Structure of supersymmetric sums in multiloop unitarity cuts

Physical Review D - Particles, Fields, Gravitation and Cosmology

Volumn 80, Issue 6, 2009, Pages

  Bern, Z ^a   Carrasco, J J M ^a   Ita, H ^a   Johansson, H ^a   Roiban, R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 70349852463     PISSN: 15507998     EISSN: 15502368     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.80.065029     Document Type: Article

References (144)

1. Z. Bern, M. Czakon, L.J. Dixon, D.A. Kosower, and V.A. Smirnov, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 75, 085010 (2007). 10.1103/PhysRevD.75.085010
2. C. Anastasiou, Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 251602 (2003). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.251602
3. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and V.A. Smirnov, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 72, 085001 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.085001 (Pubitemid 43030632)
4. L.F. Alday and J. Maldacena, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 06 (2007) 064. 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/06/064
5. J.M. Maldacena, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 231 (1998); 1095-0761
6. J.M. Maldacena Int. J. Theor. Phys. 38, 1113 (1999); IJTPBM 0020-7748 10.1023/A:1026654312961
7. S.S. Gubser, I.R. Klebanov, and A.M. Polyakov, Phys. Lett. B 428, 105 (1998); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00377-3
8. O. Aharony, S.S. Gubser, J.M. Maldacena, H. Ooguri, and Y. Oz, Phys. Rep. PRPLCM 0370-1573 323, 183 (2000). 10.1016/S0370-1573(99)00083-6
9. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and R. Roiban, Phys. Lett. B 644, 265 (2007). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/j.physletb.2006.11.030 (Pubitemid 44960536)
10. Z. Bern, J.J. Carrasco, L.J. Dixon, H. Johansson, D.A. Kosower, and R. Roiban, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 161303 (2007). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.161303 (Pubitemid 46633706)
11. Z. Bern, J.J.M. Carrasco, L.J. Dixon, H. Johansson, and R. Roiban, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 105019 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.105019
12. F. Cachazo, M. Spradlin, and A. Volovich, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 74, 045020 (2006); 10.1103/PhysRevD.74.045020 (Pubitemid 44268426)
13. Z. Bern, M. Czakon, D.A. Kosower, R. Roiban, and V.A. Smirnov, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 181601 (2006). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.181601 (Pubitemid 44684357)
14. J.M. Drummond, J. Henn, G.P. Korchemsky, and E. Sokatchev, arXiv:0712.1223.
15. J.M. Drummond, J. Henn, V.A. Smirnov, and E. Sokatchev, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 01 (2007) 064; 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/01/064
16. J.M. Drummond, G.P. Korchemsky, and E. Sokatchev, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B795, 385 (2008); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2007.11.041
17. A. Brandhuber, P. Heslop, and G. Travaglini, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B794, 231 (2008); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2007.11.002
18. J.M. Drummond, J. Henn, G.P. Korchemsky, and E. Sokatchev, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B795, 52 (2008). 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2007.11.007
19. Z. Bern, J.J.M. Carrasco, H. Johansson, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 76, 125020 (2007). 10.1103/PhysRevD.76.125020
20. J.M. Drummond, J.M. Henn, and J. Plefka, arXiv:0902.2987.
21. N. Berkovits and J. Maldacena, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 09 (2008) 062; 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/09/062
22. N. Beisert, R. Ricci, A.A. Tseytlin, and M. Wolf, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 126004 (2008); 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.126004
23. N. Beisert, arXiv:0903.0609.
24. L.F. Alday and J. Maldacena, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 11 (2007) 068. 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/11/068
25. J. Bartels, L.N. Lipatov, and A. Sabio Vera, arXiv:0802.2065;
26. R.C. Brower, H. Nastase, H.J. Schnitzer, and C.I. Tan, arXiv:0809.1632;
27. V. Del Duca, C. Duhr, and E.W.N. Glover, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 12 (2008) 097. 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/12/097
28. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, D.A. Kosower, R. Roiban, M. Spradlin, C. Vergu, and A. Volovich, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 045007 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.045007
29. S. Mert Aybat, L.J. Dixon, and G. Sterman, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 072001 (2006); PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.072001
30. S. Mert Aybat L.J. Dixon G. Sterman Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 74, 074004 (2006); 10.1103/PhysRevD.74.074004 (Pubitemid 44556023)
31. T. Becher and M. Neubert, arXiv:0901.0722;
32. T. Becher M. Neubert arXiv:0903.1126;
33. E. Gardi and L. Magnea, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 03 (2009) 079; 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/03/079
34. L.J. Dixon, arXiv:0901.3414.
35. E. Cremmer, B. Julia, and J. Scherk, Phys. Lett. 76B, 409 (1978); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90894-8
36. E. Cremmer and B. Julia, Phys. Lett. B 80, 48 (1978); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90303-9
37. E. Cremmer B. Julia Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B159, 141 (1979). 10.1016/0550-3213(79)90331-6
38. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B513, 3 (1998); 10.1016/S0550-3213(97)00703-7
39. Z. Bern, V. Del Duca, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 71, 045006 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.045006
40. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 08 (2004) 012. 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/08/012
41. R. Britto, F. Cachazo, and B. Feng, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B725, 275 (2005); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.07.014 (Pubitemid 41258272)
42. E.I. Buchbinder and F. Cachazo, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 11 (2005) 036. 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/11/036
43. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, M. Perelstein, and J.S. Rozowsky, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B546, 423 (1999). 10.1016/S0550-3213(99)00029-2
44. Z. Bern, N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, and D.C. Dunbar, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 05 (2005) 056; 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/05/056
45. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, D.C. Dunbar, and H. Ita, Phys. Lett. B 621, 183 (2005); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.05.071 (Pubitemid 41022678)
46. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, D.C. Dunbar, H. Ita, W.B. Perkins, and K. Risager, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 12 (2006) 072; 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/12/ 072
47. R. Kallosh, arXiv:0711.2108;
48. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr and P. Vanhove, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 04 (2008) 065; 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/04/065
49. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr P. Vanhove J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 10 (2008) 006; 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/10/006
50. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr P. Vanhove Fortschr. Phys. FPYKA6 0015-8208 56, 824 (2008). 10.1002/prop.200810561
51. Z. Bern, J.J. Carrasco, D. Forde, H. Ita, and H. Johansson, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 77, 025010 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.025010
52. N. Arkani-Hamed, F. Cachazo, and J. Kaplan, arXiv:0808.1446.
53. G. Chalmers, arXiv:hep-th/0008162;
54. M.B. Green, J.G. Russo, and P. Vanhove, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 02 (2007) 099. 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/02/099
55. N. Berkovits, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 211601 (2007). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.211601 (Pubitemid 47139690)
56. M.B. Green, J.G. Russo, and P. Vanhove, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 131602 (2007). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.131602 (Pubitemid 46515049)
57. M.B. Green, H. Ooguri, and J.H. Schwarz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 041601 (2007). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.041601 (Pubitemid 47173197)
58. G. Bossard, P.S. Howe, and K.S. Stelle, Gen. Relativ. Gravit. GRGVA8 0001-7701 41, 919 (2009). 10.1007/s10714-009-0775-0
59. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, D.C. Dunbar, and D.A. Kosower, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B425, 217 (1994). 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90179-1
60. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, D.C. Dunbar, and D.A. Kosower, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B435, 59 (1995). 10.1016/0550-3213(94)00488-Z
61. F. Cachazo and D. Skinner, arXiv:0801.4574;
62. F. Cachazo, arXiv:0803.1988.
63. M. Bianchi, H. Elvang, and D.Z. Freedman, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 09 (2008) 063. 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/09/063
64. H. Elvang, D.Z. Freedman, and M. Kiermaier, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 04 (2009) 009. 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/04/009
65. J.M. Drummond, J. Henn, G.P. Korchemsky, and E. Sokatchev, arXiv:0808.0491.
66. Z. Bern, J.J. Carrasco, L.J. Dixon, H. Johansson, and R. Roiban (unpublished).
67. Z. Bern, J.S. Rozowsky, and B. Yan, Phys. Lett. B 401, 273 (1997). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)00413-9
68. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, D.C. Dunbar, M. Perelstein, and J.S. Rozowsky, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B530, 401 (1998). 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00420-9
69. M.T. Grisaru, H.N. Pendleton, and P. van Nieuwenhuizen, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 0556-2821 15, 996 (1977); 10.1103/PhysRevD.15.996
70. M.T. Grisaru and H.N. Pendleton, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B124, 81 (1977); 10.1016/0550-3213(77)90277-2
71. S.J. Parke and T.R. Taylor, Phys. Lett. 157B, 81 (1985); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(85)91216-X
72. S.J. Parke T.R. Taylor Phys. Lett. B 174, 465(E) (1986). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(86)91038-5
73. F. Cachazo, M. Spradlin, and A. Volovich, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 105022 (2008); 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.105022
74. M. Spradlin, A. Volovich, and C. Wen, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 085025 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.085025
75. V.P. Nair, Phys. Lett. B 214, 215 (1988). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(88)91471-2
76. G. Georgiou, E.W.N. Glover, and V.V. Khoze, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 07 (2004) 048; 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/07/048
77. Y.t. Huang, Phys. Lett. B 631, 177 (2005); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/j.physletb.2005.10.012 (Pubitemid 41668852)
78. H. Feng and Y.t. Huang, arXiv:hep-th/0611164.
79. M. Kiermaier, H. Elvang, and D.Z. Freedman, arXiv:0811.3624.
80. F. Cachazo, P. Svrček, and E. Witten, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 09 (2004) 006. 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/09/006
81. J.M. Drummond, J. Henn, G.P. Korchemsky, and E. Sokatchev, arXiv:0807.1095;
82. A. Brandhuber, P. Heslop, and G. Travaglini, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 125005 (2008); 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.125005
83. J.M. Drummond and J.M. Henn, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 04 (2009) 018. 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/04/018
84. R. Britto, F. Cachazo, and B. Feng, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B715, 499 (2005); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.02.030 (Pubitemid 40553620)
85. R. Britto, F. Cachazo, B. Feng, and E. Witten, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 181602 (2005). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.181602 (Pubitemid 41493034)
86. M. Kiermaier and S.G. Naculich, arXiv:0903.0377.
87. S. Mandelstam, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B213, 149 (1983); 10.1016/0550-3213(83)90179-7
88. P.S. Howe and K.S. Stelle, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 4, 1871 (1989); IMPAEF 0217-751X 10.1142/S0217751X89000753
89. N. Marcus and A. Sagnotti, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B256, 77 (1985). 10.1016/0550-3213(85)90386-4
90. Z. Bern and A.G. Morgan, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B467, 479 (1996); 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00078-8 (Pubitemid 126165342)
91. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. ARPSDF 0163-8998 46, 109 (1996); 10.1146/annurev.nucl.46.1.109
92. Z. Bern L.J. Dixon D.A. Kosower J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 01 (2000) 027. 10.1088/1126-6708/2000/01/027
93. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, D.C. Dunbar, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Lett. B 394, 105 (1997). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01676-0
94. Z. Bern and D.A. Kosower, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B379, 451 (1992); 10.1016/0550-3213(92)90134-W
95. Z. Bern, A. De Freitas, L.J. Dixon, and H.L. Wong, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 0556-2821 66, 085002 (2002). 10.1103/PhysRevD.66.085002
96. W. Siegel, Phys. Lett. 84B, 193 (1979). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(79)90282-X
97. F.A. Berends, R. Kleiss, P. De Causmaecker, R. Gastmans, and T.T. Wu, Phys. Lett. B 103, 124 (1981); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(81)90685-7
98. P. De Causmaecker, R. Gastmans, W. Troost, and T.T. Wu, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B206, 53 (1982); 10.1016/0550-3213(82)90488-6
99. Z. Xu, D.H. Zhang, and L. Chang, Report No. TUTP-84/3-TSINGHUA;
100. R. Kleiss and W.J. Stirling, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B262, 235 (1985); 10.1016/0550-3213(85)90285-8
101. J.F. Gunion and Z. Kunszt, Phys. Lett. 161B, 333 (1985); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(85)90774-9
102. Z. Xu, D.H. Zhang, and L. Chang, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B291, 392 (1987). 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90479-2
103. H. Kawai, D.C. Lewellen, and S.H.H. Tye, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B269, 1 (1986); 10.1016/0550-3213(86)90362-7
104. Z. Bern and A.K. Grant, Phys. Lett. B 457, 23 (1999); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(99)00524-9
105. Z. Bern, Living Rev. Relativity 1433-8351 5, 5 (2002);
106. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, Phys. Lett. B 560, 98 (2003); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(03)00373-3
107. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B673, 41 (2003); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2003.09.017 (Pubitemid 37306122)
108. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr and K. Risager, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 70, 086011 (2004); 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.086011 (Pubitemid 44947507)
109. S. Ananth and S. Theisen, Phys. Lett. B 652, 128 (2007); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/j.physletb.2007.07.003
110. H. Elvang and D.Z. Freedman, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 05 (2008) 096; 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/05/096
111. M. Spradlin, A. Volovich, and C. Wen, Phys. Lett. B 674, 69 (2009). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/j.physletb.2009.02.059
112. Z. Bern, A. De Freitas, and H.L. Wong, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3531 (2000). PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.3531
113. Z. Bern, J.J.M. Carrasco, and H. Johansson, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 78, 085011 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.085011
114. N.E.J. Bjerrum-Bohr, D.C. Dunbar, H. Ita, W.B. Perkins, and K. Risager, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 01 (2006) 009. 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/01/ 009
115. J. Bedford, A. Brandhuber, B.J. Spence, and G. Travaglini, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B721, 98 (2005); 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2005.05.016 (Pubitemid 40960397)
116. F. Cachazo and P. Svrcek, arXiv:hep-th/0502160;
117. P. Benincasa, C. Boucher-Veronneau, and F. Cachazo, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 11 (2007) 057; 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/11/057
118. P. Benincasa and F. Cachazo, arXiv:0705.4305;
119. A. Hall, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 77, 124004 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevD.77.124004
120. Z. Bern, D. Forde, D.A. Kosower, and P. Mastrolia, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 72, 025006 (2005); 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.025006
121. Z. Bern, L.J. Dixon, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 72, 125003 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.125003
122. E. Witten, Commun. Math. Phys. 252, 189 (2004). CMPHAY 0010-3616 10.1007/s00220-004-1187-3 (Pubitemid 40067018)
123. K. Risager, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 12 (2005) 003. 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/12/003
124. A. Gorsky and A. Rosly, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 01 (2006) 101; 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/01/101
125. P. Mansfield, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 03 (2006) 037. 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/03/037
126. J.H. Ettle, T.R. Morris, and Z. Xiao, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 08 (2008) 103. 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/08/103
127. R. Boels, L. Mason, and D. Skinner, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 02 (2007) 014; 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/02/014
128. H. Feng and Y.t. Huang, J. High Energy Phys. JHEPFG 1029-8479 04 (2009) 047. 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/04/047
129. D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 71, 045007 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.045007
130. I. Bena, Z. Bern, and D.A. Kosower, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 71, 045008 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevD.71.045008
131. C. Cheung and D. O'Connell, arXiv:0902.0981.
132. R. Roiban, M. Spradlin, and A. Volovich, Phys. Rev. D PRVDAQ 1550-7998 70, 026009 (2004). 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.026009 (Pubitemid 44947262)
133. P.S. Howe and K.S. Stelle, Phys. Lett. B 554, 190 (2003). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)03271-9
134. W. Nahm, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B135, 149 (1978); 10.1016/0550-3213(78)90218-3
135. E. Witten, Phys. Lett. 77B, 394 (1978); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(78)90585-3
136. A. Galperin, E. Ivanov, S. Kalitsyn, V. Ogievetsky, and E. Sokatchev, Phys. Lett. 151B, 215 (1985). PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(85)90837-8
137. M. Bershadsky, Z. Kakushadze, and C. Vafa, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B523, 59 (1998); 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00272-7
138. M. Bershadsky and A. Johansen, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B536, 141 (1998). 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00526-4
139. J.M. Drummond, M. Spradlin, A. Volovich, and C. Wen, arXiv:0901.2363.
140. D.J. Gross, J.A. Harvey, E.J. Martinec, and R. Rohm, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B256, 253 (1985); 10.1016/0550-3213(85)90394-3
141. L.J. Dixon, J.A. Harvey, C. Vafa, and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B261, 678 (1985); 10.1016/0550-3213(85)90593-0
142. K.S. Narain, Phys. Lett. 169B, 41 (1986); PYLBAJ 0370-2693 10.1016/0370-2693(86)90682-9
143. H. Kawai, D.C. Lewellen, and S.H.H. Tye, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B288, 1 (1987); 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90208-2
144. I. Antoniadis, C.P. Bachas, and C. Kounnas, Nucl. Phys. NUPBBO 0550-3213 B289, 87 (1987). 10.1016/0550-3213(87)90372-5