Rheological, morphological and structural properties of PE/PA/nanoclay ternary blends: Effect of clay weight fraction

Journal of Rheology

Volumn 53, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1101-1119

  Huitric, Jacques ^a   Ville, Julien ^a   Ḿd́ric, Pascal ^a   Moan, Michel ^a   Aubry, Thierry ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ EUROPÉENNE DE BRETAGNE   (France)

Author keywords

Morphology; Nano clay; Rheology; Ternary Polymer Blends

Indexed keywords

CLAY CONTENT; CLAY FRACTIONS; CLAY PARTICLES; DISPERSED PHASE; INTERPHASE THICKNESS; MATRIX; NANO-CLAY; ORGANICALLY-MODIFIED LAYERED SILICATES; PA MATRIX; STEADY SHEAR MEASUREMENTS; STRUCTURE OF THE BLEND; TERNARY BLENDS; TERNARY POLYMER BLENDS; WEIGHT FRACTIONS; YIELD BEHAVIORS;

ELASTICITY; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE INTERFACES; PLASTICITY; POLYMER BLENDS; POLYMERS; RHEOLOGY; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SILICATES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; VISCOSITY;

CLAY MINERALS;

EID: 70249131789     PISSN: 01486055     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1122/1.3153551     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Alexandre, M., and P. Dubois, " Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials.," Mater. Sci. Eng. R. 28, 1-63 (2000). 10.1016/S0927-796X(00) 00012-7 (Pubitemid 30865568)
2. Aubry, T., T. Razafinimaro, and P. Ḿd́ric, " Rheological investigation of the melt state elastic and yield properties of a polyamide-12 layered silicate nanocomposite.," J. Rheol. 0148-6055 49, 425-440 (2005). 10.1122/1.1859791 (Pubitemid 43126823)
3. Bousmina, M., A. Ait-Kadi, and J. B. Faisant, " Determination of shear rate and viscosity from batch mixer data.," J. Rheol. 0148-6055 43, 415-434 (1999). 10.1122/1.551044
4. Chen, G. X., H. S. Kim, E. S. Kim, and J. S. Yoon, " Compatibilization-like effect of reactive organoclay on the poly(L-lactide)/ poly(butylene succinate) blends.," Polymer 0032-3861 46, 11829-11836 (2005). 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.10.056 (Pubitemid 41653378)
5. Fang, Z., Y. Xu, and L. Tong, " Effect of clay on the morphology of binary blends of polyamide 6 with high density polyethylene and HDPE-graft-acrylic acid.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 47, 551-559 (2007). 10.1002/pen.20675 (Pubitemid 46715365)
6. Favis, B. D., and J. P. Chalifoux, " Influence of composition on the morphology of polypropylene/polycarbonate blends.," Polymer 0032-3861 29, 1761-1767 (1988). 10.1016/0032-3861(88)90388-6
7. Fornes, T. D., and D. R. Paul, " Structure and properties of nanocomposites based on nylon-11 and -12 compared with those based on nylon-6.," Macromolecules 0024-9297 37, 7698-7709 (2004). 10.1021/ma048757o
8. Fornes, T. D., P. J. Yoon, H. Keskkula, and D. R. Paul, " Nylon 6 nanocomposites: The effect of matrix molecular weight.," Polymer 0032-3861 42, 09929-09940 (2001). 10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00552-3
9. Gahleitner, M., B. Kretzschmar, G. V. Vliet, J. Devaux, D. Pospiech, K. Bernreitner, and E. Ingolic, " Rheology/morphology interactions in polypropylene/polyamide-6 nanocomposites.," Rheol. Acta 0035-4511 45, 322-330 (2006). 10.1007/s00397-005-0029-3 (Pubitemid 43898995)
10. Gelfer, M. Y., H. H. Song, L. Liu, B. S. Hsiao, B. Chu, M. Rafailovich, M. Si, and V. Zaitsev, " Effects of organoclays on morphology and thermal and rheological properties of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) blends.," J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 0887-6266 41, 44-54 (2003). 10.1002/polb.10360
11. Gilman, J. W., " Flammability and thermal stability studies of polymer-layered silicate (clay) nanocomposites.," Appl. Clay Sci. 0169-1317 15, 31-49 (1999). 10.1016/S0169-1317(99)00019-8
12. Grace, H. P., " Dispersion phenomena in high viscosity immiscible fluid systems and application of static mixers as dispersion devices in such systems.," Chem. Eng. Commun. 0098-6445 14, 225-277 (1982). 10.1080/00986448208911047
13. Graebling, D., A. Benkira, Y. Gallot, and R. Muller, " Dynamic viscoelastic behaviour of polymer blends in the melt-Experimental results for PDMS/POE-DO, PS/PMMA, and PS/PEMA.," Eur. Polym. J. 0014-3057 30, 301-308 (1994). 10.1016/0014-3057(94)90290-9
14. Hong, J. S., J. K. Kim, Y. H. Ahn, S. J. Lee, and C. Kim, " Interfacial tension reduction in PBT/PE/clay nanocomposite.," Rheol. Acta 0035-4511 46, 469-478 (2007). 10.1007/s00397-006-0123-1
15. Hong, J. S., H. Namkung, K. H. Ahn, S. J. Lee, and C. Kim, " The role of organically modified layered silicate in the breakup and coalescence of droplets in PBT/PE blends.," Polymer 0032-3861 47, 3967-3975 (2006). 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.077 (Pubitemid 43767395)
16. Hu, Y. T., D. J. Pine, and L. G. Leal, " Drop deformation, breakup and coalescence with compatibilizer.," Phys. Fluids 1070-6631 12, 484-489 (2000). 10.1063/1.870254
17. Huitric, J., P. Ḿd́ric, M. Moan, and J. Jarrin, " Influence of composition on rheological properties of polyethylene/polyamide blends.," Polymer 0032-3861 39, 4849-4856 (1998). 10.1016/S0032-3861(97) 10255-5 (Pubitemid 28527863)
18. Huitric, J., M. Moan, P. J. Carreau, and N. Dufaure, " Effect of reactive compatibilization on droplet coalescence in shear flow.," J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 0377-0257 145, 139-149 (2007). 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007. 06.001 (Pubitemid 47244970)
19. Ke, Z., and B. Yongping, " Improve the gas barrier property of PET film with montmorillonite by in situ interlayer polymerization.," Mater. Lett. 0167-577X 59, 3348-3351 (2005). 10.1016/j.matlet.2005.05.070 (Pubitemid 41317003)
20. Khatua, B. B., J. L. Dong, Y. K. Hwang, and K. K. Jin, " Effect of organoclay platelets on morphology of nylon-6 and poly(ethylene-ran-propylene) rubber blends.," Macromolecules 0024-9297 37, 2454-2459 (2004). 10.1021/ma0352072
21. Kojima, Y., A. Usuki, M. Kawasumi, A. Okada, T. Kurauchi, O. Kamigaito, and K. Kaji, " Fine structure of nylon-6-clay hybrid.," J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 0887-6266 32, 625-630 (1994). 10.1002/polb.1994. 090320404
22. Krishnamoorti, R., and K. Yurekli, " Rheology of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites.," Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 1359-0294 6, 464-470 (2001). 10.1016/S1359-0294(01)00121-2 (Pubitemid 33123196)
23. Krook, M., A. C. Albertsson, U. W. Gedde, and M. S. Hedenqvist, " Barrier and mechanical properties of montmorillonite/polyesteramide nanocomposite.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 42, 1238-1246 (2002). 10.1002/pen.11027 (Pubitemid 34721075)
24. Lepers, J. C., and B. D. Favis, " Interfacial tension reduction and coalescence suppression in compatibilized blends.," AIChE J. 0001-1541 45, 887-895 (1999). 10.1002/aic.690450419
25. Lim, Y. T., and O. O. Park, " Phase morphology and rheological behavior of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites.," Rheol. Acta 0035-4511 40, 220-229 (2001). 10.1007/s003970000126 (Pubitemid 32516508)
26. Macosko, C. W., P. Guegan, A. K. Khandpur, A. Nakayama, P. Marechal, and T. Inoue, " Compatibilizers for melt blending: Premade block copolymers.," Macromolecules 0024-9297 29, 5590-5598 (1996). 10.1021/ma9602482
27. Messersmith, P. B., and E. P. Giannelis, " Synthesis and barrier properties of poly(ε -caprolactone)-layered silicate nanocomposites.," J. Polym. Sci. Part Polym. Chem. 33, 1047-1057 (1995). 10.1002/pola.1995. 080330707 0887-624X
28. Ḿd́ric, P., T. Razafinimaro, T. Aubry, M. Moan, and M. H. Klopffer, " Rheological and structural investigation of layered silicate nanocomposites based on polyamide or polyethylene: Influence of processing conditions and volume fraction effects.," Macromol. Symp. 1022-1360 221, 75-84 (2005). 10.1002/masy.200550308 (Pubitemid 40833779)
29. Ḿd́ric, P., T. Razafinimaro, and T. Aubry, " Influence of melt-blending conditions on structural, rheological and interfacial properties of polyamide-12 layererd silicate nanocomposites.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 46, 986-994 (2006). 10.1002/pen.20587 (Pubitemid 44231341)
30. Mehrabzadeh, M., and M. R. Kamal, " Polymer-clay nanocomposites based on blends of polyamide-6 and polyethylene.," Can. J. Chem. 0008-4042 80, 1083-1092 (2002).
31. Moan, M., J. Huitric, P. Ḿd́ric, and J. Jarrin, " Rheological properties and reactive compatibilization of immiscible polymer blends.," J. Rheol. 0148-6055 44, 1227-1245 (2000). 10.1122/1.1289281 (Pubitemid 32084828)
32. Palierne, J. F., " Linear rheology of viscoelastic emulsions with interfacial tension.," Rheol. Acta 0035-4511 29, 204-214 (1990). 10.1007/BF01331356
33. Paul, D. R., and S. Newman, Polymer Blends (Academic, New York, 1976), Vols. 1 and 2.
34. Reichert, P., J. Kressler, R. Thoann, R. Mülhaupt, and G. Stöppelmann, " Nanocomposites based on a synthetic layer silicate and polyamide-12.," Acta Polym. 0323-7648 49, 116-123 (1998). 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4044(199802)49:2/3<116::AID-APOL116>3.0.CO;2-T
35. Sinha Ray, S., and M. Okamoto, " Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: A review from preparation to processing.," Prog. Polym. Sci. 0079-6700 28, 1539-1641 (2003). 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2003.08.002
36. Ray, S., M. Bousmina, and A. Maazouz, " Morphology and properties of organoclay modified polycarbonate/poly(methyl methacrylate) blend.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 46, 1121-1129 (2006). 10.1002/pen.20598 (Pubitemid 44231356)
37. Starita, J. M., " Microstructure of melt blended polymer systems.," Trans. Soc. Rheol. 0038-0032 16, 339-347 (1972). 10.1122/1.549247
38. Steinmann, S., W. Gronski, and C. Friedrich, " Influence of selective filling on rheological properties and phase inversion of two-phase polymer blends.," Polymer 0032-3861 43, 4467-4477 (2002). 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00271-9 (Pubitemid 34619703)
39. Tang, Y., Y. Hu, S. Wang, Z. Gui, and Z. Chen, " Preparation of poly(propylene)/clay layered nanocomposites by melt intercalation from pristine montmorillonite (MMT).," Polym. Adv. Technol. 1042-7147 14, 733-757 (2003). 10.1002/pat.420
40. Usuki, A., Y. Kojima, M. Kawasumi, A. Okada, Y. Fukushima, T. Kurauchi, and O. Kamigaito, " Synthesis of nylon-6-clay hybrid.," J. Mater. Res. 0884-2914 8, 1179-1183 (1993). 10.1557/JMR.1993.1179
41. Utracki, L. A., Two Phases Polymer Systems (Hanser Verlag, Munich, 1991).
42. Van Hemelrijck, E., P. Van Puyvelde, S. Velankar, C. W. Macosko, and P. Moldenaers, " Interfacial elasticity and coalescence suppression in compatibilized polymer blends.," J. Rheol. 0148-6055 48, 143-159 (2004). 10.1122/1.1634987
43. Van Hemelrijck, E., P. Van Puyvelde, C. W. Macosko, and P. Moldenaers, " The effect of block copolymer architecture on the coalescence and interfacial elasticity in compatibilized polymer blends.," J. Rheol. 0148-6055 49, 783-798 (2005). 10.1122/1.1888625 (Pubitemid 43126817)
44. Wang, H., C. Zeng, M. Elkovitch, L. J. Lee, and K. W. Koelling, " Processing and properties of polymeric nano-composites.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 41, 2036-2046 (2001). 10.1002/pen.10899 (Pubitemid 34005153)
45. Wang, S., Y. Hu, L. Song, J. Liu, Z. Chen, and W. Fan, " Study on the dynamic self-organization of montmorillonite in two phases.," J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 0021-8995 91, 1457-1462 (2004). 10.1002/app.13321
46. Wu, S., " Formation of dispersed phase in incompatible polymer blends: Interfacial and rheological effects.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 27, 335-343 (1987). 10.1002/pen.760270506
47. Xanthos, M., " Interfacial agents for multiphase polymer systems: Recent advances.," Polym. Eng. Sci. 0032-3888 28, 1392-1400 (1988). 10.1002/pen.760282108
48. Yoo, Y., C. Park, S. D. Lee, K. Y. Choi, D. S. Kim, and J. H. Lee, " Influence of addition of organoclays on morphologies in nylon 6/LLDPE blends.," Macromol. Chem. Phys. 1022-1352 206, 878-884 (2005). 10.1002/macp.200400526
49. Zanetti, M., G. Camino, R. Thomann, and R. Mulhaupt, " Synthesis and thermal behaviour of layered silicate-EVA nanocomposites.," Polymer 0032-3861 42, 4501-4507 (2001). 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00775-8 (Pubitemid 32155767)