메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue SUPPL. 44, 2009, Pages

Overview: Generation of Gene Knockout Mice

Author keywords

Gene knockout; Gene targeting; Homologous recombination

Indexed keywords

BETA GALACTOSIDASE; CRE RECOMBINASE; FLIPPASE; GANCICLOVIR; HERPESVIRUS VECTOR; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; KANAMYCIN KINASE; NEOMYCIN; NUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASE; PLASMID DNA; RECOMBINASE; THYMIDINE KINASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS VECTOR;

EID: 70149109187     PISSN: 19342500     EISSN: 19342616     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/0471143030.cb1912s44     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (145)

References (63)
  • 1
    • 0029043548 scopus 로고
    • Sitespecific recombination mediated by an adenovirus vector expressing the Cre recombinase protein: A molecular switch for control of gene expression
    • Anton, M. and Graham, F.L. 1995. Sitespecific recombination mediated by an adenovirus vector expressing the Cre recombinase protein: A molecular switch for control of gene expression. J. Virol. 69:4600-4606.
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 4600-4606
    • Anton, M.1    Graham, F.L.2
  • 2
    • 0027316203 scopus 로고
    • Site-directed point mutations in embryonic stem cells: A gene-targeting tag-andexchange strategy
    • Askew, G.R., Doetschman, T., and Lingrel, J.B. 1993. Site-directed point mutations in embryonic stem cells: A gene-targeting tag-andexchange strategy. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:4115-4124.
    • (1993) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 4115-4124
    • Askew, G.R.1    Doetschman, T.2    Lingrel, J.B.3
  • 3
    • 0021358883 scopus 로고
    • Formation of germ-line chimaeras from embryo-derived teratocarcinoma cell lines
    • Bradley, A., Evans, M., Kaufman, M.H., and Robertson, E. 1984. Formation of germ-line chimaeras from embryo-derived teratocarcinoma cell lines. Nature 309:255-256
    • (1984) Nature , vol.309 , pp. 255-256
    • Bradley, A.1    Evans, M.2    Kaufman, M.H.3    Robertson, E.4
  • 5
    • 0024564718 scopus 로고
    • The new mouse genetics: Altering the genome by gene targeting
    • Capecchi, M.R. 1989. The new mouse genetics: Altering the genome by gene targeting. Trends Genet. 5:70-76.
    • (1989) Trends Genet , vol.5 , pp. 70-76
    • Capecchi, M.R.1
  • 6
    • 0028095670 scopus 로고
    • Targeted gene replacement
    • Capecchi, M.R. 1994. Targeted gene replacement. Sci. Am. 270:52-59.
    • (1994) Sci. Am. , vol.270 , pp. 52-59
    • Capecchi, M.R.1
  • 7
    • 19544371373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene targeting inmice: Functional analysis of the mammalian genome for the twenty-first century
    • Capecchi, M.R. 2005. Gene targeting inmice: Functional analysis of the mammalian genome for the twenty-first century. Nat. Rev. 6:507-512.
    • (2005) Nat. Rev. , vol.6 , pp. 507-512
    • Capecchi, M.R.1
  • 8
    • 0035161140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary gene targeting strategies for the novice
    • Cheah, S.S. and Behringer, R.R. 2001. Contemporary gene targeting strategies for the novice. Mol. Biotechnol. 19:297-304.
    • (2001) Mol. Biotechnol. , vol.19 , pp. 297-304
    • Cheah, S.S.1    Behringer, R.R.2
  • 9
    • 0031716720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond knock-out mice: New perspectives for the programmed modification of the mammalian genome
    • Cohen-Tannoudji, M. and Babinet, C. 1998. Beyond knock-out mice: New perspectives for the programmed modification of the mammalian genome. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 4:929-938.
    • (1998) Mol. Hum. Reprod. , vol.4 , pp. 929-938
    • Cohen-Tannoudji, M.1    Babinet, C.2
  • 10
    • 0035234218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene targeting in ES cells
    • DeChiara, T.M. 2001. Gene targeting in ES cells. Methods Mol. Biol. 158:19-45.
    • (2001) Methods Mol. Biol. , vol.158 , pp. 19-45
    • DeChiara, T.M.1
  • 11
    • 0026753186 scopus 로고
    • Reexamination of gene targeting frequency as a function of the extent of homology between the targeting vector and the target locus
    • Deng, C. and Capecchi, M.R. 1992. Reexamination of gene targeting frequency as a function of the extent of homology between the targeting vector and the target locus. Mol. Cell Biol. 12:3365-3371.
    • (1992) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 3365-3371
    • Deng, C.1    Capecchi, M.R.2
  • 13
    • 0029954688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flp recombinase promotes site-specific DNA recombination in embryonic stem cells and transgenicmice
    • Dymecki, S.M. 1996. Flp recombinase promotes site-specific DNA recombination in embryonic stem cells and transgenicmice. Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:6191-6196.
    • (1996) Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.93 , pp. 6191-6196
    • Dymecki, S.M.1
  • 14
    • 0019826665 scopus 로고
    • Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
    • Evans, M.J. and Kaufman, M.H. 1981. Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos. Nature 292:154-156.
    • (1981) Nature , vol.292 , pp. 154-156
    • Evans, M.J.1    Kaufman, M.H.2
  • 15
    • 0031589555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of Cre recombinase activity by mutated estrogen receptor ligandbinding domains
    • Feil, R., Wagner, J., Metzger, D., and Chambon, P. 1997. Regulation of Cre recombinase activity by mutated estrogen receptor ligandbinding domains. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 237:752-757.
    • (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.237 , pp. 752-757
    • Feil, R.1    Wagner, J.2    Metzger, D.3    Chambon, P.4
  • 16
    • 0029983577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rearrangement-enhancing element upstream of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain J cluster
    • Ferradini, L., Gu, H., De Smet, A., Rajewsky, K., Reynaud, C.A., and Weill, J.C. 1996. Rearrangement-enhancing element upstream of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa chain J cluster. Science 271:1416-1420.
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 1416-1420
    • Ferradini, L.1    Gu, H.2    De Smet, A.3    Rajewsky, K.4    Reynaud, C.A.5    Weill, J.C.6
  • 17
    • 33745630326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mouse for every gene
    • Grimm, D. 2006. A mouse for every gene. Science 312:1862-1866.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1862-1866
    • Grimm, D.1
  • 18
    • 0028059099 scopus 로고
    • Deletion of a DNA polymerase β gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific gene targeting
    • Gu, H., Marth, J.D., Orban, P.C., Mossman, H., and Rajewsky, K. 1994. Deletion of a DNA polymerase β gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific gene targeting. Science 265:103-106.
    • (1994) Science , vol.265 , pp. 103-106
    • Gu, H.1    Marth, J.D.2    Orban, P.C.3    Mossman, H.4    Rajewsky, K.5
  • 19
    • 0029059790 scopus 로고
    • Rescue of the En-1 mutant phenotype by replacement of En-1 with En-2
    • Hanks, M., Wurst, W., Anson-Cartwright, L., Auerbach, A.B., and Joyner, A.L. 1995. Rescue of the En-1 mutant phenotype by replacement of En-1 with En-2. Science 269:679-682.
    • (1995) Science , vol.269 , pp. 679-682
    • Hanks, M.1    Wurst, W.2    Anson-Cartwright, L.3    Auerbach, A.B.4    Joyner, A.L.5
  • 20
    • 0025943412 scopus 로고
    • The length of homology required for gene targeting in embryonic stem cells
    • Hasty, P., Rivera-Pérez, J., and Bradley, A. 1991. The length of homology required for gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 11:5586-5591.
    • (1991) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 5586-5591
    • Hasty, P.1    Rivera-Pérez, J.2    Bradley, A.3
  • 21
    • 0026636660 scopus 로고
    • The role and fate of DNA ends for homologous recombination in embryonic stem cell
    • Hasty, P., Rivera-Pérez, J., and Bradley, A. 1992. The role and fate of DNA ends for homologous recombination in embryonic stem cell. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:2464-2474.
    • (1992) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 2464-2474
    • Hasty, P.1    Rivera-Pérez, J.2    Bradley, A.3
  • 22
    • 0012254102 scopus 로고
    • Gene targeting, principles, and practice inmammalian cells
    • In (A.L. Joyner, ed.) Oxford University Press, New York
    • Hasty, P., Abuin, A., and Bradley, A. 1993. Gene targeting, principles, and practice inmammalian cells. In Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach (A.L. Joyner, ed.) pp. 1-35. Oxford University Press, New York.
    • (1993) Gene Targeting: A Practical Approach , pp. 1-35
    • Hasty, P.1    Abuin, A.2    Bradley, A.3
  • 23
    • 0037090881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient recombination in diverse tissues by a tamoxifeninducible form of Cre: Atool for temporally regulated gene activation/inactivation in the mouse
    • Hayashi, S. and McMahon, A.P. 2002. Efficient recombination in diverse tissues by a tamoxifeninducible form of Cre: Atool for temporally regulated gene activation/inactivation in the mouse. Dev. Biol. 244:305-318.
    • (2002) Dev. Biol. , vol.244 , pp. 305-318
    • Hayashi, S.1    McMahon, A.P.2
  • 24
    • 0033027867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene knockouts
    • Iredale, J.P. 1999. Gene knockouts. Mol. Pathol. 52:111-116.
    • (1999) Mol. Pathol. , vol.52 , pp. 111-116
    • Iredale, J.P.1
  • 26
    • 0033671090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cells and gene targeting
    • Ledermann, B. 2000. Embryonic stem cells and gene targeting. Exp. Physiol. 85.6:603-613.
    • (2000) Exp. Physiol. , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 603-613
    • Ledermann, B.1
  • 27
    • 0025293780 scopus 로고
    • Targeted replacement of the homeobox gene Hox-3.1 by the Escherichia coli lacZ in mouse chimeric embryos
    • LeMouellic, H., Lallemand, Y., and Brûlet, P. 1990. Targeted replacement of the homeobox gene Hox-3.1 by the Escherichia coli lacZ in mouse chimeric embryos, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:4712-4716.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.87 , pp. 4712-4716
    • LeMouellic, H.1    Lallemand, Y.2    Brûlet, P.3
  • 28
    • 0021911240 scopus 로고
    • Recombination in mouse L cells between DNA introduced into cells and homologous chromosomal sequences
    • Lin, F.L., Sperle, K., and Sternber, N. 1984. Recombination in mouse L cells between DNA introduced into cells and homologous chromosomal sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82:1391-1395.
    • (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.82 , pp. 1391-1395
    • Lin, F.L.1    Sperle, K.2    Sternber, N.3
  • 29
    • 0043240053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long targeting arms do no increase the efficiency of homologous recombination in the β-globin locus of murine embryonic stem cells
    • Lu, Z.H., Brooks, J.T., Kaufman, R.M., and Ley, T.J. 2003. Long targeting arms do no increase the efficiency of homologous recombination in the β-globin locus of murine embryonic stem cells Blood B:1531-1533.
    • (2003) Blood B , pp. 1531-1533
    • Lu, Z.H.1    Brooks, J.T.2    Kaufman, R.M.3    Ley, T.J.4
  • 30
    • 0004179201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mak, T.W. (ed.) Academic Press, New York
    • Mak, T.W. (ed.) 1998. The Gene Knockout Factsbook. Academic Press, New York.
    • (1998) The Gene Knockout Factsbook
  • 32
    • 0024296027 scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the proto-oncogene int-2 in mouse embryo-derived stem cells: A general strategy for targeting mutations to nonselectable genes
    • Mansour, S.L., Thomas, K.R., and Capecchi, M.R. 1988. Disruption of the proto-oncogene int-2 in mouse embryo-derived stem cells: A general strategy for targeting mutations to nonselectable genes Nature 336:348-352.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.336 , pp. 348-352
    • Mansour, S.L.1    Thomas, K.R.2    Capecchi, M.R.3
  • 33
    • 0001007610 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells
    • Martin, G.R. 1981. Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:7634-7638.
    • (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.78 , pp. 7634-7638
    • Martin, G.R.1
  • 35
    • 0036363732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene-targeting strategies
    • Melton, D.W. 2002. Gene-targeting strategies Methods Mol. Biol. 180:151-173.
    • (2002) Methods Mol. Biol. , vol.180 , pp. 151-173
    • Melton, D.W.1
  • 36
    • 0026317875 scopus 로고
    • Creation of a large genomic deletion at the T-cell antigen receptor β-subunit locus in mouse embryonic stem cells by gene targeting
    • Mombaerts, P., Clarke, A.R., Hooper, M.L., and Tonegawa, S. 1991. Creation of a large genomic deletion at the T-cell antigen receptor β-subunit locus in mouse embryonic stem cells by gene targeting. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:3084-3087.
    • (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.88 , pp. 3084-3087
    • Mombaerts, P.1    Clarke, A.R.2    Hooper, M.L.3    Tonegawa, S.4
  • 37
    • 59649086616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of gene targeting by homologous recombination Curr
    • Mortensen, D. 2006. Overview of gene targeting by homologous recombination Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 76:23.1.1-23.5.12.
    • (2006) Protoc. Mol. Biol. , vol.76
    • Mortensen, D.1
  • 38
    • 1542563409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome
    • Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium
    • Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium. 2002. Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Nature 420:520-562.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 520-562
  • 39
    • 0342449328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten years of gene targeting: Targeted mouse mutants, from vector design to phenotype analysis
    • Müller, U. 1999. Ten years of gene targeting: Targeted mouse mutants, from vector design to phenotype analysis Mech. Dev. 82:3-21.
    • (1999) Mech. Dev. , vol.82 , pp. 3-21
    • Müller, U.1
  • 40
    • 0029993449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Know your neighbors: Three phenotypes in null mutants of the myogenic bHLH gene
    • Olson, E.N., Arnold, H.H., Rigby, P.W., and Wold, B.J. 1996. Know your neighbors: Three phenotypes in null mutants of the myogenic bHLH gene MRF4 Cell 85:1-4.
    • (1996) MRF4 Cell , vol.85 , pp. 1-4
    • Olson, E.N.1    Arnold, H.H.2    Rigby, P.W.3    Wold, B.J.4
  • 41
    • 0030818183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B lymphocyte-specific, Cre-mediated mutagenesis in mice
    • Rickert, R.C., Roes, J., and Rajewsky, K. 1997. B lymphocyte-specific, Cre-mediated mutagenesis in mice. Nucleic Acids Res. 25:1317-1318.
    • (1997) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.25 , pp. 1317-1318
    • Rickert, R.C.1    Roes, J.2    Rajewsky, K.3
  • 43
    • 0004502916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombination and gene targeting inmammalian cells Curr
    • Sargent, R.G. and Wilson, J.H. 1998. Recombination and gene targeting inmammalian cells Curr. Res. Mol. Ther. 1:584-592.
    • (1998) Res. Mol. Ther. , vol.1 , pp. 584-592
    • Sargent, R.G.1    Wilson, J.H.2
  • 44
    • 0027485834 scopus 로고
    • Manipulation of transgenes by sitespecific recombination: Use ofCre recombinase
    • Sauer, B. 1993. Manipulation of transgenes by sitespecific recombination: Use ofCre recombinase. Meth. Enzymol. 225:890-900.
    • (1993) Meth. Enzymol. , vol.225 , pp. 890-900
    • Sauer, B.1
  • 45
    • 0025360095 scopus 로고
    • Targeted insertion of exogenous DNA into the eukaryotic genome by the Cre recombinase
    • Sauer, B. and Henderson, N. 1990. Targeted insertion of exogenous DNA into the eukaryotic genome by the Cre recombinase. New Biol. 2:441-449.
    • (1990) New Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 441-449
    • Sauer, B.1    Henderson, N.2
  • 46
    • 0024041732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site-specific DNA recombination in mammalian cells by the Cre recombinase of bacteriophage
    • Sauer, B. and Henderson, N. 1998. Site-specific DNA recombination in mammalian cells by the Cre recombinase of bacteriophage P1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85:5166-5170.
    • (1998) P1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.85 , pp. 5166-5170
    • Sauer, B.1    Henderson, N.2
  • 47
    • 0024473608 scopus 로고
    • Germ-line transmission of a c-abl mutation produced by targeted gene disruption in ES cells
    • Schwartzberg, P.L., Goff, S.P., and Robertson, E.J. 1989. Germ-line transmission of a c-abl mutation produced by targeted gene disruption in ES cells. Science 246:799-803.
    • (1989) Science , vol.246 , pp. 799-803
    • Schwartzberg, P.L.1    Goff, S.P.2    Robertson, E.J.3
  • 48
    • 84984763417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transgenics on the internet
    • Sikorski, R. and Peters, R. 1997. Transgenics on the internet. Nat. Biotech. 15:289.
    • (1997) Nat. Biotech. , vol.15 , pp. 289
    • Sikorski, R.1    Peters, R.2
  • 49
    • 0022389290 scopus 로고
    • Insertion of DNA sequences into the human chromosomal β-globin locus by homologous recombination
    • Smithies, O.,Gregg, R.G., Boggs, S.S.,Koralewski, M.A., and Kucherlapati, R.S. 1985. Insertion of DNA sequences into the human chromosomal β-globin locus by homologous recombination. Nature 317:230-234.
    • (1985) Nature , vol.317 , pp. 230-234
    • Smithies, O.1    Gregg, R.G.2    Boggs, S.S.3    Koralewski, M.A.4    Kucherlapati, R.S.5
  • 50
    • 0028158627 scopus 로고
    • Use of double-replacement gene targeting to replace the murine a-lactalbumin gene with its human counterpart in embryonic stem cells and mice
    • Stacey, A., Schnieke, A., McWhir, J., Cooper, J., Colman, A., and Melton, D.W. 1994. Use of double-replacement gene targeting to replace the murine a-lactalbumin gene with its human counterpart in embryonic stem cells and mice. Mol. Cell Biol. 14:1009-1016.
    • (1994) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1009-1016
    • Stacey, A.1    Schnieke, A.2    McWhir, J.3    Cooper, J.4    Colman, A.5    Melton, D.W.6
  • 51
    • 0019888362 scopus 로고
    • Bacteriophage P1 site-specific recombination
    • Sternberg, N. and Hamilton, D. 1981. Bacteriophage P1 site-specific recombination. J. Mol. Biol. 150:467-486.
    • (1981) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.150 , pp. 467-486
    • Sternberg, N.1    Hamilton, D.2
  • 52
    • 0026771287 scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient gene targeting in embryonic stem cells through homologous recombination with isogenicDNAconstructs
    • te Riele, H., Maandag, E.R., and Berns, A. 1992. Highly efficient gene targeting in embryonic stem cells through homologous recombination with isogenicDNAconstructs. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:5128-5132.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.89 , pp. 5128-5132
    • te Riele, H.1    Maandag, E.R.2    Berns, A.3
  • 53
    • 0023646810 scopus 로고
    • Sitedirected mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells
    • Thomas, K.R. and Capecchi, M.R. 1987. Sitedirected mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells. Cell 51:503-512.
    • (1987) Cell , vol.51 , pp. 503-512
    • Thomas, K.R.1    Capecchi, M.R.2
  • 54
    • 0022542596 scopus 로고
    • High frequency targeting of genes to specific sites in the mammalian genome
    • Thomas, K.R., Folger, K.R., and Capecchi, M.R. 1986. High frequency targeting of genes to specific sites in the mammalian genome. Cell 44:419-428.
    • (1986) Cell , vol.44 , pp. 419-428
    • Thomas, K.R.1    Folger, K.R.2    Capecchi, M.R.3
  • 56
    • 0025780879 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-able protooncogene
    • Tybulewicz, V.L.J., Crawford, C.E., Jackson, P.K., Bronson, R.T., and Mulligan, R.C. 1991. Neonatal lethality and lymphopenia in mice with a homozygous disruption of the c-able protooncogene. Cell 65:1153-1163.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.65 , pp. 1153-1163
    • Tybulewicz, V.L.J.1    Crawford, C.E.2    Jackson, P.K.3    Bronson, R.T.4    Mulligan, R.C.5
  • 57
    • 0032692949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal, spatial, and cell type-specific control of Cre-mediated DNA recombination in transgenic mice
    • Utomo, A.R.H., Nikitin, A.Y., and Lee, W.H. 1999. Temporal, spatial, and cell type-specific control of Cre-mediated DNA recombination in transgenic mice. Nat. Biotechnol. 17:1091-1096.
    • (1999) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.17 , pp. 1091-1096
    • Utomo, A.R.H.1    Nikitin, A.Y.2    Lee, W.H.3
  • 58
    • 0026100231 scopus 로고
    • Testing an "in-out" targeting procedure for making subtle genomic modifications in mouse embryonic stem cells
    • Vanlancius, V. and Smithies, O. 1991. Testing an "in-out" targeting procedure for making subtle genomic modifications in mouse embryonic stem cells. Mol. Cell Biol. 11:1402-1408.
    • (1991) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 1402-1408
    • Vanlancius, V.1    Smithies, O.2
  • 60
    • 35448950876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A knockout award in medicine
    • Vogel, G. 2007. A knockout award in medicine. Science 318:178-179.
    • (2007) Science , vol.318 , pp. 178-179
    • Vogel, G.1
  • 61
    • 0023356088 scopus 로고
    • Homologous recombination between coinjected DNA sequences peaks in early to mid-S phase
    • Wong, E.A. and Capecchi, M.R. 1987. Homologous recombination between coinjected DNA sequences peaks in early to mid-S phase. Mol. Cell Biol. 7:2294-2295.
    • (1987) Mol. Cell Biol. , vol.7 , pp. 2294-2295
    • Wong, E.A.1    Capecchi, M.R.2
  • 62
    • 0025672645 scopus 로고
    • Homologous recombination at c-fyn locus of mouse embryonic stem cells with use of diphtheria toxin A - Fragment gene in negative selection
    • Yagi, T., Ikawa, Y., Yoshida, K., Shigetani, Y., Takeda, N., Mabuchi, I., Yamamoto, T., and Aizawa, S. 1990. Homologous recombination at c-fyn locus of mouse embryonic stem cells with use of diphtheria toxin A - fragment gene in negative selection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:9918-9992.
    • (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.87 , pp. 9918-9992
    • Yagi, T.1    Ikawa, Y.2    Yoshida, K.3    Shigetani, Y.4    Takeda, N.5    Mabuchi, I.6    Yamamoto, T.7    Aizawa, S.8
  • 63
    • 0037267313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knockouts model the 100 best-selling drugs - Will they model the next 100?
    • Zambrowicz, B.P. and Sands, A.T. 2003. Knockouts model the 100 best-selling drugs - will they model the next 100? Nat. Rev. 2:38-51.
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. , vol.2 , pp. 38-51
    • Zambrowicz, B.P.1    Sands, A.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.