Study on quantitative classification of seasonal snow using specific surface area and intrinsic permeability

Cold Regions Science and Technology

Volumn 59, Issue 2-3, 2009, Pages 163-168

  Arakawa, Hayato ^a,b   Izumi, Kaoru ^b   Kawashima, Katsuhisa ^b   Kawamura, Toshiyuki ^c  

^a Yagai Kagaku Company Ltd   (Japan)

^b NIIGATA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^c HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Intrinsic permeability; Metamorphism of snow; Snow type quantification; Specific surface area

Indexed keywords

DARCY'S LAW; DOUBLE CYLINDER; DRY SNOW; HOKKAIDO; IN-SITU; INTRINSIC PERMEABILITY; METAMORPHISM OF SNOW; PER UNIT; PERMEAMETERS; RELEASE MECHANISM; SNOW AVALANCHE; SNOW COVERS; SNOW DENSITY; SNOW SAMPLES; STEREOLOGICAL METHODS; TEMPERATURE GRADIENT;

CAPILLARITY; FLUID DYNAMICS; LAMINAR FLOW; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MICROSTRUCTURE; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA;

AVALANCHES (SNOWSLIDES);

AVALANCHE; DARCY LAW; FREEZING; MELTING; METAMORPHISM; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERMEABILITY; SNOW COVER; TEMPERATURE GRADIENT;

ASIA; EURASIA; FAR EAST; HOKKAIDO; JAPAN;

SIMIAN SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED VIRUS;

EID: 70350127213     PISSN: 0165232X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2009.07.004     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Arakawa H., Izumi K., Kawashima K., and Kawamura T. Relationship between specific surface area per unit volume and microstructure of seasonal snow cover. Seppyo 71 1 (2008) 3-12 (in Japanese with English abstract)
2. Armstrong R.L., and Brun E. Snow and climate-physical processes, surface energy exchange and modeling (2008), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K. 42
3. Brun E., David P., Sudul M., and Brunot G. A numerical model to simulate snow-cover stratigraphy for operational avalanche forecasting. J. Glaciol. 30 128 (1992) 13-22
4. Colbeck S.C., Akitaya E., Armstrong R., Gubler H., Lafeuille J., Lied K., McClung D., and Morris E. The international classification of seasonal snow on the ground. Int. Comm. on Snow and Ice (1990), Int. Assoc. Sci. Hydrol., Wallingford, U.K.
5. DeWall D.R., and Rango A. Principles of Snow Hydrology (2008), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U.K. 49
6. Domine F., Taillandier A.-S., and Simpson W.R. A parameterization of the specific surface area of seasonal snow for field use and for models of snowpack evolution. J. Geophys. Res. 112 (2007) F02031 10.1029/2006JF000512
7. Fierz C., Armstrong R.L., Durand Y., Etchevers P., Greene E., McClung D.M., Nishimura K., Satyawali P.K., and Sokratov S.A. The 2008 international classification of seasonal snow on the ground. Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop Whistler 2008. International Snow Science Workshop Whistler 2008 (2008), British Colombia, Whistler 579-580
8. Hachikubo A., Arakawa H., Nishida K., Fukuzawa T., and Akitaya E. Section planes of snow specimens visualized with Sudan black B. Polar Meteorol. Glaciol. 14 (2000) 103-109
9. Kerbrat M., Pinzer B., Huthwelker T., Gaggeler H.W., Ammann M., and Schneebeli M. Measuring the specific surface area of snow with X-ray tomography and gas adsorption: comparison and implications for surface smoothness. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8 (2008) 1261-1275
10. Legagneux L., Cabanes A., and Domine F. Measurement of the specific surface area of 176 snow samples using methane adsorption at 77 K. J. Geophys. Res. 107 D17 (2002) 4335 10.1029/2001JD001016
11. Matzl, M., 2006. Quantifying the stratigraphy of snow profiles. PhD thesis, ETH Zurich, 78pp.
12. Matzl M., and Schneebeli M. Measuring specific surface area of snow by near-infrared photography. J. Glaciol. 52 179 (2006) 558-564
13. Narita H. Measurement of the specific surface of the deposited snow I. Low Temp. Sci. A27 (1969) 77-86 (in Japanese with English summary)
14. Narita H. Measurement of the specific surface of the deposited snow II. Low Temp. Sci. A29 (1971) 69-79 (in Japanese with English summary)
15. Perla R., and Dozier J. Observation of snow structure (1984). http://www.avalanche.org/~moonstone/snowpack/observations%20of%20snow%20structure.htm http://www.avalanche.org/~moonstone/snowpack/observations of snow structure.htm (accessed 14/Jul/2008)
16. Rick U., and Albert M. Microstructure of West Antarctic Firn and its Effect on Air Permeability. CREEL TR-04-16, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, N.H (2004) 79pp.
17. Shimizu H. Air permeability of deposited snow. Contr. Instrum. Low Temp. Sci. A22 (1970) 1-32
18. Smith S.C., and Guttman L. Measurement of internal boundaries in three dimensional structure by random sectioning. J. Met. 5 1 (1953) 81-87
19. Sommerfeld R.A., and LaChapelle E. The classification of snow metamorphism. J. Glaciol. 9 55 (1970) 3-17
20. Sommerfeld R.A., and Rocchio J.E. Permeability measurements on new equitemperature snow. Water Resour. Res. 28 8 (1993) 2485-2490
21. Taillandier A.-S., Domine F., Simpson W.R., Sturm M., and Douglas T.A. Rate of decrease of the specific surface area of dry snow: isothermal and temperature gradient conditions. J. Geophys. Res. 112 (2007) F03003 10.1029/2006JF000514