Does hunting regulate cougar populations? A test of the compensatory mortality hypothesis

Ecology

Volumn 90, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 2913-2921

  Cooley, Hilary S ^a,c   Wielgus, Robert B ^a   Koehler, Gary M ^b   Robinson, Hugh S ^a,d   Maletzke, Benjamin T ^a  

^a WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE   (United States)

^c Wildlife Demographics   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA   (United States)

Author keywords

Carnivore; Compensatory mortality hypothesis; Cougar; Density; Emigration; Hunting; Immigration; Mortality; Population growth; Puma concolor; Source sink; Survival

Indexed keywords

CARNIVORE; EMIGRATION; ESTIMATION METHOD; HUNTING; MAMMAL; MORTALITY; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION GROWTH; POPULATION REGULATION; SURVIVAL; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN ACTIVITIES; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PUMA; REPRODUCTION; UNITED STATES;

ANIMALS; FEMALE; HUMAN ACTIVITIES; HUMANS; MALE; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PUMA; REPRODUCTION; WASHINGTON;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [UNITED STATES];

PUMA CONCOLOR;

EID: 70349957885     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/08-1805.1     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Akçakaya, H. R. 2002. RAMAS Metapopulations: viability analysis for stage-structured metapopulations. Version 4.0. Applied Biomathematics, Setauket, New York, USA.
2. Anderson, C. R., Jr., and F. G. Lindzey. 2005. Experimental evaluation of population trend and harvest composition in a Wyoming cougar population. Wildlife Society Bulletin 33: 179-188.
3. Bailey, R. G., P. E. Avers, T. King, and W. H. McNab, editors. 1994. Ecoregions and subregions of the United States (1:7,500,000 map). USDA Forest Service, Washington, D.C., USA.
4. Bartmann, R. M., G. C. White, and L. H. Carpenter. 1992. Compensatory mortality in a Colorado mule deer population. Wildlife Monographs 121:1-39.
5. Burnham, K. P., and D. R. Anderson. 1984. Tests of compensatory vs. additive hypothesis of mortality in mallards. Ecology 65:105-112.
6. Case, T. J. 2000. An illustrated guide to theoretical ecology. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
7. Caughley, G. 1977. Analysis of vertebrate population. John Wiley, New York, New York, USA.
8. Caughley, G., and J. Sinclair. 1994. Wildlife ecology and management. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, USA.
9. Chepko-Sade, B. D., and Z. T. Halpin. 1987. Mammalian dispersal patterns: the effects of social structure on population genetics. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
10. Connell, J. H. 1978. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199:1302-1310.
11. Cooley, H. S., R. B. Wielgus, H. S. Robinson, and C. S. Lambert. 2008. Cougar prey selection in a white-tailed deer and mule deer community. Journal of Wildlife Management 72:99-106.
12. Cougar Management Guidelines Working Group. 2005. Cougar management guidelines. First edition. Wildfutures, Bainbridge Island, Washington, USA.
13. Ebert, T. A. 1999. Plant and animal methods in demography. Academic Press, San Diego, California, USA.
14. Errington, P. L. 1945. Some contributions of a fifteen-year study of the northern bobwhite to a knowledge of population phenomena. Ecological Monographs 15:1-34.
15. Festa-Bianchet, M. 2003. Exploitative wildlife management as a selective pressure for life-history evolution of large mammals. Pages 191-207 in M. Festa-Bianchet and M. Apollonio, editors. Animal behavior and wildlife conservation. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
16. Franke, L. G., and R. Woodroffe. 2001. Behaviour of carnivores in exploited and controlled populations. Pages 419-442 in J. L. Gittleman, S. M. Funk, D. W. Macdonald, and R. K. Wayne, editors. Carnivore conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
17. Ginsberg, J. R., and E. J. Milner-Gulland. 1994. Sex-biased harvesting and population dynamics: implications for conservation and sustainable use. Conservation Biology 8:157- 166.
18. Hanski, I. 2001. Population dynamic consequences of dispersal in local populations and in metapopulations. Pages 283-298 in J. Clobert, E. Danchin, A. A. Dhondt, and J. D. Nichols, editors. Dispersal. Oxford University Press, New York, New York, USA.
19. Heisey, D. M., and T. K. Fuller. 1985. Evaluation of survival and cause-specific mortality rates using telemetry data. Journal of Wildlife Management 49:668-674.
20. Hemker, T. P., F. G. Lindzey, and B. B. Ackerman. 1984. Population characteristics and movement patterns of cougars in southern Utah. Journal of Wildlife Management 48:1275- 1284.
21. Hornocker, M. G. 1970. An analysis of mountain lion predation upon mule deer and elk in the Idaho Primitive Area. Wildlife Monographs 21:1-39.
22. Howe, R. W., G. J. Davis, and V. Mosca. 1991. The demographic significance of sink populations. Biological Conservation 57:239-255.
23. Johnson, W. E., E. Eizirik, and G. Lento. 2001. The control, exploitation, and conservation of carnivores. Pages 196-220 in J. L. Gittleman, S. M. Funk, D. W. Macdonald, and R. K. Wayne, editors. Carnivore conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
24. Lambert, C. M., R. B. Wielgus, H. R. Robinson, H. S. Cruickshank, R. Clarke, and J. Almack. 2006. Cougar population dynamics and viability in the Pacific Northwest. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:246-254.
25. Laundre, J. W., L. Hernandez, D. Strenbel, K. Altendorf, and C. Lopez Gonzalez. 2000. Aging mountain lions using gumline recession. Wildlife Society Bulletin 28:963-966.
26. Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika 33:183-212.
27. Lindzey, F. G., W. D. Vansickle, B. B. Ackerman, D. Barnhurst, T. P. Hemker, and S. P. Laing. 1994. Cougar population dynamics in southern Utah. Journal of Wildlife Management 58:619-623.
28. Logan, K. A., L. L. Irwin, and R. Skinner. 1986. Characteristics of a hunted mountain lion population in Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:648-654.
29. Logan, K. A., and L. L. Sweanor. 2001. Desert puma: evolutionary ecology and conservation of an enduring carnivore. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
30. Martorello, D. A., and R. A. Beausoleil. 2003. Characteristics of cougar populations with and without the use of dogs. Pages 129-135 in S. A. Beacker, D. D. Bjornlie, F. G. Lindzey, and D. S. Moody, editors. Proceedings of the Seventh Mountain Lion Workshop, May 15-17, 2003. Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Lander, Wyoming, USA.
31. McLellan, B. N. 1989. Dynamics of a grizzly bear population during a period of industrial resource extraction. I. Density and age-sex composition. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67: 1856-1860.
32. Milner, J. M., E. B. Nilsen, and H. P. Andreassen. 2007. Demographic side effects of selective hunting in ungulates and carnivores. Conservation Biology 21:36-47.
33. Murphy, K. M., R. I. Ross, and M. G. Hornocker. 1999. The ecology of anthropogenic influences on cougars. Pages 77- 101 in T. W. Clark, A. P. Curlee, S. C. Minta, and P. M. Kareiva, editors. Carnivores in ecosystems: the Yellowstone experience. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
34. Murray, D. L. 2006. On improving telemetry-based survival estimation. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1530-1543.
35. Packer, C., and A. E. Pusey. 1983. Adaptations of female lions to infanticide by incoming males. American Naturalist 121: 716-728.
36. Peek, J. M. 1986. A review of wildlife management. Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA.
37. Peery, M. Z., B. H. Becker, and S. R. Beissinger. 2006. Combining demographic and count-based approaches to identify source-sink dynamics of a threatened seabird. Ecological Applications 16:1516-1528.
38. Robinson, H. S., R. B. Wielgus, H. S. Cooley, and S. W. Cooley. 2008. Sink populations in carnivore management: cougar demography and immigration in a hunted population. Ecological Applications 18:1028-1037.
39. Ross, P. I., and M. G. Jalkotzy. 1992. Characteristics of a hunted population of cougars in southwestern Alberta. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:417-426.
40. Sargeant, G. A., and R. L. Ruff. 2001. Demographic response of black bears at Cold Lake, Alberta, to the removal of adult males. Ursus 12:59-68.
41. Smith, J. L. D., and C. McDougal. 1991. The contribution of variance in lifetime reproduction to effective population size in tigers. Conservation Biology 5:484-490.
42. Spreadbury, B. R., K. Musil, J. Musil, C. Kaisner, and J. Kovak. 1996. Cougar population characteristics in southeastern British Columbia. Journal of Wildlife Management 64:962-969.
43. Staines, B. W. 1978. The dynamics and performance of a declining population of red deer (Cervus elaphus). Journal of Zoology 184:403-419.
44. Stoner, D. C., M. L. Wolfe, and D. M. Choate. 2006. Cougar exploitation levels in Utah: implications for demographic structure, population recovery, and metapopulation dynamics. Journal of Wildlife Management 70:1588-1600.
45. Strickland, M. D., H. J. Harju, K. R. Mccaggery, H. W. Miller, L. M. Smith, and R. J. Stoll. 1994. Harvest management. Pages 445-473 in T. A. Bookhout, editor. Research and management techniques for wildlife and habitats. The Wildlife Society, Bethseda, Maryland, USA.
46. Sweanor, L. L., K. A. Logan, and M. G. Hornocker. 2000. Cougar dispersal patterns, metapopulation dynamics, and conservation. Conservation Biology 14:798-808.
47. Swenson, J. E. 2003. Implications of sexually selected infanticide for the hunting of large carnivores. Pages 171-189 in M. Festa-Bianchet and M. Apollonio, editors. Animal Behavior and Wildlife Conservation. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
48. Swenson, J. E., F. Sandegren, A. Soderberg, A. Bjarvall, R. Franzen, and P. Wabakken. 1997. The infanticide caused by hunting of male bears. Nature 386:450-451.
49. White, G. C., and R. M. Bartmann. 1998. Effect of density reduction on overwinter survival of free-ranging mule deer fawns. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:214-225.
50. Whitman, K., and C. Packer. 1997. The effect of sport hunting on the social organization of the African lion (Panthera leo). Pages 177-183 in Proceedings of a Symposium on Lions and Leopards as Game Ranch Animals. Ondestepoort, South Africa.
51. Whitman, K. L., A. M. Starfield, H. Quadling, and C. Packer. 2007. Modeling the effects of trophy selection and environmental disturbance on a simulated population of African lions. Conservation Biology 21:591-601.
52. Wielgus, R. B., and F. L. Bunnell. 1994. Dynamics of a small, hunted brown bear (Ursus arctos) population in southwestern Alberta, Canada. Biological Conservation 67:161-166.
53. Wielgus, R. B., and F. L. Bunnell. 1995. Tests of hypotheses for sexual segregation in grizzly bears. Journal of Wildlife Management 59:552-560.
54. Winterstein, S. R., K. H. Pollock, and C. M. Bunk. 2001. Analysis of survival data from radiotelemetry studies. Pages 352-380 in J. J. Millspaugh and J. M. Marzluff, editors. Radio tracking and animal populations. Academic Press, New York, New York, USA.
55. Zar, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical analysis. Fourth edition. Prentice- Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, USA.
56. Zimmerman, F., C. Breitenmoser-Wursten, and U. Breitenmoser. 2005. Natal dispersal of Eurasion lynx (Lynx lynx) in Switzerland. Journal of Zoology 267:381-395.