Bending the bars of empire from every ghetto for survival: The black panther party's radical antihunger politics of social reproduction and scale

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

Volumn 99, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 406-422

  Heynen, Nik ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Black Panther Party; Geographic scale; School breakfast program; Social reproduction

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN AMERICAN; HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY; INNER CITY AREA; PARTY POLITICS; POLITICAL HISTORY; SOCIAL MOVEMENT; STATE ROLE;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 69949180773     PISSN: 00045608     EISSN: 14678306     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00045600802683767     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Abu-Jamal, M. 2004. We want freedom: A life in the Black Panther Party. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.
2. Anderson, B. 1991. Imagined communities: Reflections on the origins and spread of nationalism. London: Verso.
3. Barnes, T., and J. Duncan 1993. Languages of landscape: Text, metaphor and discourse. London and New York: Routledge.
4. Benjamin, W. 1986. On the mimetic faculty reflections. New York: Schocken Books.
5. Bloch, E. 1986. The principle of hope. Vol 1. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
6. Brown, E. 1992. A taste of power: A black woman's story. New York: Pantheon.
7. Carby, H. V. 1999. Cultures in Babylon: Black Britain and African America. London: Verso.
8. Churchill, W., and J. Vander Wall. 1990. The COINTEL- PRO papers: Documents from the FBI's secret war against dissent in the United States. Boston: South End Press.
9. Cleaver, E. n.d. Community imperialism. Black Panther Party Political Education #1. Mimeographed essay. Wisconsin Historical Society Archives. Social action vertical file, WIHVS3310-A, Mss 577, Box 5.
10. Cleaver, E. 2006. On meeting the needs of the people. In Target zero, ed. K. Cleaver, 212-17. Hampshire, UK: Palgrave.
11. Cleaver, K. N. 1997. Racism, civil rights, and feminism. In Critical race feminism: A reader, ed. A. K. Wing, 35-43. New York: New York University Press.
12. Cleaver, K., and G. Katsiaficas. 2001. Liberation, imagination and the Black Panther Party: A new look at the Panthers and their legacy. London and New York: Routledge.
13. Clemons, M. L., and C. E. Jones. 2001. Global solidarity: The Black Panther Party in the international area. In Liberation, imagination and the Black Panther Party: A new look at the Panthers and their legacy, ed. K. Cleaver and G. Katsiaficas, 20-39. London and New York: Routledge.
14. Davis, A. 1989. Women, culture, and politics. New York: Random House.
15. Engels, F. 1881. A fair day's wages for a fair day's work, Labour Standard No. 1, May 7. http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1881/05/07.htm (last accessed 4 June 2004).
16. Foucault, M. 1978. The history of sexuality. Vol. I: An introduction. New York: Pantheon.
17. Gandy, M. 2002. Concrete and clay: Reworking nature in New York City. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
18. Gilmore, R. W. 2002. Fatal couplings of power: Notes on racism and geography. The Professional Geographer 54:15-24.
19. Hampton, F. 1969/1995. You can murder a liberator, but you can't murder liberation. In The Black Panthers speak, ed. P. S. Foner, 138-44. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press.
20. Harvey, D. 1996. Justice, nature and the geography of difference. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
21. Herbert, S. 2005. The trapdoor of community. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 95:850-65.
22. Heynen, N. 2006a. "But it's alright, Ma, it's life, and life only": Radicalism as survival. Antipode: A Radical Journal of Geography 38: 916-29.
23. Heynen, N. 2006b. Justice of eating in the city: The political ecology of urban hunger. In In the nature of cities: Urban political ecology and the politics of urban metabolism, ed. N. Heynen, M. Kaika, and E. Swyngedouw,127-42.London and New York: Routledge.
24. Heynen, N. 2008. Bringing the body back to life through a radical geography of hunger: The Haymarket Affair and its aftermath. ACME: An International E-Journal for Critical Geographers 7:32-44.
25. Heynen, N., M. Kaika, and E. Swyngedouw. 2006. In the nature of cities: Urban political ecology and the politics of urban metabolism. London and New York: Routledge.
26. Hilliard, D., and L. Cole. 1993. This side of glory: The autobiography of David Hilliard and the story of the Black Panther Party. Boston: Little, Brown.
27. Hilliard, D., and D. Weise. 2002. The Huey P. Newton reader. New York: Seven Stories Press.
28. Hilliard, D., K. Zimmerman, and K. Zimmerman.2006.Huey: Spirit of the panther. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press.
29. hooks, b. 1989. Feminist theory: From margin to center. Boston: South End Press.
30. hooks, b. 1990. Yearning: Race, gender, and cultural politics. Boston: South End Press.
31. James, J. 1999. Resisting state violence: Radicalism, gender, and race in U.S. culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
32. Jeffries, J. L. 2002. Huey P. Newton: The radical theorist. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
33. Jonas, A. 1994. The scale politics of spatiality. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12:257-64.
34. Jones, C. E. 1998. The Black Panther Party (reconsidered). Baltimore: Black Classic Press.
35. Jones, C. E., and J. Jefferies. 1998. "Don't believe the hype": Debunking the panther mythology. In The Black Panther Party (reconsidered), ed. C. E. Jones, 25-56. Baltimore: Black Classic Press.
36. Katz, C. 2001. Vagabond capitalism and the necessity of social reproduction. Antipode 34:709-28.
37. Katz, C. 2004. Growing up global: Economic restructuring and children's everyday lives. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
38. Keil, R. 2003. Urban political ecology. Urban Geography 24:723-38.
39. Keil, R., and J. Graham. 1998. Reasserting nature: Constructing urban environments after Fordism. In Remaking reality-Nature at the millenium, ed. B. Braun and N. Castree, 100-125. London and New York: Routledge.
40. Kobayashi, A., and L. Peake. 2000. Racism out of place: Thoughts on whiteness and an anti-racist geography in the new millennium. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90:392-403.
41. Kropotkin, P. 1995. The conquest of bread and other writings. Cambridge, UK: University of Cambridge Press.
42. Lazerow, J., and Y. Williams. 2006. In search of the Black Panther Party: New perspectives on a revolutionary movement. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
43. Lefebvre, H. 1991a. Critique of everyday life. Vol. 1. London: Verso.
44. Lefebvre, H. 1991b. The production of space. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
45. Leick, G. 2002. The Babylonians: An introduction. London and New York: Routledge.
46. Marx, K. 1844/1964. Economic and philosophic manuscripts of 1844. New York: International Publishers.
47. Mitchell, K., S. Marston, and C. Katz. 2004. Life's work: Geographies of social reproduction. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
48. Morris, J. T. 2007. Statement to the U.S. Senate Agriculture Appropriations Subcommittee.World Food Program: Hearing on the Value of Food Aid. 15 March 2007.
49. Naples, N. 1998. Grassroots warriors: Activist mothering, community work, and the war on poverty. London and New York: Routledge.
50. Newton, H. P. 1972. To die for the people. New York: Random House.
51. Newton, H. P. 1973. Revolutionary suicide. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
52. Newton, H. P. 2002. Speech delivered at Boston College, 18 November 1970. In The Huey P. Newton reader, ed. D Hilliard and D Weise, 160-75. New York: Seven Stories Press.
53. Peake, L., and A. Kobayashi. 2002. Policies and practices for anti-racist geography at the millennium. The Professional Geographer 54:50-61.
54. Pearson, H. 1994. The shadow of the Panther: Huey Newton and the price of black power in America. New York: Da Capo Press.
55. Pulido, L. 2000. Rethinking environmental racism: White privilege and urban development in Southern California. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90:12- 40.
56. Pulido, L. 2002. Reflections on a white discipline. The Professional Geographer 54:42-49.
57. Pulido, L 2006. Black, brown, yellow and left: Radical activism in Los Angeles. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
58. Rose, H.1971. The black ghetto:A spatial behavioral perspective. New York: McGraw-Hill.
59. Sanders, R. 1991. Integrating race and ethnicity into geographic gender studies. The Professional Geographer 42:228-31.
60. Seale, B. 1978. A lonely rage: The autobiography of Bobby Seale. New York: Times Books.
61. Seale, B. 1991. Seize the time: The story of the Black Panther Party and Huey P. Newton. Baltimore: Black Classic Press.
62. Self, R. 2003. American Babylon: Race and the struggle for postwar Oakland. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
63. Serving the people. 1969. The Black Panther 6 April: 14.
64. Shakur, A. 1987. Assata, an autobiography. Westport, CT: L. Hill.
65. Sheehy, G. 1971. Panthermania: The clash of black against black in one American city. New York: Harper & Row.
66. Smith, N. 1990. Uneven development: Nature, capital and the production of space. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
67. Smith, N. 1993. Homeless/global: Scaling places. In Mapping the futures: Local cultures, global change, ed. J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson, and L. Tickner, 87-119. London and New York: Routledge.
68. Smith, N. 2005. Towards a political economy of scale. Paper presented at Studies in Political Economy annual conference, Toronto.
69. Smith, N., and C. Katz. 1993. Grounding metaphor: Towards a spatialized politics. In Place and the politics of identity, ed. M. Keith and S. Pile, 67-83. London and New York: Routledge.
70. Sugrue, T. J. 1996. The origins of the urban crisis: Race and inequality in postwar Detroit. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
71. Swyngedouw, E. 1996. The city as a hybrid: On nature, society and cyborg urbanization. Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 7:65-80.
72. Swyngedouw, E. 1997a. Neither global nor local: "Glocalization" and the politics of scale. In Spaces of globalization: Reasserting the power of the local, ed. K. Cox, 137-66. New York: Guilford/Longman.
73. Swyngedouw, E. 1997b. Power, nature and the city: The conquest of water and the political ecology of urbanization in Guayaquil, Ecuador: 1880-1980. Environment and Planning A 29:311-32.
74. Swyngedouw, E. 1999. Modernity and hybridity: The production of nature, water, modernization in Spain. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 89:443-65.
75. Swyngedouw, E. 2004. Social power and the urbanization of water: Flows of power. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
76. Swyngedouw, E., and N. C. Heynen. 2003. Urban political ecology, justice and the politics of scale. Antipode: A Journal of Radical Geography 35:898-918.
77. Swyngedouw, E., and M. Kaika. 1997. The environment of the city or... the urbanisation of nature. In Companion to urban studies, ed. G Bridge and S. Watson, 123-45. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
78. Swyngedouw, E., M. Kaika, and E. Castro. 2002. Urban water: A political-ecology perspective. Built Environment 28:124-37.
79. Tyner, J. 2006. Defend the ghetto: Space and the urban politics of the Black Panther Party. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 96:105-18.
80. Van DeBurg, W. L. 1992. New day in Babylon: The black power movement and American culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
81. Watts, M. 1983. Silent violence: Food, famine, and peasantry in northern Nigeria. Berkeley: University of California Press.
82. Watts, M. 1991. Entitlements or empowerment? Famine and starvation in Africa. Review of African Political Economy 51:9-26.
83. Watts, M., and H. Bohle. 1993. The space of vulnerability: The causal structure of hunger and famine. Progress in Human Geography 17:43-67.
84. Williams, L. 1970. The Black Panther: Mirror of the people. The Black Panther 17 January:9-11.
85. Williams, R. 1961. The long revolution. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press.
86. Woods, C. 1998. Development arrested: Race, power and the blues in the Mississippi Delta. London: Verso.