Environmental marine geoscience 4: Georgia Basin: Seabed features and marine geohazards

Geoscience Canada

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 2005, Pages 145-156

  Barrie, J Vaughn ^a   Hill, Philip R ^a   Conway, Kim W ^a   Iwanowska, Kashka ^a   Picard, Kim ^a  

^a Geological Survey of Canada Sidney   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE FAULT; BEDFORMS; FRASER RIVER; GEOHAZARDS; GEOLOGICAL FEATURES; GEORGIA; GEOSCIENCES; GLACIAL HISTORY; HOLOCENES; INTERGLACIAL PERIODS; MARINE SPECIES; MULTI-BEAM; SEISMICALLY ACTIVE REGION; SPONGE REEFS;

GLACIAL GEOLOGY; OCEANOGRAPHY; SEDIMENTOLOGY;

SLOPE STABILITY;

EID: 70349136210     PISSN: 03150941     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Acosta, J., Munoz, A., Herranz, P., Palomo, C., Ballesteros, M., Vaquero, M. and Uchupi E., 2001, Pockmarks in the Ibiza channel and western end of the Balearic Promontory (western Mediterranean) revealed by multibeam mapping: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 21, p. 123-130.
2. Ashley, G.M., 1990, Classification of large-scale subaqueous bedforms: a new look at an old problem: SEPM Bedforms and Bedding Structures Research Symposium: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 60, p. 160-172.
3. ASL Environmental Services, 2001, Data Report: Oceanographic Current Measurements; Boundary Passage, BC, Canada; June 21 - August 11, 2000, Report submitted to Aker Engineering and Williams Gas Pipeline, 83 p.
4. Barrie, J.V., 2000, Recent geological evolution and human impact: Fraser Delta, Canada, in Pye, K. and Allen, J.R.L., eds., Coastal and Estuarine Environments: Sedimentology, Geomorphology and Geoarchaeology, Geological Society of London, Special Publication # 175, p. 281-292.
5. Barrie J.V. and Conway K.W., 2002, Contrasting glacial sedimentation processes and sea-level changes in two adjacent basins on the Pacific margin of Canada, in Dowdeswell, J., and O'Cofaigh, C., eds., Glacier-Influenced Sedimentation on High-Latitude Continental Margins, Geological Society of London, Special Publication # 203, p. 181-194.
6. Barrie, J.V. and Currie, R.G., 2000, Human impact and sedimentary regime of the Fraser River Delta, Canada: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 16, p. 747-755.
7. Barrie, J.V. and Hill, P.R., 2004, Holocene faulting on a tectonic margin: Georgia Basin, British Columbia, Canada: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 24, p. 86-96.
8. Carle, L., 2003, La morphosédimentologie de la pente supérieure et de la plate-forme subtidale du Banc Roberts (Delta du Fraser, Colombie-Britannique), Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Québec in Rimouski.
9. Cassidy, J.F., Rogers, G.C. and Waldhauser, F., 2000, Characterization of active faulting beneath the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 90, p. 1188-1199.
10. Christian, H.A., Mosher, D.C., Mulder, T., Barrie, J.V. and Courtney, R.C., 1997, Geomorphology and potential slope instability on the Fraser River delta fores-lope, Vancouver, British Columbia: Canadian Geotechnical Journal, v. 34, p. 432-446.
11. Christian, H.A., Mosher, D.C., Barrie, J.V., Hunter, J.A. and Luternauer, J.L., 1998, Seabed instability on the Fraser River delta, in Clague, J.J., Luternauer, J.L. and Mosher, D.C., eds., Geology and Natural Hazards of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 525, p. 217-230.
12. Clague, J.J., 1976, Quadra Sand and its relation to the late Wisconsin glaciation of southwest British Columbia: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 13, p. 803-815.
13. Clague, J.J., 1977, Quadra Sand: a study of the late Pleistocene geology and geomorphic history of coastal southwest British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 77-117
14. Clague, J.J., 1981, Late Quaternary geology and geochronology of British Columbia, Part 2: Summary and discussion of radiocarbon-dated Quaternary history, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 80-135
15. Clague, J.J., 1989, Quaternary geology of the Canadian Cordillera, in Fulton R.J., ed., Chapter 1, Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland, Geological Survey of Canada, Geology of Canada, no.1, p. 17-95.
16. Clague, J.J., 1994, Quaternary stratigraphy and history of south-coastal British Columbia, in Monger, J.W.H., ed., Geology and geological hazards of the Vancouver region, southwestern British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin, 481, p.181-192.
17. Clague, J.J. and Bornhold, B.D., 1980, Morphology and littoral processes of the Pacific coast of Canada, in McCann, S.B., ed., The Coastline of Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 80-10, p. 339-380.
18. Conway, K.W., Barrie, J.V., Austin, W.C. and Luternauer, J.L., 1991, Holocene sponge bioherms on the western Canadian continental shelf: Continental Shelf Research, v. 11, p. 771-790.
19. Conway, K.W., Krautter, M., Barrie, J.V. and Neuweiler, M., 2001, Hexactinellid sponge reefs on the Canadian continental shelf: a unique "living fossil: Geoscience Canada, v. 28, p.71-78.
20. Conway, K.W., Barrie, J.V. and Kruatter, M., 2004a, Modern siliceous sponge reefs in a turbid siliclastic setting: Fraser River delta, British Columbia, Canada: Journal Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie, v. 6, p. 335-350.
21. Conway, K.W., Barrie, J.V. and Krautter, M., 2004b, Sponge reefs mapped by multi-beam swath bathymetry: the diverse morphology of unique reefs on the western Canadian margin: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 25, p. 205-213
22. Crean, P.B. and Ages, A., 1971, Oceanographic records from twelve cruises in the Strait of Georgia and Juan de Fuca Strait, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Canada, 1, 55 p.
23. Currie, R.G., and Mosher, D.C., 1996, Swath bathymetric surveys in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Current Research 1996-E, Geological Survey of Canada, p. 33-40.
24. England, T.D.J. and Bustin, R.M., 1998, Architecture of the Georgia Basin southwestern British Columbia: Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, v. 46, p. 288-320.
25. Groulx, B.J. and Mustard, P.S. 2004, Understanding the geological development of the Lower mainland: the first step in informed land-use decisions, in Groulx, J.L., Mosher, D.C., Luternauer, J.L. and Bilderback, D.E., eds., The Fraser Delta, Issues of an Urban Estuary, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 567, p. 1-14.
26. Guilbault, J-P., Barrie, J.V., Conway, K.W., Lapointe, M. and Radi T., 2003, Paleoenvironments associated with the deglaciation process in the Strait of Georgia off British Columbia: microfaunal and microfloral evidence: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 22, p. 839-857.
27. Hamilton, T.S. and Wigen, S.O., 1987, The Foreslope Hills of the Fraser Delta: implications for tsunamis in Georgia Strait: International Journal of the Tsunamis Society, v. 5, p. 15-33.
28. Hart, B.S., 1993, Large-scale in situ rotational failure on a low-angle delta slope: the Foreslope Hills, Fraser Delta, British Columbia, Canada: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 13, p. 219-226.
29. Hart, B.S. and Barrie, J.V., 1995, Environmental Geology of the Fraser Delta, Vancouver: Geoscience Canada, v. 22, p. 172-183.
30. Hart, B.S. and Hamilton, T.S., 1993, High-resolution acoustic mapping of shallow gas in unconsolidated sediments beneath the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 13, p. 49-55.
31. Hart, B.S., Prior, D.B., Barrie, J.V., Currie, R.G. and Luternauer, J.L., 1992, A river mouth submarine channel and failure complex, Fraser Delta, Canada: Sedimentary Geology, v. 81, p. 73-87.
32. Hart, B.S., Hamilton, T.S., Prior, D.B. and Barrie, J.V., 1995, Seismic Stratigraphy and sedimentary framework of a deep water Holocene delta: The Fraser Delta, Canada, in Oti, M.N. and Postma, G. eds., Chapter 8, Geology of Deltas, A.A. Balkema Publishers, p. 167-178.
33. Hart, B.S., Hamilton, T.S. and Barrie, J.V., 1998, Sedimentation on the Fraser Delta slope and prodelta, Canada, based on high-resolution seismic stratigraphy, lithofacies and 137Cs fallout stratigraphy: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 68, p. 556-568.
34. Hill, P.R., 2003, The hazard potential of pockmarks at the entrance to Vancouver Harbour (abstract): Annual Meeting, 2003, Abstract 518.
35. Hewitt, A.T. and Mosher, D.C., 2001, Late Quaternary stratigraphy and seafloor geology of the eastern Juan de Fuca Strait, British Columbia and Washington: Marine Geology, v. 177, p. 295-316.
36. Hovland, M., 1983, Elongated depressions associated with pockmarks in the western slope of the Norwegian Trench: Marine Geology, v. 51, p. 35-46.
37. Hovland, M. and Judd, A.G., 1988, Seabed Pockmark and Seepages: Impact on Geology, Sedimentology and the Environment: Graham and Trotman, London.
38. Johannessen, S.C., Macdonald, R.W. and Paton, D.W., 2003, A sediment and organic carbon budget for the greater Strait of Georgia. Estuarine: Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 56, p. 845-860.
39. Johnson, S.Y., 1984, Stratigraphy, age, and paleogeography of the Eocene Chuckanut formation northwest Washington: Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 21, p. 92-106.
40. Kostaschuk, R.A., Luternauer, J.L., McKenna, G.T. and Moslow, T.F., 1992, Sediment transport in a submarine channel system: Fraser River Delta: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 62, p. 273-282.
41. Kostaschuk, R.A., Luternauer, J.L., Barrie, J.V., LeBlond, P.H. and Werth von Deichmann, L., 1995, Sediment transport by tidal currents and implications for slope stability: Fraser River delta, British Columbia: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 32, p. 852-859.
42. Krautter, M., Conway, K.W., Barrie, J.V. and Neuweiler, M., 2001, Discovery of a "living dinosaur": Globally unique modern hexactinellid sponge reefs off British Columbia, Canada: Facies, v. 44, p. 265-282.
43. Lastras, G., Canals, M., Urgeles, R., Hughes-Clarke, J.E. and Acosta, J., 2004, Shallow slides and pockmark swarms in the Eivissa Channel, western Mediterranean Sea: Sedimentology, v. 51, p. 837-850.
44. LeBlond, P.H., 1983, The Strait of Georgia: functional anatomy of a coastal sea: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 40, p. 1033-1063.
45. Masson, D., 2002, Deep water renewal in the Strait of Georgia: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 54, p.115-126.
46. Mathews, W.H. and Shepard, F.P., 1962, Sedimentation of the Fraser River delta, British Columbia: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geology, v. 46, p. 1416-1438.
47. Mosher, D.C. and Hamilton, T.S., 1998, Morphology, structure and stratigraphy of the offshore Fraser delta and adjacent Strait of Georgia, in Clague, J.J., Luternauer, J.L. and Mosher, D.C. eds., Geology and Natural Hazards of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 525, p. 147-160.
48. Mosher, D.C. and Johnson, S.Y., 2001, Neotectonic mapping in the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca: Report of field activities. Geological Survey of Canada Open File No. 3868. 27 p.
49. Mosher, D.C. and Simpkin, P.G., 1999, Status and trends on marine high-resolution seismic reflection profiling: data acquisition, Geoscience Canada, v. 25, p. 174-188.
50. Mosher, D.C. and Thomson, R.E., 2000, Massive submarine sand dunes in the eastern Juan de Fuca Strait, British Columbia, in Trentesaux, A. and Garlan, T., eds., Marine Sandwave Dynamics, International Workshop Proceedings, March 2000, University of Lille, France, p.131-142.
51. Mosher, D.C. and Thomson, R.E., 2002, The Foreslope Hills: large scale, fine-grained sediment waves in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia: Marine Geology, v. 192, p. 275-295.
52. Mustard, P.S., 1994, The upper Cretaceous Nanaimo Group, Georgia Basin, in Monger J.W.H., ed., Geology and Geological Hazards of the Vancouver Region, Southwestern British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 481, p. 27-95.
53. Mustard, P.S. and Rouse, G.E., 1994, Stratigraphy and evolution of Tertiary Georgia Basin and subjacent Upper Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, southwestern British Columbia and northwestern Washington State, in Monger J.WH., ed., Geology and Geological Hazards of the Vancouver Region, Southwestern British Columbia, Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 481, p. 97-140.
54. Pharo, C.H. and Barnes, W.C., 1976, Distribution of surficial sediments of the central and southern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 13, p. 684-696.
55. Porter, S.C. and Swanson, T.W., 1998, Radiocarbon age constraints on rates of advance and retreat of the Puget lobe of the Cordilleran ice sheet during the last glaciation: Quaternary Research, v. 50, p. 205-213
56. Riddihough, R.P. and Hyndman, R.D., 1991, Modern plate tectonic regime of the continental margin of western Canada, in Gabrielse, H. and Yorath, C.J., eds., Geology of the Cordilleran Orogen in Canada. Geological Survey of Canada, Geology of Canada, No 4, Chapter 13, p. 435-455.
57. Rogers, G.C., 1998, Earthquakes and earthquake hazard in the Vancouver area, in Clague, J.J., Luternauer, J.C. and Mosher, D.C., eds., Geology and Natural Hazards of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 525, p. 17-25.
58. Satake, K., Shimazaki, K., Tsuji, Y. and Ueda, K., 1996, Time and size of a giant earthquake in Cascadia inferred from Japanese tsunami records of January 1700: Nature, v. 379, p. 246-249.
59. Terzaghi, K., 1962, Discussion, sedimentation of Fraser River Delta, British Columbia: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geology, v. 46, p. 1438-1443.
60. Thomson, R.E., 1981, Oceanography of the British Columbia coast: Canadian Special Publications of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 56, 291p.
61. Thomson, R.R., 1994, Physical oceanography of the Strait of Georgia-Puget Sound-Juan de Fuca Strait system, in Wilson, R.H., Beamish, R.J., Aitkens, F. and Bell, J. eds., Review of the Marine Environment and Biota of Strait of Georgia, Puget Sound and Juan de Fuca Strait, Proceedings of the BC/Washington Symposium on the Marine Environment, January 1994, p. 36-100.
62. Waitt, R.B. and Thorson, R.M., 1983, The Cordilleran ice sheet in Washington, Idaho, and Montana, in Porter, S.C., ed., Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States, Volume 1, the Late Pleistocene, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota, p. 53-70.