Prevalence of typical circle of Willis and the variation in the anterior communicating artery: A study of a Sri Lankan population

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 157-161

  De Silva, K Ranil D ^a   Silva, Rukmal ^a   Gunasekera, W S L ^b   Jayesekera, R W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SRI JAYEWARDENEPURA   (Sri Lanka)

^b NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF SRI LANKA   (Sri Lanka)

^c UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO   (Sri Lanka)

Author keywords

Anatomical study; Anterior communicating artery; Circle of Willis; Hypoplasia; Ischemic stroke

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ANATOMICAL VARIATION; ANEURYSM; ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY; ANTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY; ARTERY DIAMETER; ARTICLE; BRAIN CIRCULUS ARTERIOSUS; CADAVER; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; HYPOPLASIA; MALE; POPULATION RESEARCH; POSTERIOR COMMUNICATING ARTERY; SRI LANKA;

EID: 70350103853     PISSN: 09722327     EISSN: 19983549     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0972-2327.56314     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Anand K, Chowdhury D, Singh KB, Pandav CS, Kapoor SK. Estimation of mortality and morbidity of strokes in India. Neuroepidemiology 2001;20:208.11.
2. Gunatilake SB, Gunatilake HC. Young strokes: An increasing problem. Oral presentation, 104th Anniversary Academic Sessions of the Sri Lanka Medical Association, Sri Lanka. 1991 March: 25.
3. Blecic S, Bogousslavsky J. Stroke in young adults. In: Barnett HJ, Mohr JP, Stein BM, Atsu FM, editors. Stroke-path physiology, diagnosis and management. 3rd ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1998. p. 1001.12.
4. Seneviratne BI, Ameratunga B. Strokes in young adults. Br Med J 1972;3:791-793
5. De Silva KRD, Gamage R, Wewelwala CC, Gunarathna D, Kittner SJ, Sirisena D, et al. Young strokes in Sri Lanka: An unsolved problem. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis.2009; 14:304-308.
6. Fetterman GH, Moran TJ. Anomalies of the circle of Willis in relation to cerebral softening. Arch Pathol. 1941; 32: 251.7.
7. Alpers BJ, Berry RG. Circle of Willis in cerebral vascular disorders. Arch Neurol. 1963;8:398.402.
8. Battacharji SK, Hutchinson EC, McCall AJ. The circle of Willis: The incidence of developmental abnormalities in normal and infracted brains. Brain. 1967; 90: 747.58.
9. Henderson RD, Eliasziw M, Fox AJ, Rothwell PM, Barnett HJ. Angiographically defined collateral circulation and risk of stroke in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis. Stroke 2000;31:128.32.
10. Mull M, Schwarz M, Thron A. Cerebral hemispheric low-ß ow infarcts in arterial occlusive disease: Lesion patterns and angiomorphological conditions. Stroke 1997;28:118.23.
11. Miralles M, Dolz JL, Cotillas J, Aldoma J, Santiso MA, Gimenez A, et al. The role of the circle of Willis in carotid occlusion: Assessment with phase contrast MR angiography and transcranial duplex. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1995;10:424.30.
12. Shomer DF, Marks MP, Steinberg GK, Johnstone IM, Boothroyd DB, Ross MR, et al. The anatomy of the posterior communicating artery as a risk factor for ischemic cerebral infarction. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1565.70.
13. Barboriak DP, Provenzale JM. Pictorial review: Magnetic resonance angiography of arterial variants at the circle of Willis. Clin Radiol 1997;52:429.36.
14. Hillen B. The variability of the circle of Willis: Univariate and bivariate analysis. Acta Morphol Neth Scand 1986;24:87.101.
15. Hillen B. The variability of the circulus arteriosus (Willisii): Order or anarchy. Acta Anat (Basel) 1987;129:74.80.
16. Krabbe-Hartkamp MJ, Van der Grond J, de Leeuw FE, de Groot JC, Algra A, Hillen B, et al. Circle of Willis: Morphological variation on MR angiograms. Radiology 1998;207:103.11.
17. Vare AM, Bansal PC. Arterial Pattern at the base of the human brain. J Anat Soc India 1970;19:71-79
18. Alpers BJ, Berry RG, Paddison RM. Anatomical studies of the circle of Willis in normal brain. Arch Neurol Psychiat 1959;81:409-418
19. Fawcett E, Blachford JV. The circle of Willis. An examination of 700 specimens. J Anat and Physiol 1905;40:63-70.
20. Riggs HE, Rupp C. Variations in form of circle of Willis. Arch Neurol. 1963;8:8-14.
21. Reddy DR, Prabhakar V, Rao BD. Anatomical Study of Circle of Willis. Neurology India 1972;20:8-12.
22. Puchades-Orts A, Nombela-Gomez M, Ortuno-Pacheco G. Variation in form of Circle of Willis: Some anatomical and embryological considerations. Anat Rec 1976;185:119-123
23. Ozaki T, Handa H, Tomomoto K, Hazama F. Anatomical variations of the arterial system of the base of the brain. Arch Jap Chir 1977;46:3-17.
24. Fujimoto K, Tanaka O. Morphological examination of the circulus arteriosus cerebri humani (circle of Willis) I. Anterior and posterior communicating arteries. Acta Anatomica (Nippon) 1989;64:481-489
25. Eftekhar B, Dadmehr M, Ansari S, Ghodsi M, Nazparvar B, Ketabchi E. Are the distributions of variations of circle of Willis different in different populations? . Results of an anatomical study and review of literature. BMC Neurol 2006;6:22.
26. Kapoor K, Singh B, Dewan LI. Variations in the configuration of the circle of Willis. Anat Sci Int 2008;83:96-106.
27. Tandon PN. Epidemological study on subarachnoid haemorrhage in India (1972-1975). ICMR.1987; 1-34.
28. Fisher CM. The circle of Willis: Anatomical variations. Vasc Dis 1965;2:99-105.
29. Hoksbergen AW, Fulesdi B, Legemate DA, Csiba L. Collateral configuration of the circle of Willis: Transcranial color-coded duplex ultrasonography and comparison with postmortem anatomy. Stroke 2000;31:1346.51.
30. Kamath S. Observations on the length and diameter of vessels forming the circle of Willis. J Anat 1981;133:419.23.
31. Moossy J. Pathology of cerebral atherosclerosis. Inß uence of age, race, and gender. Stroke 1993;24:I22.3; I31.2.
32. Lee JH, Han SJ, Yun YH, Choi HC, Jung S, Cho SJ, et al. Posterior circulation ischemic stroke in Korean population. Eur J Neurol 2006;13:742-748
33. Bogousslavsky J, Melle GV, Regli F. The Lausanne stroke registry: analysis of 1000 consecutive patients with first stroke. Stroke 1988;19:1083.92.
34. Moulin T, Tatu L, Crépin-Leblond T, Chavot D, Bergès S, Rumbach T. The BesanÇon stroke registry: An acute stroke registry of 2500 consecutive patients. European Neurology 1997;38:10.20.
35. Truelsen T, Bonita R, Jamrozik K. Surveillance of stroke: A global perspective. Int J Epidemiol 2001;30:S11.6.
36. Lazorthes G, Gouaze A, Santini JJ, Salamon G. The arterial circle of the brain (circulus arteriosus cerebri). Anatomia Clinica 1979;1:241-257
37. Milenkovic Z, Vucetic R, Puzic M. Asymmetry and anomalies of the circle of Willis in fetal brain. Microsurgical study and functional remarks. Surg Neurol 1985;24:563-570
38. Stehbens WE. Etiology of intracranial berry aneurysms. J Neurosurg 1989;70:823-831
39. Vasovic L, Milenkovic Z, Pavlovic S. Comparative morphological variations and abnormalities of circles of Willis: A mini review including two personal cases. Neurosurg Rev 2002;25:247-251