Local democracy online: Driven by crisis, legitimacy, resources, or communication gaps?

Journal of Information Technology and Politics

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 79-99

  Haug, Are Vegard ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Center periphery relations; Contingency models; Digital divides; E participation; Information technology; Local democracy; Outsourcing; Political communication

Indexed keywords

EID: 70350151281     PISSN: 19331681     EISSN: 1933169X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19331680802076140     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Åström, J. (2004). Mot en digital demokrati? Teknik, politikk och institusjonell förandring (PhD). Örebro, Sweden: Universitetsbiblioteket.
2. Baldersheim, H., Pettersen, P. A., Rose, L. E., & Øgård, M. (2003). Er smått så godt? Er stort så flott? Analyser av kommunestrukturens betydning, Institutt for statsvitenskap. Forskningsrapport 1/2003. Det samfunnsvitenskapelige fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo. Norway: Unipub AS.
3. Becker, T. (1981). The Futurist, December edition.
4. Burns, T., & Stalker, G. M. (1961). The management of innovation. London: Tavistock Publications.
5. Christensen, D. A., & Aars, J. (2002). Teknologi og demokrati. Med norske kommuner på nett! Notat 29-2002. Bergen, Norway: Rokkansenteret. Universitetsforskning i Bergen.
6. Cohill, A. M., & Kavanaugh A. L. (Eds.). (2000). Community networks: Lessons from Blacksburg, Virginia (2nd ed.). Norwood, MA: Artech House, Inc.
7. Criado, I. J., & Ramilo, M. C. (2003). E-government in practice. An analysis of Web site orientation to the citizens in Spanish municipalities. The International Journal of Public sector Management, 16(3), 191-218.
8. Dahl, R. A. (1989). Democracy and its critics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
9. Dahl, R. A., & Tufte, E. R. (1973). Size and democracy. Boston: Stanford University Press.
10. Danziger J. N., Dutton W. H., Kling R, & Kraemer K. L. (1982). Computers and politics: High technology in American local governments. New York: Columbia University Press.
11. DiMaggio, P. J., & Powell, W.W. (1991). Introduction. In Powel&DiMaggio (red.), The new institutionalism in organisational analyses (pp. 1-38). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
12. Fountain, J. E. (2001). Building the virtual state, information technology and institutional change. Washington, DC: Bookings Institution Press.
13. Frønes, I. (2002). Digitale skiller: Utfordringer og strategier. Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget.
14. Graft, P. van, & Svensson, J. (2006). Explaining edemocracy development: A quantitative empirical study. Information Policy, 11, 123-134.
15. Graubard, S. R. (1986).Norden: The passion for equality. Oslo, Norway: Norwegian University Press.
16. Grönlund, Å., & Ranerup, A. (red) (2001). Elektronisk förvaltning, elektronisk demokrati. Visjoner, virkelighet. Vidareutveckling, Sweden: Studentlitteratur.
17. Gurstein, M. (Ed.). 2000. Community informatics: Enabling communities with information and communication technologies. London: Idea Group Publishing.
18. Hacker K. L., & van Dijk, J. (2000). Digital democracy, issues on theory&practice. London: SAGE Publications.
19. Hagen, M. (1998). A typology of electronic democracy. RetrievedNov. 13th. 2003 from http://www.unigiessen.de/fb03/vinci/labore/nez/hag-en.htm
20. Haug, A. V., & Øgård, M. (in press). Det e-demokratiske mulighetsrommet. Avdeling for forvaltning sinformatikk og Institutt for statsvitenskap. Universitetet i Oslo, Norway Rapportseriene.
21. Heidar, K. (Ed.). (2004). Nordic Politics. Comparative Perspectives. Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget.
22. Held, D. (1996). Models of Democracy. Oxford, England: Polity Press.
23. Hoff, J., Horrocks, I., & Tops, P. (2000). Democratic governance and new technology: Technologically mediated innovations in political practice in Western Europe. London & New York: Routledge.
24. Hoffer, J. A., George, J. F., & Valacich, J. S. (1999). Modern systems analysis & design. San Francisco: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
25. Korac-Kacabadse, A., & Korac-Kacabadse, N. (1999). Information technology's impact on the quality of democracy-Reinventing the "democratic vessel". In Heeks, R. (Ed.), Reinventing Government in the Information Age, International practice in IT-enabled public sector reform (pp. 211-228). London & New York: Routledge.
26. La Porte, T. M., Demchak C. C, & de Jong, M. (2002). Democracy and Bureaucracy in the Age of the Web: Empirical Findings and Theoretical Speculations. Administration & Society, 34, 411.
27. Loader D. B. (1998). Cyberspace divide, equality, agency and policy in the information society. London & New York: Routledge.
28. Levin, M., Fossen, Ø., & Gjersvik, R. (1994). Ledelse og teknologi. Innføring i organisasjon og ledelse for tekniske høgskoler. Oslo, Norway: Universitetsforlaget
29. March, J. G., & Olsen, J. P. (1989). Rediscovering institutions: The organizational basis of politics. New York, NY: Free Press.
30. Mayer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutional organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American Journal of Sociology, 83, 340-363.
31. Norges offentlige utredninger. (2003). Makt og demokrati. Sluttrapport fra Makt-og demokratiut redningen. NOU 2003:19. Oslo, Norway: Statens forvaltningstjeneste. Informasjonsforvaltning.
32. Norsk Gallup Institutt AS. (2003). TNS Galupp INTERtrack 3.kv 2003, Oslo, Norway: Internett Research.
33. Norris, P. (2001). Digital divide: Civic engagement, information poverty, and the Internet worldwide. England: Cambridge University Press.
34. OECD. (2005, August). OECD e-Government Studies Norway. Source OECD, 2005 (22), i-202.
35. Olsen, L., Reiper, O., & Christensen, S. (2002). Netdemokrati i lokalt perspektiv-belyst gjennem et litteraturstudie, Amternes og kommunernes forskningsinstitutt. Denmark. Retrieved November 14, 2003 from http://www.socsci.auc.dk/institut2/nopsa/arbejdsgruppe14/akf1.pdf
36. Rokkan, S., & Urwin, D. W. (1983). Economy, territory, identity: Politics of West European peripheries. London: Sage.
37. Rose, L.E. (2005). Demokratiteori-forventninger og virkelighet. In Baldersheim and Rose (Eds.): Det kommunale aboratorium. Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget.
38. Schuler, D. (1996). New community networks: Wired for change. New York: ACM Press
39. Scott, J. K. (2005). Assessing the quality of municipal government Web Sites. State and Local Government Review, 37(2), 151-165.
40. Scott, James K. (2006). "E" the people: Do U.S. municipal government Web sites support public involvement? Public Administrative Review, 66(3), 341-353.
41. Selle, P. (2003). Økt statsmakt-lokaldemokratiets forvitring. Lecture given during the final conference for the Power and Democracy study, August 26th 2003, Oslo, Norway.
42. SKTF. (2002). Hur står det till med e-demokratin? Om elektronisk demokrati i samtliga Sveriges kommuner och i Stockholms og Göteborgs statsdelar. Stockholm: SKTF rapport 2002.
43. SSB. (2003). StatisticsNorway/KOSTRA 2003: http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/00/20/kostra/
44. Torpe, L., & Nielsen, J. (2002). Åbenhed og Dialog. En vurdering af kommunernes hjemmesider 2002. Retrieved November 11th 2003 from http://www.socsci.auc.dk/digdem/publikationer.htm
45. Tsagarousianou, R. (1998). Cyberdemocracy, technology, cities and civic networks. London & New York: Routledge.
46. Weare, C., Musso, J. A., Hale M. L. (1999). Electronic democracy and the diffusion of municipal Web pages in California. Administration&Society, 31(1), 3-27.
47. Wollebæk, D. & Selle, P. (2002). Det nye organisasjonssamfunnet- Demokrati i omforming. Bergen, Norway: Fagbokforlaget.
48. Østerud, Ø. (2003). Samfunnets nye maktkonstellasjoner- Maktutredningens hovedkonklusjoner. Lecture given during the final conference for the Power and Democracy study, August 26th 2003, Oslo, Norway.
49. Østerud, Ø. (ed.) (2007). Norway in transition: Transforming a stable democracy. London: Routledge.