Immunologic aspects of atopic dermatitis

Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 226-234

  Lipozenčić, Jasna ^a   Paštar, Zrinjka ^a   Kulišić, Sandra Marinović ^a   Pavić, Ivan ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB   (Croatia)

^b SREBRNJAK CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Croatia)

Author keywords

Adhesion molecules; Atopic dermatitis; Atopic eczema dermatitis syndrome; Immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis; Regulatory T cells

Indexed keywords

ALEFACEPT; CCL18 CHEMOKINE; CHEMOKINE; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR10; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR2; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR3; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR4; CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR CCR6; CUTANEOUS T CELL ATTRACTING CHEMOKINE; EFALIZUMAB; ENDOTHELIAL LEUKOCYTE ADHESION MOLECULE 1; EOTAXIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; INFLIXIMAB; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 3; INTERLEUKIN 13; INTERLEUKIN 1ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN 4; L SELECTIN; MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 3ALPHA; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 2; PADGEM PROTEIN; RANTES; RITUXIMAB; THYMUS AND ACTIVATION REGULATED CHEMOKINE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; ATOPIC DERMATITIS; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY; DENDRITIC CELL; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; INNATE IMMUNITY; REGULATORY T LYMPHOCYTE; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES; CHEMOKINES; CYTOKINES; DENDRITIC CELLS; DERMATITIS, ATOPIC; ECZEMA; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, INNATE; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; T-LYMPHOCYTES;

EID: 70349705778     PISSN: 1330027X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (68)

1. Ellis C, Luger T, Abeck D, Allen R, Graham- Brown RA, De Prost Y, et al. International Consensus Conference on Atopic Dermatitis II (IC-CAD*): Clinical update and current treatment strategies. Br J Dermatol 2003;148:3-10.
2. Akhavan A, Rudikoff D. The treatment of atopic dermatitis with systemic immunosuppressive agents. Clin Dermatol 2003;21:225-240 (Pubitemid 36629334)
3. Leung DY, Boguniewicz M, Howell MD, Nomura I, Hamid QA. New insights into atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 2004;113:651-657
4. Novak N, Bieber T. Allergic and nonallergic forms of atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:252-262 (Pubitemid 36981361)
5. Ring J, Weidinger S, Darsow U, Behrendt H. IgE vs non-IgE-related atopic eczema. International Symposium Update on Atopic Eczema/ Dermatitis Syndrome. Book of Abstracts. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2004;12:111.
6. Novak N, Allam JP, Bieber T. Allergic hyperreactivity to microbial components: a trigger factor of "intrinsic" atopic dermatitis? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:215-216
7. Graham-Brown R, Grassberger M. Pimecrolimus: a review of preclinical and clinical data. Int J Clin Pract 2003;57:319-327 (Pubitemid 36700718)
8. Dotterud LK, Odland JØ, Falk ES. Atopic dermatitis and respiratory symptoms in Russian and northern Norwegian schoolchildren: a comparison study in two Arctic areas and the impact of environmental factors. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2004;18:131-136 (Pubitemid 38379886)
9. Kapp A, Papp K, Bingham A, Fölster-Holst R, Ortonne JP, Potter PC, et al. Long-term management of atopic dermatitis in infants with topical pimecrolimus, a nonsteroid antiinflammatory drug. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002;110:277-284 (Pubitemid 34907835)
10. Werfel T, Church M, Lichtenstein L, eds. Allergy. London: Mosby; 2001. pp. 105-125
11. Bannister MJ, Freeman S. Adult-onset atopic eczema. Australas J Dermatol 2000;41:225-228
12. Charman C. The epidemiology and social impact of atopic dermatitis. Atopy Reports: Atopy Dermatitis and Related Disorders 2003;3:3-6.
13. Housman TS, Patel MJ, Camacho F, Feldman SR, Fleischer AB Jr, Balkrishnan R. Use of the self-administered eczema area and severity index by parent caregivers: results of a validation study. Br J Dermatol 2002;147:1192-1198 (Pubitemid 36963027)
14. Jung T, Stingl G. Atopic dermatitis: therapeutic concepts evolving from new pathophysiologic insights. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008;122:1074-1081
15. Avgerinou G, Goules AV, Stavropoulos PG, Katsambas AD. Atopic dermatitis: new immunologic aspects. Int J Dermatol 2008;47:219-224 (Pubitemid 351266837)
16. Giardina E, Sinibaldi C, Chini L, Moschese V, Marulli G, Provini A, et al. Co-localization of susceptibility loci for psoriasis (PSORS4) and atopic dermatitis (ATOD2) on human chromosome 1q21. Hum Hered 2006;61:229-236 (Pubitemid 44357220)
17. Sandilands A, Smith FJ, Irvine AD, McLean WH. Filaggrin's fuller figure: a glimpse into the genetic architecture of atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2007;127:1282-1284 (Pubitemid 46763004)
18. Smith FJD, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, Zhao Y, et al. Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding filaggrin cause ichthyosis vulgaris. Nat Genet 2006;38:337-342 (Pubitemid 43315757)
19. Palmer CNA, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, et al. Common loss-offunction variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet 2006;38:441-446
20. Sandilands A, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Hull PR, O'Regan GM, Clayton TH, Watson RM, et al. Comprehensive analysis of the gene encoding filaggrin uncovers prevalent and rare mutations in ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic eczema. Nat Genet 2007;39:650-654 (Pubitemid 46676107)
21. Nomura T, Sandilands A, Akiyama M, Liao H, Evans AT, Sakai K, et al. Unique mutations in the filaggrin gene in Japanese patients with ichthyosis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;119:434-440 (Pubitemid 46210082)
22. Wüthrich B, Schmid-Grendelmeier P. Definition and diagnosis of intrinsic versus extrinsic atopic dermatitis. In: Bieber T, Leung DY, editors. Atopic dermatitis. New York, Basel: Marcel Dekker; 2002. pp. 1-20.
23. Lipozenčić J, Wolf R. Atopic dermatitis: an update and review of the literature. Dermatol Clin 2007;25:605-612
24. Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Flückiger S, Disch R, Trautmann A, Wüthrich B, Blaser K, et al. IgE-mediated and T cell-mediated autoimmunity against manganese superoxide dismutase in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;115:1068-1075 (Pubitemid 40616225)
25. Ou LS, Goleva E, Hall C, Leung DY. T regulatory cells in atopic dermatitis and subversion of their activity by superantigens. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:756-763 (Pubitemid 38530433)
26. Verhagen J, Akdis M, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Hijnen D, Knol EF, et al. Absence of T-regulatory cell expression and function in atopic dermatitis skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;117:176-183 (Pubitemid 43017157)
27. Sakaguchi S. Naturally arising Foxp3-expressing CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells in immunological tolerance to self and nonself. Nat Immunol 2005;6:345-352
28. Fontenot JD, Rasmussen JP, Williams LM, Dooley JL, Farr AG, Rudensky AY. Regulatory T cell lineage specification by the fork-head transcription factor foxp3. Immunity 2005;22:329-341 (Pubitemid 40387475)
29. Umetsu DT, DeKruyff RH. The regulation of allergy and asthma. Immunol Rev 2006;212:238-255
30. Elkord E. Novel therapeutic strategies by regulatory T cells in allergy. Chem Immunol Allergy 2008;94:150-157
31. Chen Y, Kuchroo VK, Inobe J, Hafler DA, Weiner HL. Regulatory T cell clones induced by oral tolerance: suppression of autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Science 1994;265:1237-1240 (Pubitemid 24291983)
32. Weiner HL. Induction and mechanism of action of transforming growth factor-beta-secreting Th3 regulatory cells. Immunol Rev 2001;182:207-214
33. Inobe J, Slavin AJ, Komagata Y, Chen Y, Liu L, Weiner HL. IL-4 is a differentiation factor for transforming growth factor-beta secreting Th3 cells and oral administration of IL-4 enhances oral tolerance in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Eur J Immunol 1998;28:2780-2790 (Pubitemid 28425236)
34. Gorelik L, Fields PE, Flavell RA. Cutting edge: TGF-ß inhibits Th type 2 development through inhibition of GATA-3 expression. J Immunol 2000;165:4773-4777 (Pubitemid 30809396)
35. Robinson DS, Larché M, Durham SR. Tregs and allergic disease. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1389-1397
36. Frezzolini A, Paradisi M, Zaffiro A, Provini A, Cadoni S, Ruffelli M, et al. Circulating interleukin 16 (IL-16) in children with atopic/eczema dermatitis syndrome (AEDS): a novel serological marker of disease activity. Allergy 2002;57:815-820 (Pubitemid 34970005)
37. Kimata H, Tai H, Nakagawa K, Yokoyama Y, Nakajima H, Ikegami Y. Improvement of skin symptoms and mineral imbalance by drinking deep sea water in patients with atopic eczema/ dermatitis syndrome (AEDS). Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2002;45:83-84
38. Paštar Z, Lipozenčić J, Ljubojević S. Etiopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis - an overview. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2005;13:54-62.
39. Cheer SM, Plosker GL. Tacrolimus ointment. A review of its therapeutic potential as a topical therapy in atopic dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol 2001;2:389-406.
40. Hamid Q, Boguniewicz M, Leung DY. Differential in situ cytokine gene expression in acute versus chronic atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest 1994;94:870-876
41. Caproni M, Bianchi B, D'Elios MM, De Carli M, Amedei A, Fabbri P. In vivo relevance of CD30 in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 1997;52:1063-1070
42. Novak N, Kraft S, Bieber T. Unraveling the mission of FcepsilonRI on antigen-presenting cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:38-44. (Pubitemid 36143289)
43. Leung DY, Soter NA. Cellular and immunologic mechanism in atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:S1-12.
44. Wolkerstorfer A, Laan MP, Savelkoul HF, Neijens HJ, Mulder PG, Oudesluys-Murphy AM, et al. Soluble E-selectin, other markers of inflammation and disease severity in children with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1998;138:431-435 (Pubitemid 28145510)
45. Liu YJ. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and OX40 ligand pathway in the initiation of dendritic cell-mediated allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;120:238-244
46. Soumelis V, Reche PA, Kanzler H, Yuan W, Edward G, Homey B, et al. Human epithelial cells trigger dendritic cell-mediated allergic in- flammation by producing TSLP. Nat Immunol 2002;3:673-680 (Pubitemid 34752477)
47. Ito T, Wang YH, Duramad O, Hori T, Delespesse GJ, Watanabe N, et al. TSLP-activated dendritic cells induce an inflammatory T helper type 2 cell response through OX40 ligand. J Exp Med 2005;202:1213-1223 (Pubitemid 41586952)
48. Wang YH, Angkasekwinai P, Lu N, Voo KS, Arima K, Hanabuchi S, et al. IL-25 augments type 2 immune responses by enhancing the expansion and functions of TSLP-DC-activated Th2 memory cells. J Exp Med 2007;204:1837-1847 (Pubitemid 47236321)
49. Toda M, Leung DY, Molet S, Boguniewicz M, Taha R, Christodoulopoulos P, et al. Polarized in vivo expression of IL-11 and IL-17 between acute and chronic skin lesions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:875-881
50. Koga C, Kabashima K, Shiraishi N, Kobayashi M, Tokura Y. Possible pathogenic role of Th17 cells for atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2008;128:2625-2630
51. van Beelen AJ, Teunissen MB, Kapsenberg ML, de Jong EC. Interleukin-17 in inflammatory skin disorders. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2007;7:374-381
52. Lipozenčić J, Bobek D, Jakić-Razumović J. The presence of surface CD30 on T cells in atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2003;11:145-152 (Pubitemid 37205425)
53. Higashi N, Gesser B, Kawana S, Thestrup- Pedersen K. Expression of IL-18 mRNA and secretion of IL-18 are reduced in monocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108:607-614
54. Laberge S, Ghaffar O, Boguniewicz M, Center DM, Leung DY, Hamid Q. Association of increased CD4+ T-cell infiltration with increased IL-16 gene expression in atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1998;102:645-650 (Pubitemid 28487942)
55. Leung DY, Bieber T. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet 2003;361:151-160
56. Novak N, Valenta R, Bohle B, Laffer S, Haberstok J, Kraft S, et al. FcepsilonRI engagement of Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells and inflammatory dendritic epidermal cell-like dendritic cells induces chemotactic signals and different T-cell phenotypes in vitro. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004;113:949-957
57. Gilliet M, Soumelis V, Watanabe N, Hanabuchi S, Antonenko S, de Waal-Malefyt R, et al. Human dendritic cells activated by TSLP and CD40L induce proallergic cytotoxic T cells. J Exp Med 2003;197:1059-1063 (Pubitemid 36523204)
58. Trautmann A, Akdis M, Kleemann D, Altznauer F, Simon HU, Graeve T, et al. T cell-mediated Fas-induced keratinocyte apoptosis plays a key pathogenetic role in eczematous dermatitis. J Clin Invest 2000;106:25-35. (Pubitemid 30437237)
59. Sonkoly E, Muller A, Lauerma AI, Pivarcsi A, Soto H, Kemeny L, et al. IL-31: a new link between T cells and pruritus in atopic skin inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;117:411-417 (Pubitemid 43192023)
60. Dillon SR, Sprecher C, Hammond A, Bilsborough J, Rosenfeld-Franklin M, Presnell SR, et al. Interleukin 31, a cytokine produced by activated T cells, induces dermatitis in mice. Nat Immunol 2004;5:752-760 (Pubitemid 39023308)
61. Ny A, Egelrud T. Epidermal hyperproliferation and decreased skin barrier function in mice overexpressing stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme. Acta Derm Venereol 2004;84:18-22. (Pubitemid 38168357)
62. Stary G, Bangert C, Stingl G, Kopp T. Dendritic cells in atopic dermatitis: expression of FcepsilonRI on two distinct inflammation-associated subsets. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2005;138:278-290 (Pubitemid 41642779)
63. Stary G, Bangert C, Tauber M, Strohal R, Kopp T, Stingl G. Tumoricidal activity of TLR7/8-activated inflammatory dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2007;204:1441-1451 (Pubitemid 46919881)
64. Klubal R, Osterhoff B, Wang B, Kinet JP, Maurer D, Stingl G. The high-affinity receptor for IgE is the predominant IgE-binding structure in lesional skin of atopic dermatitis patients. J Invest Dermatol 1997;108:336-342 (Pubitemid 27116234)
65. Novak N, Bieber T, Leung DY. Immune mechanism leading to atopic dermatitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;112:S128-39. (Pubitemid 37550029)
66. Buentke E, Heffler LC, Wilson JL, Wallin RP, Löfman C, Chambers BJ, Ljunggren HG, Scheynius A. Natural killer and dendritic cell contact in lesional atopic dermatitis skin-Malassezia- influenced cell interaction. J Invest Dermatol 2002;119:850-857 (Pubitemid 35340910)
67. Moulton VR, Farber DL. Committed T memory: lineage choices for activated T cells. Trends Immunol 2006;27:261-267 (Pubitemid 43850407)
68. Lugović L, Čupić H, Lipozenčić J, Jakić-Razumović J. The role of adhesion molecules in atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2006;14:2-7.