.P., Muller E.E., and Cocchi D. Central mechanisms subserving the impaired growth hormone secretion induced by persistent blockade of NMDA receptors in immature male rats. Neuroendocrinology 55 (1992) 416-421
    • (1992) Neuroendocrinology , vol.55 , pp. 416-421
    • Cocilovo, L.1    Gennaro, V.2    Colonna, D.3    Zoli, M.4    Biagini, G.5    Settembrini, B.P.6    Muller, E.E.7    Cocchi, D.8
  • 10
    • 3042785985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic stimulation of pancreatic insulin and glucagon release is abolished in M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-deficient mice
    • Duttaroy A., Zimliki C.L., Gautam D., Cui Y., Mears D., and Wess J. Muscarinic stimulation of pancreatic insulin and glucagon release is abolished in M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-deficient mice. Diabetes 53 (2004) 1714-1720
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 1714-1720
    • Duttaroy, A.1    Zimliki, C.L.2    Gautam, D.3    Cui, Y.4    Mears, D.5    Wess, J.6
  • 11
    • 0029783602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dominant dwarfism in transgenic rats by targeting human growth hormone (GH) expression to hypothalamic GH-releasing factor neurons
    • Flavell D.M., Wells T., Wells S.E., Carmignac D.F., Thomas G.B., and Robinson T.C. Dominant dwarfism in transgenic rats by targeting human growth hormone (GH) expression to hypothalamic GH-releasing factor neurons. EMBO J. 15 (1996) 3871-3879
    • (1996) EMBO J. , vol.15 , pp. 3871-3879
    • Flavell, D.M.1    Wells, T.2    Wells, S.E.3    Carmignac, D.F.4    Thomas, G.B.5    Robinson, T.C.6
  • 13
    • 23844480711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol generation is regulated by insulin in cerebral cortex synaptosomes from adult and aged rats
    • Gabriela A., Salvador M.G., Ilincheta D., Boschero S.J., Pasquaré H., and Norma M.G. Phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol generation is regulated by insulin in cerebral cortex synaptosomes from adult and aged rats. J. Neurosci. Res. 8 (2005) 244-252
    • (2005) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 244-252
    • Gabriela, A.1    Salvador, M.G.2    Ilincheta, D.3    Boschero, S.J.4    Pasquaré, H.5    Norma, M.G.6
  • 14
    • 0034786750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and physiological significance of the cholinergic control of pancreatic beta-cell function
    • Gilon P., and Henquin J.C. Mechanisms and physiological significance of the cholinergic control of pancreatic beta-cell function. Endocr. Rev. 22 (2001) 565-604
    • (2001) Endocr. Rev. , vol.22 , pp. 565-604
    • Gilon, P.1    Henquin, J.C.2
  • 15
    • 0032239547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of the neuroregulation of growth hormone secretion in experimental animals and the human
    • Giustina A., and Veldhuis J.D. Pathophysiology of the neuroregulation of growth hormone secretion in experimental animals and the human. Endocr. Rev. 19 (1998) 717-797
    • (1998) Endocr. Rev. , vol.19 , pp. 717-797
    • Giustina, A.1    Veldhuis, J.D.2
  • 17
    • 0023217467 scopus 로고
    • In situ hybridization to rat brain and pituitary gland of growth hormone cDNA
    • Gossard F., Dihl F., Pelletier G., Dubois P.M., and Morel G. In situ hybridization to rat brain and pituitary gland of growth hormone cDNA. Neurosci. Lett. 79 (1987) 251-256
    • (1987) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.79 , pp. 251-256
    • Gossard, F.1    Dihl, F.2    Pelletier, G.3    Dubois, P.M.4    Morel, G.5
  • 18
    • 0032895774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible protective role of growth hormone in hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats
    • Gustafson K., Hagberg H., Bengtsston B.A., Brantsing C., and Isgaard J. Possible protective role of growth hormone in hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats. Pediatr. Res. 45 (1999) 318-323
    • (1999) Pediatr. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 318-323
    • Gustafson, K.1    Hagberg, H.2    Bengtsston, B.A.3    Brantsing, C.4    Isgaard, J.5
  • 19
    • 0021063687 scopus 로고
    • The use of the electroencephalogram in the confirmation of seizures in premature and neonatal infants
    • Hughes J.R., and Gagnon J. The use of the electroencephalogram in the confirmation of seizures in premature and neonatal infants. Neuropediatrics 14 (1983) 213-219
    • (1983) Neuropediatrics , vol.14 , pp. 213-219
    • Hughes, J.R.1    Gagnon, J.2
  • 20
    • 0034007213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative and functional characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes in insulin-secreting cell lines and rat pancreatic islets
    • Iismaa T.P., Kerr E.A., Wilson J.R., Carpenter L., Sims N., and Biden T.J. Quantitative and functional characterization of muscarinic receptor subtypes in insulin-secreting cell lines and rat pancreatic islets. Diabetes 49 (2000) 392-398
    • (2000) Diabetes , vol.49 , pp. 392-398
    • Iismaa, T.P.1    Kerr, E.A.2    Wilson, J.R.3    Carpenter, L.4    Sims, N.5    Biden, T.J.6
  • 21
    • 0033084191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors are present and increase intracellular calcium in adult rat anterior pituitary gland
    • Ildikó P., Georg M., Zsolt N., Gábor B., and Makara. Muscarinic M1 and M3 receptors are present and increase intracellular calcium in adult rat anterior pituitary gland. Brain Res. Bull. 48 (1999) 449-456
    • (1999) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.48 , pp. 449-456
    • Ildikó, P.1    Georg, M.2    Zsolt, N.3    Gábor, B.4    Makara5
  • 22
    • 0025802664 scopus 로고
    • The role of the cholinergic pathway in growth hormone feedback
    • Kelijman M., and Frohman L.A. The role of the cholinergic pathway in growth hormone feedback. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72 (1991) 1081-1087
    • (1991) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.72 , pp. 1081-1087
    • Kelijman, M.1    Frohman, L.A.2
  • 23
    • 0028023126 scopus 로고
    • Effects of insulin and hypoglycaemia on the auditory brain stem response in humans
    • Kern W., Kerner W., Pietrowsky R., Fehm H.L., and Born J. Effects of insulin and hypoglycaemia on the auditory brain stem response in humans. J. Neurophysiol. 72 (1994) 678-683
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 678-683
    • Kern, W.1    Kerner, W.2    Pietrowsky, R.3    Fehm, H.L.4    Born, J.5
  • 24
    • 0029965376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental regulation of pituitary growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene expression in the rat
    • Korytko A.I.P., and Zeitler L.C. Developmental regulation of pituitary growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor gene expression in the rat. Endocrinology 137 (1996) 1326-1331
    • (1996) Endocrinology , vol.137 , pp. 1326-1331
    • Korytko, A.I.P.1    Zeitler, L.C.2
  • 25
    • 17044420428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age related effects of IGF-1 on the NMDA, GH and IGF-1 receptor mRNA transcripts in the rat hippocampus
    • Le Greves M., Le Greves P., and Nybeerg F. Age related effects of IGF-1 on the NMDA, GH and IGF-1 receptor mRNA transcripts in the rat hippocampus. Brain Res. Bull. 65 (2005) 369-374
    • (2005) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.65 , pp. 369-374
    • Le Greves, M.1    Le Greves, P.2    Nybeerg, F.3
  • 26
    • 0037076291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth hormone induces age-dependent alteration in the expression of hippocampal growth hormone receptor and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits gene transcripts in male rats
    • Le Greves M., Steensland P., Le Greves P., and Nyberg F. Growth hormone induces age-dependent alteration in the expression of hippocampal growth hormone receptor and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunits gene transcripts in male rats. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (2002) 7119-7123
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.99 , pp. 7119-7123
    • Le Greves, M.1    Steensland, P.2    Le Greves, P.3    Nyberg, F.4
  • 27
    • 0022871815 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic agonist and antagonist drugs modulate the growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in the rat: evidence for mediation by somatostatin
    • Locatelli V., Torsello A., Redaelli M., Ghigo E., Massare F., and Muller E.E. Cholinergic agonist and antagonist drugs modulate the growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in the rat: evidence for mediation by somatostatin. J. Endocrinol. 111 (1986) 271-278
    • (1986) J. Endocrinol. , vol.111 , pp. 271-278
    • Locatelli, V.1    Torsello, A.2    Redaelli, M.3    Ghigo, E.4    Massare, F.5    Muller, E.E.6
  • 29
    • 0022547886 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of the cholinergic tone by pyridostigmine bromide re-instates and potentiates the growth hormone responsiveness to intermittent administration of growth-hormone-releasing factor in man
    • Massara F., Ghigo E., Molinatti P., Mazza E., Locatelli V., Muller E.E., and camanni F. Potentiation of the cholinergic tone by pyridostigmine bromide re-instates and potentiates the growth hormone responsiveness to intermittent administration of growth-hormone-releasing factor in man. Acta Endocrinol. 113 (1986) 12-16
    • (1986) Acta Endocrinol. , vol.113 , pp. 12-16
    • Massara, F.1    Ghigo, E.2    Molinatti, P.3    Mazza, E.4    Locatelli, V.5    Muller, E.E.6    camanni, F.7
  • 31
    • 0019127678 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors on intact rat anterior pituitary cells
    • Mukherjee A.G., Snyder G., and Mccann S.M. Characterization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors on intact rat anterior pituitary cells. Life Sci. 27 (1980) 475-482
    • (1980) Life Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 475-482
    • Mukherjee, A.G.1    Snyder, G.2    Mccann, S.M.3
  • 32
    • 0027304694 scopus 로고
    • Effects of IGF-1, truncated IGF-1 and the tripeptide Gly-Pro-Glu on acetylcholine release from parietal cortex of rat brain
    • Nilsson-Hakansson L., Civiler I., Zhang X., Carlsson-Skwirut C., Sara V.R., and Nordberg A. Effects of IGF-1, truncated IGF-1 and the tripeptide Gly-Pro-Glu on acetylcholine release from parietal cortex of rat brain. Neuroreport 4 (1993) 1111-1114
    • (1993) Neuroreport , vol.4 , pp. 1111-1114
    • Nilsson-Hakansson, L.1    Civiler, I.2    Zhang, X.3    Carlsson-Skwirut, C.4    Sara, V.R.5    Nordberg, A.6
  • 33
    • 0021841594 scopus 로고
    • Human blood brain barrier insulin receptor
    • Pardridge W.M., Eisenberg J., and Yang J. Human blood brain barrier insulin receptor. J. Neurochem. 44 (1985) 1771-1778
    • (1985) J. Neurochem. , vol.44 , pp. 1771-1778
    • Pardridge, W.M.1    Eisenberg, J.2    Yang, J.3
  • 34
    • 56049084627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic gene expression in low dose, long time insulin and somatotropin treatment to ageing rats: rejuvenation of brain function
    • Paulose C.S., and Balakrishnan S. Adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic gene expression in low dose, long time insulin and somatotropin treatment to ageing rats: rejuvenation of brain function. Biogerontology 9 (2008) 429-439
    • (2008) Biogerontology , vol.9 , pp. 429-439
    • Paulose, C.S.1    Balakrishnan, S.2
  • 35
    • 0020586493 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic and histaminergic involvement in the growth hormone-releasing effect of an enkephalin analog FK 33-824 in man
    • Penalva A., Villanueva L., Casanueva F.F., Cavagnini F., Gomez-Pan A., and Muller E.E. Cholinergic and histaminergic involvement in the growth hormone-releasing effect of an enkephalin analog FK 33-824 in man. Psychopharmacology 80 (1983) 120-123
    • (1983) Psychopharmacology , vol.80 , pp. 120-123
    • Penalva, A.1    Villanueva, L.2    Casanueva, F.F.3    Cavagnini, F.4    Gomez-Pan, A.5    Muller, E.E.6
  • 37
    • 0019466258 scopus 로고
    • Uptake of exogenous glutamate and aspartate by circumventricular organs but not other regions of brain
    • Price M.T., Olney J.W., Lowry O.H., and Buchsbaum S.B. Uptake of exogenous glutamate and aspartate by circumventricular organs but not other regions of brain. J. Neurochem. 36 (1981) 1774-1780
    • (1981) J. Neurochem. , vol.36 , pp. 1774-1780
    • Price, M.T.1    Olney, J.W.2    Lowry, O.H.3    Buchsbaum, S.B.4
  • 39
    • 0028953083 scopus 로고
    • Massive weight loss restores 24-hours growth hormone release profiles and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in obese subjects
    • Rasmussen M.H., Hvidberg A., Juul A., Main K.M., Gotfredsen A., Skakkebae N.E.J., and Hilsted J. Massive weight loss restores 24-hours growth hormone release profiles and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in obese subjects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80 (1995) 1407-1415
    • (1995) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.80 , pp. 1407-1415
    • Rasmussen, M.H.1    Hvidberg, A.2    Juul, A.3    Main, K.M.4    Gotfredsen, A.5    Skakkebae, N.E.J.6    Hilsted, J.7
  • 40
    • 4444275484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations in the muscarinic M1 and M3 receptor gene expression in the brain stem during pancreatic regeneration and insulin secretion in weanling rat
    • Renuka T.R., Ani D.V., and Paulose C.S. Alterations in the muscarinic M1 and M3 receptor gene expression in the brain stem during pancreatic regeneration and insulin secretion in weanling rat. Life Sci. 75 (2004) 2269-2280
    • (2004) Life Sci. , vol.75 , pp. 2269-2280
    • Renuka, T.R.1    Ani, D.V.2    Paulose, C.S.3
  • 41
    • 33744792330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased insulin secretion by muscarinic M1 and M3 receptor function from rat pancreatic islets in vitro
    • Renuka T.R., Remya R., and Paulose C.S. Increased insulin secretion by muscarinic M1 and M3 receptor function from rat pancreatic islets in vitro. Neurochem. Res. 3 (2006) 313-320
    • (2006) Neurochem. Res. , vol.3 , pp. 313-320
    • Renuka, T.R.1    Remya, R.2    Paulose, C.S.3
  • 42
    • 0022005564 scopus 로고
    • Effect of insulin and glucose on feeding behaviour
    • Rodin J., Wack J., Ferrennini E., and DeFronzo R.A. Effect of insulin and glucose on feeding behaviour. Metabolism 34 (1985) 826-831
    • (1985) Metabolism , vol.34 , pp. 826-831
    • Rodin, J.1    Wack, J.2    Ferrennini, E.3    DeFronzo, R.A.4
  • 45
    • 0348047436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of growth hormone on neuronal apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia in the neonatal rat brain
    • Shin D.H., Lee E., Kim J.W., Kwon B.S., Jung M.K., Jee Y.H., Kim J., Ba S.R., and Chang Y.P. Protective effect of growth hormone on neuronal apoptosis after hypoxia-ischemia in the neonatal rat brain. Neurosci. Lett. 354 (2004) 64-68
    • (2004) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.354 , pp. 64-68
    • Shin, D.H.1    Lee, E.2    Kim, J.W.3    Kwon, B.S.4    Jung, M.K.5    Jee, Y.H.6    Kim, J.7    Ba, S.R.8    Chang, Y.P.9
  • 48
    • 14244266395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of long-lived Ames dwarf mice
    • Sun L.Y., Evans M.S., Hsieh J., Panici J., and Bartke A. Increased neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of long-lived Ames dwarf mice. Endocrinology 146 (2005) 1138-1144
    • (2005) Endocrinology , vol.146 , pp. 1138-1144
    • Sun, L.Y.1    Evans, M.S.2    Hsieh, J.3    Panici, J.4    Bartke, A.5
  • 49
    • 0023693123 scopus 로고
    • Variable plasma growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH responses to clonidine, l-Dopa and insulin in normal men
    • Tapanainen P., Knip M., Lautala P., and Leppaluoto J. Variable plasma growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone and GH responses to clonidine, l-Dopa and insulin in normal men. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 67 (1988) 845-849
    • (1988) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.67 , pp. 845-849
    • Tapanainen, P.1    Knip, M.2    Lautala, P.3    Leppaluoto, J.4
  • 50
    • 0033966390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion by different glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat
    • Tena-Sempere M., Pinilla L., González L.C., and Aguilar E. Regulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion by different glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat. Amino Acids 18 (2000) 1-16
    • (2000) Amino Acids , vol.18 , pp. 1-16
    • Tena-Sempere, M.1    Pinilla, L.2    González, L.C.3    Aguilar, E.4
  • 51
    • 0036828768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppressor of cytokine signaling to regulates neuronal differentiation by inhibiting growth hormone signaling
    • Turnley A.M., Faux C.H., Rietze R.L., Coonan J.R., and Bartlett P.F. Suppressor of cytokine signaling to regulates neuronal differentiation by inhibiting growth hormone signaling. Nat. Neurosci. 5 (2002) 1155-1162
    • (2002) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.5 , pp. 1155-1162
    • Turnley, A.M.1    Faux, C.H.2    Rietze, R.L.3    Coonan, J.R.4    Bartlett, P.F.5
  • 52
    • 0021928693 scopus 로고
    • The influence of age on the twenty-four hour integrated concentration of growth hormone in normal individuals
    • Zadik Z., Chalew S.A., Mccarter R.J., Meistas M., and Kowarski A.A. The influence of age on the twenty-four hour integrated concentration of growth hormone in normal individuals. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 60 (1985) 513-516
    • (1985) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.60 , pp. 513-516
    • Zadik, Z.1    Chalew, S.A.2    Mccarter, R.J.3    Meistas, M.4    Kowarski, A.A.5
  • 53
    • 1842633872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin and the insulin receptor in experimental models of learning and memory
    • Zhao W.Q., Chen H., Quon M.J., and Alkon D.L. Insulin and the insulin receptor in experimental models of learning and memory. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 490 (2004) 71-81
    • (2004) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.490 , pp. 71-81
    • Zhao, W.Q.1    Chen, H.2    Quon, M.J.3    Alkon, D.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.