Enteropathogens and risk factors for diarrhea in Norwegian dairy calves

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 92, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 5057-5066

  Gulliksen, S M ^a,b   Jor, E ^c   Lie, K I ^a   Hamnes, I S ^a   Loken T ^a   Akerstedt J ^c   Osteras O ^a  

^a NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES   (Norway)

^b TINE SA   (Norway)

^c NORWEGIAN VETERINARY INSTITUTE   (Norway)

Author keywords

Calf; Diarrhea; Enteropathogen; Risk factor

Indexed keywords

BOVINE CORONAVIRUS; CORONAVIRUS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; EIMERIA; ESCHERICHIA COLI; GIARDIA; ROTAVIRUS; ROTAVIRUS A;

EID: 70349923231     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: 15253198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2009-2080     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Bendali, F., H. Bichet, F. Schelcher, and M. Sanaa. 1999. Pattern of diarrhoea in newborn beef calves in south-west France. Vet. Res. 30:61-74.
2. Björkman, C., C. Svensson, B. Christensson, and K. de Verdier. 2003. Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia intestinalis in calf diarrhoea in Sweden. Acta Vet. Scand. 44:145-152.
3. Blom, J. Y. 1982. The relationship between serum immunoglobulin values and incidence of respiratory disease and enteritis in calves. Nord. Vet. Med. 34:276-284.
4. Clement, J. C., M. E. King, M. D. Salman, T. E. Wittum, H. H. Casper, and K. G. Odde. 1995. Use of epidemiologic principles to identify risk factors associated with the development of diarrhea in calves in five beef herds. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 207:1334-1338.
5. Cornelissen, A. W., R. Verstegen, H. Van den Brand, N. M. Perie, M. Eysker, T. J. Lam, and A. Pijpers. 1995. An observational study of Eimeria species in housed cattle on Dutch dairy farms. Vet. Parasitol. 56:7-16.
6. Cox, D. R. 1972. Regression models and life-tables (with discussion). J. R. Stat. Soc., B 34:187-220.
7. De la Fuente, R., M. Luzon, J. A. Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, A. Garcia, D. Cid, J. A. Orden, S. Garcia, R. Sanz, and M. Gomez-Bautista. 1999. Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with other major enteropathogens in 1 to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Vet. Parasitol. 80:179-185.
8. De Rycke, J., S. Bernard, J. Laporte, M. Naciri, M. R. Popoff, and A. Rodolakis. 1986. Prevalence of various enteropathogens in the feces of diarrheic and healthy calves. Ann. Rech. Vet. 17:159-168.
9. Dohoo, I., W. Martin, and H. Stryhn. 2003. Veterinary epidemiologic research. 1st ed. S. M. McPike, ed. AVC Inc., Charlottetown, PEI, Canada.
10. Fayer, R., M. Santin, and L. Xiao. 2005. Cryptosporidium bovis n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus). J. Parasitol. 91:624-629.
11. Frank, N. A., and J. B. Kaneene. 1993. Management risk factors associated with calf diarrhea in Michigan dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 76:1313-1323.
12. García, A., J. A. Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria, J. A. Orden, D. Cid, R. Sanz, M. Gomez-Bautista, and R. De la Fuente. 2000. Rotavirus and concurrent infections with other enteropathogens in neonatal diarrheic dairy calves in Spain. Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 23:175-183.
13. Gulliksen, S. M., K. I. Lie, and O. Østerås. 2009. Calf health monitoring in Norwegian dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 92:1660-1669.
14. Gulliksen, S. M., K. I. Lie, L. Sølverød, and O. Østerås. 2008. Risk factors associated with colostrum quality in Norwegian dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 91:704-712.
15. Hamnes, I. S., B. Gjerde, and L. Robertson. 2006. Prevalence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in dairy calves in three areas of Norway. Vet. Parasitol. 140:204-216.
16. Hoet, A. E., P. R. Nielsen, M. Hasoksuz, C. Thomas, T. E. Wittum, and L. J. Saif. 2003. Detection of bovine torovirus and other enteric pathogens in feces from diarrhea cases in cattle. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 15:205-212.
17. Jäger, M., M. Gauly, C. Bauer, K. Failing, G. Erhardt, and H. Zahner. 2005. Endoparasites in calves of beef cattle herds: Management systems dependent and genetic influences. Vet. Parasitol. 131:173-191.
18. Kampen, A. H., J. Åkerstedt, S. Gudmundsson, P. Hopp, G. Grøneng, and O. Nyberg. 2007. The surveillance and control programme for bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) in Norway. Pages 65-71 in Surveillance and Control Programmes for Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals in Norway-Annual report 2006. E. Brun, ed. The National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
19. Kelling, C. L., D. J. Steffen, V. L. Cooper, D. S. Higuchi, and K. M. Eskridge. 2002. Effect of infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus alone, bovine rotavirus alone, or concurrent infection with both on enteric disease in gnotobiotic neonatal calves. Am. J. Vet. Res. 63:1179-1186.
20. Krogh, H. V., and S. A. Henriksen. 1985. Bovine cryptosporidiosis in Denmark. 2. Cryptosporidia associated with neonatal calf diarrhea. Nord. Vet. Med. 37:42-47.
21. Lance, S. E., G. Y. Miller, D. D. Hancock, P. C. Bartlett, L. E. Heider, and M. L. Moeschberger. 1992. Effects of environment and management on mortality in preweaned dairy calves. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 201:1197-1202.
22. Lundborg, G. K., E. C. Svensson, and P. A. Oltenacu. 2005. Herd-level risk factors for infectious diseases in Swedish dairy calves aged 0-90 days. Prev. Vet. Med. 68:123-143.
23. Lyngstad, T. M., P. Hopp, M. Hofshagen, B. Bergsjø, T. Bruheim, O. Eikenæs, K. Flesjå, and B. Øvsthus. 2007. The surveillance and control programmes for Salmonella in live animals, eggs and meat in Norway. Pages 21-28 in Surveillance and Control Programmes for Terrestrial and Aquatic Animals in Norway-Annual report 2006. E. Brun, ed. The National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
24. Maddox-Hyttel, C., R. B. Langkjær, H. L. Enemark, and H. Vigre. 2006. Cryptosporidium and Giardia in different age groups of Danish cattle and pigs-Occurrence and management associated risk factors. Vet. Parasitol. 141:48-59.
25. Mohammed, H. O., S. E. Wade, and S. Schaaf. 1999. Risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium parvum infection in dairy cattle in southeastern New York State. Vet. Parasitol. 83:1-13.
26. Østerås, O., H. Solbu, A. O. Refsdal, T. Roalkvam, O. Filseth, and A. Minsaas. 2007. Results and evaluation of thirty years of health recordings in the Norwegian dairy cattle population. J. Dairy Sci. 90:4483-4497.
27. Reinoso, R., E. Becares, and H. V. Smith. 2008. Effect of various environmental factors on the viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. J. Appl. Microbiol. 104:980-986.
28. Reynolds, D. J., J. H. Morgan, N. Chanter, P. W. Jones, J. C. Bridger, T. G. Debney, and K. J. Bunch. 1986. Microbiology of calf diarrhoea in southern Britain. Vet. Rec. 119:34-39.
29. Shu, Y., and J. P. Klein. 1999. A SAS Macro for the Positive Stable Frailty Model. Pages 47-52 in Proc. Am. Stat. Assoc., Statistical Computing Section, Am. Stat. Assoc., Alexandria, VA.
30. Shu, Y., and J. P. Klein. 2005. A SAS Macro for the Positive Stable Frailty Model. http://www.biostat.mcw.edu/software/SoftMenu.html Accessed August 23, 2008.
31. Svensson, C. 1993. Peripartal excretion of Eimeria oocyst by cows on Swedish dairy farms and the age of calves at first excretion. Acta Vet. Scand. 34:77-81.
32. Svensson, C., J. Hultgren, and P. A. Oltenacu. 2006. Morbidity in 3-7-month-old dairy calves in south-western Sweden, and risk factors for diarrhoea and respiratory disease. Prev. Vet. Med. 74:162-179.
33. Svensson, C., K. Lundborg, U. Emanuelson, and S. O. Olsson. 2003. Morbidity in Swedish dairy calves from birth to 90 days of age and individual calf-level risk factors for infectious diseases. Prev. Vet. Med. 58:179-197.
34. Trotz-Williams, L. A., K. E. Leslie, and A. S. Peregrine. 2008a. Passive immunity in Ontario dairy calves and investigation of its association with calf management practices. J. Dairy Sci. 91:3840-3849.
35. Trotz-Williams, L. A., S. W. Martin, K. E. Leslie, T. Duffield, D. V. Nydam, and A. S. Peregrine. 2008b. Association between management practices and within-herd prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum shedding on dairy farms in southern Ontario. Prev. Vet. Med. 83:11-23.
36. Trotz-Williams, L. A., M. S. Wayne, K. E. Leslie, T. Duffield, D. V. Nydam, and A. S. Peregrine. 2007. Calf-level risk factors for neonatal diarrhea and shedding of Cryptosporidium parvum in Ontario dairy calves. Prev. Vet. Med. 82:12-28.
37. Uhde, F. L., T. Kaufmann, H. Sager, S. Albini, R. Zanoni, E. Schelling, and M. Meylan. 2008. Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic dairy calves in Switzerland. Vet. Rec. 163:362-366.
38. Van Donkersgoed, J., C. S. Ribble, L. G. Boyer, and H. G. Townsend. 1993. Epidemiological study of enzootic pneumonia in dairy calves in Saskatchewan. Can. J. Vet. Res. 57:247-254.
39. Van Schaik, G., Y. H. Schukken, M. Nielen, A. A. Dijkhuizen, H. W. Barkema, and G. Benedictus. 2002. Probability of and risk factors for introduction of infectious diseases into Dutch SPF dairy farms: A cohort study. Prev. Vet. Med. 54:279-289.
40. Virtala, A. M., G. D. Mechor, Y. T. Grohn, and H. N. Erb. 1996. Morbidity from nonrespiratory diseases and mortality in dairy heifers during the first three months of life. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 208:2043-2046.
41. Werdin, R. E., T. R. Ames, S. M. Goyal, and G. P. DeVries. 1989. Diagnostic investigation of bovine viral diarrhea infection in a Minnesota dairy herd. J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. 1:57-61.
42. Wittum, T. E., M. D. Salman, K. G. Odde, R. G. Mortimer, and M. E. King. 1993. Causes and costs of calf mortality in Colorado beef herds participating in the National Animal Health Monitoring System. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 203:232-236.