Management of the trigeminocardiac reflex: Facts and own experience

Neurology India

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 375-380

  Arasho, Belachew ^a,d   Sandu, Nora ^b   Spiriev, Toma ^a   Prabhakar, Hemanshu ^c   Schaller, Bernhard ^a  

^a University of Paris Ile de France Ouest   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LAUSANNE   (Switzerland)

^c ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^d ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

Author keywords

Atropine; Cardiac reflex; Oculocardiac reflex; Skull base surgery; Treatment; Trigemino

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ALFENTANIL; ATROPINE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BUPIVACAINE; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; GLYCOPYRRONIUM BROMIDE; LIDOCAINE; MORPHINE; SUFENTANIL;

BRADYCARDIA; CORNEA REFLEX; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; GENERAL ANESTHESIA; HUMAN; HYPERCAPNIA; HYPOTENSION; HYPOXEMIA; LOCAL ANESTHESIA; MECHANICAL STIMULATION; MORBIDITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RECURRENCE RISK; REVIEW; SENSORY NERVE; STOMACH MOTILITY; TRIGEMINAL NERVE; TRIGEMINAL NERVE DISEASE; TRIGEMINOCARDIAC REFLEX; TRIGEMINUS GANGLION;

APNEA; AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFLEX, OCULOCARDIAC; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRIGEMINAL NERVE DISEASES;

EID: 70349425988     PISSN: 00283886     EISSN: 19984022     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.55577     Document Type: Review

References (46)

1. Schaller B, Probst R, Strebel S, Gratzl O. Trigeminocardiac reflex during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle. J Neurosurg 1999;90:215-220
2. Schaller B. Trigeminocardiac reflex: A clinical phenomenon or a new physiological entity? J Neurol 2004;251:658-665
3. Schaller B, Cornelius JF, Prabhakar H, Koerbel A, Gnanalingham K, Sandu N, et al. Trigemino-Cardiac Reflex Examination Group (TCREG) The trigeminocardiac reflex: An update of the current knowledge. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2009;21:187-195
4. Kratschmer F. Ueber Reflexe von der Nasenschleimhaut auf Athmung und Kreislauf. Sber Akad Wiss Wien 1870;62:147-170
5. Kratschmer F. On reflexes from the nasal mucous membrane on respiration and circulation. Translated by E. Ullmann. Respir Physiol 2001;127:93-104.
6. Widdicombe J. Reflexes from the lungs and airways: Historical perspectives. J Appl Physiol 2006;101:628-634
7. Ashner B. Über einen bisher noch nicht beschriebenen Reflex, vom Auge auf Kreislauf und Atmung. Verschwinden des Radialispulses bei Druck auf das Auge. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1908;21:1529-1530
8. Dagnini G. Interno ad un reflesso provocato inalcuni emplegica collo stimolo della come e colla pressione sul bulbo oculare. Bull Sci Med (Bologna) 1908;8:380.
9. Schaller BJ, Filis A, Buchfelder M. Trigemino-cardiac reflex in humans initiated by peripheral stimulation during neurosurgical skull-base operations. Its first description. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008;150:715-718
10. Ohshita N, Nakajo N, Takemura M. Characteristics of the trigeminal depressor response in cats. J Neurosci Res 2004;76:891-901.
11. Schaller BJ, Buchfelder M. Trigemino-cardiac reflex in skull base surgery: From a better understanding to a better outcome? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006;148:1029-1031
12. Alexander JP. Reflex disturbances of cardiac rhythm during ophthalmic surgery. Br J Ophthalmol 1975;59:518-524
13. Loewinger J, Cohen M, Levi E. Bradycardia during elevation of a zygomatic arch fracture. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1987;45:710-711
14. Barnard NA, Bainton R. Bradycardia and the trigeminal nerve. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 1990;18:359-360
15. Roberts RS, Best JA, Shapiro RD. Trigeminocardiac reflex during temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: Report of a case. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999;57:854-856
16. Shearer ES, Wenstone R. Bradycardia during elevation of zygomatic fractures. A variation of the oculocardiac reflex. Anaesthesia 1987;42:1207-1208
17. Apt L, Isenberg S, Gaffney WL. The oculocardiac reflex in strabismus surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 1973;76:533-536
18. Gharabaghi A, Koerbel A, Samii A, Kaminsky J, von Goesseln H, Tatagiba M, et al. The impact of hypotension due to the trigeminocardiac reflex on auditory function in vestibular schwannoma surgery. J Neurosurg 2006;104:369-375
19. Schaller B. Trigemino-cardiac reflex during transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2005; 107:468-474.
20. Schaller B. Trigeminocardiac reflex during microvascular trigeminal decompression in cases of trigeminal neuralgia. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2005;17:45-48
21. Filis A, Schaller B, Buchfelder M. Trigeminocardiac reflex in pituitary surgery. A prospective pilot study. Nervenarzt 2008;79:669-675
22. Rivard JC, Lebowitz PW. Bradycardia after alfentanil-succinylcholine. Anaesth Analg 1988;76:907.
23. Starr NJ, Sethna DH, Estafanos FG. Bradycardia and asystole following rapid administration of sufentanil with vecuronium. Anesthesiology 1986;64:521-523
24. Schmeling WT, Kampine JP, Warltier DC. Negative chronotropic actions of sufentanil and vecuronium in chronically instrumented dogs pretreated with propanolol and/or diltiazem. Anaesth Analg 1989; 66:4-14.
25. Blanc VF, Hardy JF, Milot J, Jacob JL. The oculocardiac reflex: A graphic and statistical analysis in infants and children. Can Anaesthet Soc J 1983;30:360-369
26. Lang S, Lanigan DT, van der Wal M. Trigeminocardiac reflexes: Maxillary and mandibular variants of the oculocardiac reflex. Can J Anaesth 1991;38:757-760
27. Moonie GT, Ress EL, Elton D. The oculocardiac reflex during strabismus surgery. Can Anaesthet Soc J 1964;11:621.
28. Rath GP, Dash HH, Prabhakar H, Pandia MP. Cardiorespiratory arrest during trigeminal rhizolysis. Anaesthesia 2007;62:971-972
29. Prabhakar H, Anand N, Chouhan RS, Bithal PK. Brief report of special case: Sudden asystole during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006;148:699-700.
30. Fayon M, Gauthier M, Blanc VF, Ahronheim GA, Michaud J. Intraoperative cardiac arrest due to the oculocardiac reflex and subsequent death in a child with occult Epstein-Barr Virus myocarditis. Anesthesiology 1995;83:622-624
31. Schaller BJ. Trigeminocardiac reflex. J Neurosurg 2007;107:243.
32. Schaller BJ, Rasper J, Filis A, Buchfelder M. Difference in functional outcome of ipsilateral tinnitus after intraoperative occurrence of the trigeminocardiac reflex in surgery for vestibular schwannomas. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008;150:157-160
33. Gharabaghi A, Acioly de Sousa MA, Tatagiba M. Detection and prevention of the trigeminocardiac reflex during cerebellopontine angle surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2006;148:1223.
34. Koerbel A, Gharabaghi A, Samii A, Gerganov V, von Gösseln H, Tatagiba M, et al. Trigeminocardiac reflex during skull base surgery: Mechanism and management. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2005;147:727-733
35. Shende D, Sadhasivam S, Madan R. Effects of peribulbar bupivacaine as an adjunct to general anesthesia on peri-operative outcome following retinal detachment surgery. Anaesthesia 2000;55:970-975
36. Gupta N, Kumar R, Kumar S, Sehgal R, Sharma KR. A prospective randomised double blind study to evaluate the effect of peribulbar block or topical application of local anesthesia combined with general anesthesia on intra-operative and postoperative complications during paediatric strabismus surgery. Anaesthesia 2007;62:1110-1113
37. Misurya VK, Singh SP, Kulshrestha VK. Prevention of oculocardiac reflex (O.C.R) during extraocular muscle surgery. Indian J Ophthalmol 1990;38:85-87
38. Blanc VF. Trigeminocardiac reflexes. Can J Anesthesia 1991;38:696-699
39. Hunsley E, Bush GH, Jones CJ. A study of Glycopyrrolate and Atropine in the suppression of the oculocardiac reflex in strabismus surgery in children. Br J Anaesth 1982;54:459-464
40. Mirakhur RK, Jones CJ, Dundee JW, Archer DB. I.M or I.V atropine or glycopyrrolate for the prevention of oculocardiac reflex in children undergoing squint surgery. Br J Anaesth 1982;54:1059.
41. Schaller B, Sandu N, Filis A, Buchfelder M. Peribulbar block of topical application of local anesthesia combined for paediatric strabismus surgery. Anaesthesia 2008;63:1142-1143
42. Schaller BJ, Weigel D, Filis A, Buchfelder M. Trigemino-cardiac reflex during transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: Methodological description of a prospective skull base study protocol. Brain Res Prabhakar H, Rath GP, Arora R. Sudden cardiac standstill during skin flap elevation in a patient undergoing craniotomy. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2007;19:203-204
43. Prabhakar H, Ali Z, Rath GP. Trigemino-cardiac reflex may be refractory to conventional management in adults. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008;150:509-510
44. Schaller B, Filis A, Buchfelder M. Cardiac autonomic control in neurosurgery. Arch Med Sci 2007;4:287-292
45. Schaller B, Buchfelder M. Trigemino-cardiac reflex: A recently discovered "oxygen-conserving" response? The potential therapeutic role of a physiological reflex. Arch Med Sci 2006;2:3-5.
46. Schaller B, Cornelius JF, Sandu N, Ottaviani G, Perez-Pinzon MA. Oxygen-conserving reflexes of the brain: The current molecular knowledge. J Cell Mol Med 2009;13:644-647