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1
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70349127157
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Administration of aging
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Washington DC: Department of Health and Human Services
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Administration of Aging. A profile of older Americans. Washington DC: Department of Health and Human Services; 2000.
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(2000)
A Profile of Older Americans
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2
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10344219980
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Regional anesthesia in the elderly: A clinical guide
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Tsui BC, Wagner A, Finucane B. Regional anesthesia in the elderly: a clinical guide. Drugs Aging 2004; 21:895-910.
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Tsui, B.C.1
Wagner, A.2
Finucane, B.3
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3
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0642369058
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The role of epidural anesthesia analgesia in surgical practice
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Moraca RJ, Sheldon DG, Thirby RC. The role of epidural anesthesia analgesia in surgical practice. Ann Surg 2003; 238:663-673.
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Moraca, R.J.1
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4
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Outcomes research in regional anesthesia and analgesia
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Wu CL, Fleisher LA. Outcomes research in regional anesthesia and analgesia. Anesth Analg 2000; 91:1232-1242.
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Wu, C.L.1
Fleisher, L.A.2
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5
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Does anesthesia cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction? A randomized study of regional versus general anesthesia in 438 elderly patients
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Rasmussen LS, Johnson T, Kuipers HM, et al. Does anesthesia cause postoperative cognitive dysfunction? A randomized study of regional versus general anesthesia in 438 elderly patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003; 47:260-266.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
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Rasmussen, L.S.1
Johnson, T.2
Kuipers, H.M.3
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7
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Reduction of postoperative morbidity and mortality with epidural or spinal anaesthesia: Results from overviews of randomized trials
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Rodger A, Walker N, Scgug S, et al. Reduction of postoperative morbidity and mortality with epidural or spinal anaesthesia: results from overviews of randomized trials. Br Med J 2000; 321:1493.
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Rodger, A.1
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8
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Thoracic paravertebral block for breast surgery
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Klein SM, Bergh A, Steele SM, et al. Thoracic paravertebral block for breast surgery. Anesth Analg 2000; 90:1402-1405.
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Anesth Analg
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Klein, S.M.1
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Steele, S.M.3
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9
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The effects of postoperative pain management on immune response to surgery
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Berlin B, Shavit Y, Trabekin E, et al. The effects of postoperative pain management on immune response to surgery. Anesth Analg 2003; 97: 822-827.
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Anesth Analg
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Berlin, B.1
Shavit, Y.2
Trabekin, E.3
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10
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0035336466
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Epidural anesthesia prevents hypercoagulation in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery
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Hollmann MW, Weiczorek KS, Smart M, Durieux ME. Epidural anesthesia prevents hypercoagulation in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2001; 26:216-222.
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Hollmann, M.W.1
Weiczorek, K.S.2
Smart, M.3
Durieux, M.E.4
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11
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3042646808
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A comparison of infraclavicular nerve block versus general anesthesia for hand and wrist day-case surgeries
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Hadzic A, Arliss J, Kerimoglu B, et al. A comparison of infraclavicular nerve block versus general anesthesia for hand and wrist day-case surgeries. Anesthesiology 2004; 101:127-132.
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Anesthesiology
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Hadzic, A.1
Arliss, J.2
Kerimoglu, B.3
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12
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2642572647
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Aging biology and geriatric clinical pharmacology
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McLean AJ, Le Couteur DG. Aging biology and geriatric clinical pharmacology. Pharmacol Rev 2004; 56:163-184.
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McLean, A.J.1
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Structural modifications of proteins during aging
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Gafni A. Structural modifications of proteins during aging. J Am Geriatr Soc 1997; 45:871-880.
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J Am Geriatr Soc
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When drug therapy gets old: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the elderly
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Turnheim K. When drug therapy gets old: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the elderly. Exp Gerontol 2003; 38:843-853.
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Exp Gerontol
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Age-associated cardiovascular changes in health: Impact on cardiovascular disease in older persons
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Lakatta EG. Age-associated cardiovascular changes in health: impact on cardiovascular disease in older persons. Heart Fail Rev 2002; 7:29-49.
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Heart Fail Rev
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Lakatta, E.G.1
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16
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33846994714
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Review article: Age related alterations in respiratory function - anesthetic considerations
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Sprung J, Gajic O, Warner DO. Review article: age related alterations in respiratory function - anesthetic considerations. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53:1244-1257.
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Can J Anaesth
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Sprung, J.1
Gajic, O.2
Warner, D.O.3
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17
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70249132511
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Pharmacology of intravenous drugs in the elderly
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Sieber FE, editor New York: McGraw-Hill
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Lortat-Jacob B, Servin F. Pharmacology of intravenous drugs in the elderly. In: Sieber FE, editor. Geriatric anesthesia. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2006. pp. 91-103.
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Geriatric Anesthesia
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Lortat-Jacob, B.1
Servin, F.2
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18
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12444341809
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Kidney function in older people: Pathology, assessment and management
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Lamb EJ, O'Riordan SE, Delaney MP. Kidney function in older people: pathology, assessment and management. Clin Chim Acta 2003; 334:25-40.
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Clin Chim Acta
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Lamb, E.J.1
O'Riordan, S.E.2
Delaney, M.P.3
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19
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0043128601
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Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: Effect of age, gender and race
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Cepeda MS, Farrar JT, Baumgarten M, et al. Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: effect of age, gender and race. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2003; 74:102-112.
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Clin Pharmacol Ther
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Cepeda, M.S.1
Farrar, J.T.2
Baumgarten, M.3
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20
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37549036681
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Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac surgery
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Negative influences can be seen in all patients presenting for surgery and anesthesia, but additional concerns must be extended to the elderly patients and those with underlying neurological diseases. The influences from anesthetic administration and other environmental factors may have a long-term impact
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Monk TG, Weldon BC, Garvan CW, et al. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2008; 108:18-30. Negative influences can be seen in all patients presenting for surgery and anesthesia, but additional concerns must be extended to the elderly patients and those with underlying neurological diseases. The influences from anesthetic administration and other environmental factors may have a long-term impact.
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(2008)
Anesthesiology
, vol.108
, pp. 18-30
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Monk, T.G.1
Weldon, B.C.2
Garvan, C.W.3
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21
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37549031713
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Type and severity of cognitive decline in older adults after noncardiac surgery
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Preoperative patient assessment must always consider type and severity of cognitive decline in older adults presenting for surgery. The findings will prove to have relevance for patients and caregivers, and research needs to continue to examine how perioperative factors influence neuronal systems
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Price CC, Garvan CW, Monk TG. Type and severity of cognitive decline in older adults after noncardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2008; 108:8-17. Preoperative patient assessment must always consider type and severity of cognitive decline in older adults presenting for surgery. The findings will prove to have relevance for patients and caregivers, and research needs to continue to examine how perioperative factors influence neuronal systems.
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(2008)
Anesthesiology
, vol.108
, pp. 8-17
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Price, C.C.1
Garvan, C.W.2
Monk, T.G.3
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23
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12344314405
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Thirty percent of patients have moderate to severe pain 24 hr after ambulatory surgery: A survey of 5,703 patients
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McGrath B, Elgendy H, Chung F, et al. Thirty percent of patients have moderate to severe pain 24 hr after ambulatory surgery: a survey of 5,703 patients. Can J Anaesth 2004; 51:886-891.
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(2004)
Can J Anaesth
, vol.51
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McGrath, B.1
Elgendy, H.2
Chung, F.3
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24
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48249112969
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Opioids and the management of chronic severe pain in the elderly: consensus statement of an International Expert Panel with focus on the six clinically most often used World Health Organization Step III opioids (buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone)
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The use of opioids in treating pain and the criteria for selecting analgesics for pain treatment in the elderly patients must include overall efficacy, overall side effect profile, onset of action, drug interactions, abuse potential, and practical issues such as cost and availability of the drug, as well as the severity and type of pain (nociceptive, acute/chronic, etc.). This proves to be a good consensus statement from an International Expert Panel, with focus on the clinically most often used World Health Organization Step III opioids
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Pergolizzi J, Böger RH, Budd K, et al. Opioids and the management of chronic severe pain in the elderly: consensus statement of an International Expert Panel with focus on the six clinically most often used World Health Organization Step III opioids (buprenorphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone). Pain Pract 2008; 8:287-313. The use of opioids in treating pain and the criteria for selecting analgesics for pain treatment in the elderly patients must include overall efficacy, overall side effect profile, onset of action, drug interactions, abuse potential, and practical issues such as cost and availability of the drug, as well as the severity and type of pain (nociceptive, acute/chronic, etc.). This proves to be a good consensus statement from an International Expert Panel, with focus on the clinically most often used World Health Organization Step III opioids.
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(2008)
Pain Pract
, vol.8
, pp. 287-313
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Pergolizzi, J.1
Böger, R.H.2
Budd, K.3
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26
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65349103927
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Epidural analgesia versus femoral or femoral-sciatic nerve block after total knee replacement: Comparison of efficacy and safety
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Pain subsequent to many surgical procedures can be intense, and this study identifies only one surgical procedure, but the results can be modeled toward many other different types of surgical procedures. Pain can often be treated more effectively and is associated with less postoperative morphine consumption with a peripheral nerve block. In addition, peripheral nerve block techniques often have fewer adverse side effects than epidural analgesia
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Santiveri Papiol X, Castillo Monsegur J, Bisbe Vives E, et al. Epidural analgesia versus femoral or femoral-sciatic nerve block after total knee replacement: comparison of efficacy and safety. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2009; 56:16-20. Pain subsequent to many surgical procedures can be intense, and this study identifies only one surgical procedure, but the results can be modeled toward many other different types of surgical procedures. Pain can often be treated more effectively and is associated with less postoperative morphine consumption with a peripheral nerve block. In addition, peripheral nerve block techniques often have fewer adverse side effects than epidural analgesia.
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(2009)
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim
, vol.56
, pp. 16-20
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Santiveri Papiol, X.1
Castillo Monsegur, J.2
Bisbe Vives, E.3
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27
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0036294870
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Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome
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Kehlet H, Wilmore DW. Multimodal strategies to improve surgical outcome. Am J Surg 2002; 183:630-641.
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(2002)
Am J Surg
, vol.183
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Kehlet, H.1
Wilmore, D.W.2
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28
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63449110652
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A comparison of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) and continuous epidural infusion (CEI) in postoperative analgesia and knee rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
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The search for the tailored anesthetic plan should focus on optimal analgesia while minimizing side effect profiles of the chosen anesthetic technique
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Sundarathiti P, Ruananukul N, Channum T, et al. A comparison of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) and continuous epidural infusion (CEI) in postoperative analgesia and knee rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). J Med Assoc Thai 2009; 92:328-334. The search for the tailored anesthetic plan should focus on optimal analgesia while minimizing side effect profiles of the chosen anesthetic technique.
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(2009)
J Med Assoc Thai
, vol.92
, pp. 328-334
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Sundarathiti, P.1
Ruananukul, N.2
Channum, T.3
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29
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63849167576
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The effects of spinal anesthesia on cerebral blood flow in the very elderly
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This study identifies the potential of exacerbation or cumulative influence of the many details and the impacts they may play significant roles in patient care
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Minville V, Asehnoune K, Salau S, et al. The effects of spinal anesthesia on cerebral blood flow in the very elderly. Anesth Analg 2009; 108:1291-1294. This study identifies the potential of exacerbation or cumulative influence of the many details and the impacts they may play significant roles in patient care.
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(2009)
Anesth Analg
, vol.108
, pp. 1291-1294
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Minville, V.1
Asehnoune, K.2
Salau, S.3
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30
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64749093725
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Adverse drug events in hospitalized elderly in a geriatric medicine unit: Study of prevalence and risk factors
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This recent paper once again identifies a need for diligence in formulating the anesthetic plan tailored according to considerations of patient disorder, co-morbidities, medications, and adverse drug potentials
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Cecile M, Seux V, Pauly V, et al. Adverse drug events in hospitalized elderly in a geriatric medicine unit: study of prevalence and risk factors. Rev Med Interne 2009; 30:393-400. This recent paper once again identifies a need for diligence in formulating the anesthetic plan tailored according to considerations of patient disorder, co-morbidities, medications, and adverse drug potentials.
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(2009)
Rev Med Interne
, vol.30
, pp. 393-400
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Cecile, M.1
Seux, V.2
Pauly, V.3
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31
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2542445356
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Postoperative cognitive function as an outcome of regional anesthesia and analgesia
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Wu CL, Hsu W, Richman JL, et al. Postoperative cognitive function as an outcome of regional anesthesia and analgesia. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004; 29:257-268.
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(2004)
Reg Anesth Pain Med
, vol.29
, pp. 257-268
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Wu, C.L.1
Hsu, W.2
Richman, J.L.3
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32
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10744231306
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Cognitive dysfunction after minor surgery in the elderly
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Canet J, Raeder J, Rasmussen LS, et al. Cognitive dysfunction after minor surgery in the elderly. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003; 47:1204-1210.
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(2003)
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand
, vol.47
, pp. 1204-1210
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Canet, J.1
Raeder, J.2
Rasmussen, L.S.3
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33
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0345870036
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Sleeping characteristics of adults undergoing outpatient elective surgery: A cohort study
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Kain ZN, Caldwell-Andrews AA. Sleeping characteristics of adults undergoing outpatient elective surgery: a cohort study. J Clin Anesth 2003; 15:505-509.
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(2003)
J Clin Anesth
, vol.15
, pp. 505-509
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Kain, Z.N.1
Caldwell-Andrews, A.A.2
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34
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52949083906
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Postoperative mortality after inpatient surgery: Incidence and risk factors
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This study deciphered details specific to perioperative management of patient care to come to conclusions versus merely looking at the outcome. It identified risk factors and the effects of anesthetic choices collectively to evaluate efficacy that has important consequences following treatment
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Fecho K, Lunney AT, Boysen PG, et al. Postoperative mortality after inpatient surgery: incidence and risk factors. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2008; 4:681-688. This study deciphered details specific to perioperative management of patient care to come to conclusions versus merely looking at the outcome. It identified risk factors and the effects of anesthetic choices collectively to evaluate efficacy that has important consequences following treatment.
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(2008)
Ther Clin Risk Manag
, vol.4
, pp. 681-688
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Fecho, K.1
Lunney, A.T.2
Boysen, P.G.3
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35
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3042604927
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A survey of pain and other symptoms that affect the recovery process after discharge from ambulatory surgery units
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Pavlin DJ, Chen C, Penaloza DA, et al. A survey of pain and other symptoms that affect the recovery process after discharge from ambulatory surgery units. J Clin Anesth 2004; 16:200-206.
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(2004)
J Clin Anesth
, vol.16
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Pavlin, D.J.1
Chen, C.2
Penaloza, D.A.3
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36
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52049093011
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Pain management in patients with cognitive impairment: A research implementation project
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Elderly patients and those with cognitive impairment and consecutive communication disturbance are, due to their age and illness, a very vulnerable group. They are particularly at risk because their pain is not well assessed and, therefore, often not treated adequately. Insufficient pain management, however, impacts health status and decreases cognitive functioning and the patients' quality of life
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Lagger V, Mahrer Imhof R, Imhof L. Pain management in patients with cognitive impairment: a research implementation project. Pflege 2008; 21: 149-156. Elderly patients and those with cognitive impairment and consecutive communication disturbance are, due to their age and illness, a very vulnerable group. They are particularly at risk because their pain is not well assessed and, therefore, often not treated adequately. Insufficient pain management, however, impacts health status and decreases cognitive functioning and the patients' quality of life.
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(2008)
Pflege
, vol.21
, pp. 149-156
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Lagger, V.1
Mahrer Imhof, R.2
Imhof, L.3
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37
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2442597941
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Usefulness of epidural anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic surgery in comparison to general anesthesia
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Kuramochi K, Osuga Y, Yano T, et al. Usefulness of epidural anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic surgery in comparison to general anesthesia. Surg Endosc 2004; 18:847-851.
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Kuramochi, K.1
Osuga, Y.2
Yano, T.3
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38
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67049154280
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Foot and ankle surgery: Considerations for the geriatric patient
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The changes in surgical approaches for the geriatric patient have permitted more effective and rapid intervention in problems affecting ambulation and quality of life in our aged population
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Lee DK, Mulder GD. Foot and ankle surgery: considerations for the geriatric patient. J Am Board Fam Med 2009; 22:316-324. The changes in surgical approaches for the geriatric patient have permitted more effective and rapid intervention in problems affecting ambulation and quality of life in our aged population.
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J Am Board Fam Med
, vol.22
, pp. 316-324
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Lee, D.K.1
Mulder, G.D.2
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39
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0027481087
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Predicting postoperative fatigue: Importance of preoperative factors
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Schroeder D, Hill GL. Predicting postoperative fatigue: importance of preoperative factors. World J Surg 1993; 17:226-231.
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World J Surg
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Schroeder, D.1
Hill, G.L.2
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Systemic review of meta-analysis of interventions for postoperative fatigue
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Rubin GJ, Hotopf M. Systemic review of meta-analysis of interventions for postoperative fatigue. Br J Surg 2002; 89:971-984.
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Br J Surg
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Rubin, G.J.1
Hotopf, M.2
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41
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66649122557
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Delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction after general anesthesia
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Administration of chemical agents that induce reversible unconsciousness can influence cognitive function with negative effects on consciousness and brain mechanisms underlying cognitive function. Central nervous system dysfunction after anesthesia and/or surgery can occur at any age but is a particular issue for elderly patients
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Saniova B, Drobny M, Sulaj M. Delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction after general anesthesia. Med Sci Monit 2009; 15:81-87. Administration of chemical agents that induce reversible unconsciousness can influence cognitive function with negative effects on consciousness and brain mechanisms underlying cognitive function. Central nervous system dysfunction after anesthesia and/or surgery can occur at any age but is a particular issue for elderly patients.
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(2009)
Med Sci Monit
, vol.15
, pp. 81-87
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Saniova, B.1
Drobny, M.2
Sulaj, M.3
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42
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43849086607
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Effect of effort pain after upper abdominal surgery on two independent measures of respiratory function
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Effort pain interacts dramatically with changing pulmonary function after upper abdominal and thoracic surgeries. There remains a direct relationship between resolution of pain with effort and direct measures of respiratory muscle effort that is often enhanced with regional anesthesia
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Kimball WR, Carwood CM, Chang Y, et al. Effect of effort pain after upper abdominal surgery on two independent measures of respiratory function. J Clin Anesth 2008; 20:200-205. Effort pain interacts dramatically with changing pulmonary function after upper abdominal and thoracic surgeries. There remains a direct relationship between resolution of pain with effort and direct measures of respiratory muscle effort that is often enhanced with regional anesthesia.
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(2008)
J Clin Anesth
, vol.20
, pp. 200-205
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Kimball, W.R.1
Carwood, C.M.2
Chang, Y.3
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43
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54349099459
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Protective effects of epidural analgesia on pulmonary complications after abdominal and thoracic surgery: A metaanalysis
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Regional anesthesia versus systemic analgesia on postoperative pulmonary complications continues to show superior analgesic benefit. There are also some data that may show that regional anesthesia protects against other morbidities following abdominal or thoracic surgery
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Pöpping DM, Elia N, Marret E, et al. Protective effects of epidural analgesia on pulmonary complications after abdominal and thoracic surgery: a metaanalysis. Arch Surg 2008; 143:990-1000. Regional anesthesia versus systemic analgesia on postoperative pulmonary complications continues to show superior analgesic benefit. There are also some data that may show that regional anesthesia protects against other morbidities following abdominal or thoracic surgery.
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(2008)
Arch Surg
, vol.143
, pp. 990-1000
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Pöpping, D.M.1
Elia, N.2
Marret, E.3
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44
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33750093795
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Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid-based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery
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Nishimori M, Ballantyne JC, Low JH. Epidural pain relief versus systemic opioid-based pain relief for abdominal aortic surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006: CD005059.
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Cochrane Database Syst Rev
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Nishimori, M.1
Ballantyne, J.C.2
Low, J.H.3
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45
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0034020444
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Choosing general versus regional anesthesia for the elderly
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Roy RC. Choosing general versus regional anesthesia for the elderly. Anestheiol Clin N Am 2000; 18:91-104.
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Anestheiol Clin N Am
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Roy, R.C.1
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Venous thromboembolism following major orthopedic surgery: Review of epidemiology and economics
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Edelsberg J, Ollendorf D, Oster G. Venous thromboembolism following major orthopedic surgery: review of epidemiology and economics. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001; 58:4-13.
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Am J Health Syst Pharm
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Edelsberg, J.1
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