Elite athletes as mothers: Managing multiple identities

Sport Management Review

Volumn 12, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 241-254

  Palmer, Farah R ^a   Leberman, Sarah I ^a  

^a MASSEY UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Elite athletes; Motherhood; Multiple identities; Negotiating leisure constraints

Indexed keywords

EID: 70249126494     PISSN: 14413523     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.smr.2009.03.001     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Arab-Moghaddam N., Henderson K.A., and Sheikholeslami R. Women's leisure and constraints to participation: Iranian perspectives. Journal of Leisure Research 39 1 (2007) 109-126
2. Armstrong K.L. Self, situations, and sport consumption: An exploratory study of symbolic interactionism. Journal of Sport Behavior 30 2 (2007) 111-129
3. Australian Sports Commission. Pregnancy in sport-forum outcomes (2001), Australian Sports Commission, Sydney
4. Bialeschki M.D., and Michener S. Re-entering leisure: Transition within the role of motherhood. Journal of Leisure Research 26 1 (1994) 57-74
5. Borzilleri, M. J. (2008). Olympics: Moms juggle training, kids, Beijing dreams. Retrieved 11 May, 2008, from The Seattle Times, website: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/olympics/2004406033 olynotes11.html.
6. Brown P.R., Brown W.J., Miller Y.D., and Hansen V. Perceived constraints and social support for active leisure among mothers with young children. Leisure Sciences 23 1 (2001) 131-144
7. Cameron J. Trail blazers: Women who manage New Zealand sport (1996), Sports Inclined, Christchurch, New Zealand
8. Crawford D.W., Jackson E.L., and Godbey G. A hierarchical model of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences 13 (1991) 309-320
9. Cresswell J.W. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (2003), Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA
10. Currie J. Motherhood, stress and the exercise experience: Freedom or constraint?. Leisure Studies 23 3 (2004) 225-242
11. Dixon M.A., and Bruening J.E. Perspectives on work-family conflict in sport: An integrated approach. Sport Management Review 8 (2005) 227-253
12. Dixon M.A., and Bruening J.E. Work-family conflict in coaching I: A top-down perspective. Journal of Sport Management 21 (2007) 377-406
13. Dupuis P.R. HyperRESEARCH (Version 1.56) (1994), ResearchWare Inc., Randolph, MA
14. Farber M. Working women: Mother load. Sports Illustrated 109 (2008) 60-62
15. Gilligan C. In a different voice (1982), Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA
16. Golden A. Modernity and the communicative management of multiple roles: The case of the worker-parent. The Journal of Family Communication 4 (2001) 233-264
17. Greenhaus J.H., and Powell G.N. When work and family are allies: A theory of work-family enrichment. Academy of Management Review 31 1 (2006) 72-92
18. Hall M.A. Sport and physical activity in the lives of Canadian women. In: Gruneau R., and Albinson J.G. (Eds). Canadian sport: Sociological perspectives (1976), Addison-Wesley, Toronto 170-200
19. Hall M.A. Feminism and sporting bodies (1996), Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL
20. Henderson K.A. The contribution of feminism to an understanding of leisure constraints. Journal of Leisure Research 23 4 (1991) 363-377
21. Henderson K.A., and Bialeschki M.D. Negotiating constraints to women's physical recreation. Society and Leisure 16 2 (1993) 389-412
22. Henderson K.A., Bialeschki M.D., Shaw S., and Freysinger V.J. A leisure of one's own: A feminist perspective on women's leisure (1989), Venture, State College, PA
23. Hewitt J.P. Self and society: A symbolic interactionist social psychology. 8th ed. (2000), Allyn and Bacon, Needham Heights, MA
24. International Olympic Committee. (2008). Wanted: Women's participation. Retrieved March 13, 2008, from http://www.olympic.org/uk/news/olympic_news/full_story_uk.asp?id=2511.
25. Jackson E.L., Crawford D.W., and Godbey G. Negotiation of leisure constraints. Leisure Sciences 15 1 (1993) 1-11
26. Johnston D.D., and Swanson D.H. Constructing the 'good mother': The experience of mothering ideologies by work status. Sex Roles 54 (2006) 509-519
27. Johnston D.D., and Swanson D.H. Cognitive acrobatics in the construction of worker-mother identity. Sex Roles 57 (2007) 447-459
28. Lantz C.D., and Schroeder P.J. Endorsement of masculine and feminine gender roles: differences between participation in and identification with the athletic role. Journal of Sport Behavior 22 4 (1999) 545-557
29. Little D. Women and adventure recreation: Reconstructing leisure constraints and adventure experiences to negotiate continuing participation. Journal of Leisure Research 34 2 (2002) 157-177
30. Maushart S. The mask of motherhood: How becoming a mother changes everything and why we pretend it doesn't (1999), The New Press, New York
31. McGinnis L.P., and Gentry J.W. Getting past the red tees: Constraints women face in golf and strategies to help them stay. Journal of Sport Management 20 (2006) 218-247
32. Miller Y.D., and Brown W.J. Determinants of active leisure for women with young children-an 'ethic of care' prevails. Leisure Sciences 27 5 (2005) 405-420
33. New Zealand Olympic Committee. New Zealand Olympic Games Team Handbook, Games of the XXIX Olympiad, Beijing China (2008), New Zealand Olympic Committee, Wellington, New Zealand
34. Pedersen I.K. Athletic career: 'Elite sports mothers' as a social phenomenon. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 36 3 (2001) 259-274
35. Ruderman M.A., Ohlott P.J., Panzer K., and King S.N. Benefits of multiple roles for managerial women. Academy of Management Journal 45 2 (2002) 369-386
36. Samdahl D.M. Making room for "silly" debate: Critical reflections on leisure constraints research. In: Jackson E.L. (Ed). Constraints to leisure (2005), Venture Publishing, State College, PA 337-349
37. Samdahl D.M., and Jekubovich N.J. A critique of leisure constraints: Comparative analyses and understandings. Journal of Leisure Research 29 4 (1997) 430-452
38. Sartore M.L., and Cunningham G.B. Explaining the under-representation of women in leadership positions of sport organizations: A symbolic interactionist perspective. QUEST 59 (2007) 244-265
39. Shaw S. Gender, leisure, and constraint: Towards a framework for the analysis of women's leisure. Journal of Leisure Research 26 1 (1994) 8-22
40. Shaw S., and Henderson K.A. Gender analysis and leisure constraints: An uneasy alliance. In: Jackson E.L. (Ed). Constraints to leisure (2005), Venture Publishing, State College, PA 23-34
41. Stevenson C.L. Seeking identities: Towards an understanding of athletic careers of masters swimmers. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37 2 (2002) 131-146
42. Stevenson C.L. Seeking identities: Towards an understanding of the athletic careers of masters swimmers. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37 2 (2002) 131-146
43. Talbot M. Understanding the relationships between women and sport: The contribution of British feminist approaches in leisure and cultural studies. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 23 1 (1988) 31-41
44. Thompson S. 'Thank the ladies for the plates': The incorporation of women into sport. Leisure Studies 9 (1990) 135-143
45. Thompson S. Mother's taxi: Sport and women's labor (1999), State University of New York Press, New York
46. United Nations. (2007). Women 2000 and beyond: Published to promote the goals of the Beijing Declaration and the Platform for Action. Division for the Advancement of Women, Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
47. Wearing B. Leisure and feminist theory (1998), Sage, London
48. Weiss O. Identity reinforcement in sport: Revisiting the symbolic interactionist legacy. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 36 4 (2001) 393-405