The relationship between mental toughness and affect intensity

Personality and Individual Differences

Volumn 47, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 959-963

  Crust, Lee ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Emotional control; Emotional reactivity; Resilience

Indexed keywords

EID: 69849114174     PISSN: 01918869     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.07.023     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Bull S., Shambrook C., James W., and Brooks J. Towards an understanding of mental toughness in elite English cricketers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 17 (2005) 209-227
2. Clough P.J., Earle K., and Sewell D. Mental toughness: The concept and its measurement. In: Cockerill I. (Ed). Solutions in sport psychology (2002), Thomson Publishing, London 32-43
3. Cooper C., and McConville C. Affect intensity: Factor or artefact?. Personality and Individual Differences 14 (1993) 135-143
4. Cronbach L. Coefficient alpha and internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 16 (1951) 297-334
5. Crust L. Mental toughness in sport: A review. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 5 3 (2007) 270-290
6. Crust L. A review and conceptual re-examination of mental toughness: Implications for future researchers. Personality and Individual Differences 45 7 (2008) 576-583
7. Crust, L., & Azadi, K. (in press). Mental toughness and athletes' use of psychological strategies. European Journal of Sport Science.
8. Crust L., and Clough P.J. Relationship between mental toughness and physical endurance. Perceptual and Motor Skills 100 (2005) 192-194
9. Crust, L., Nesti, M., & Bond, K. (2008). Mental toughness and coping in an ultra-endurance event. Paper presented at the inaugural conference of the British Psychological Society Division of Sport and Exercise Psychology, London, England. December 11-12, 2008.
10. Fredrickson B.L. What good are positive emotions?. Review of General Psychology 2 (1998) 300-319
11. Golby J., and Sheard M. The relationship between genotype and positive psychological development in national-level swimmers. European Psychologist 11 2 (2006) 143-148
12. Gucciardi D., Gordon S., and Dimmock J. Towards an understanding of mental toughness in Australian football. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 20 (2008) 261-281
13. Hanton S., Neil R., and Mellalieu S. Recent developments in competitive anxiety direction and completion stress research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 1 1 (2008) 45-57
14. Horsburgh V., Schermer J., Veselka L., and Vernon P. A behavioural genetic study of mental toughness and personality. Personality and Individual Differences 46 2 (2009) 100-105
15. Jones G., Hanton S., and Connaughton D. What is this thing called mental toughness? An investigation of elite sport performers. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 14 (2002) 205-218
16. Jones G., Hanton S., and Connaughton D. A framework of mental toughness in the world's best performers. The Sport Psychologist 21 (2007) 243-264
17. Larsen, R. J. (1984). Theory and measurement of affect intensity as an individual difference characteristic. Dissertation Abstracts International, 5, 2297B. (University microfilms No. 84-22112).
18. Larsen R.J., Diener E., and Cropanzano R. Cognitive operations associated with individual differences in affect intensity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 53 (1987) 767-774
19. Larsen R.J., Diener E., and Emmons R.A. Affect intensity and reactions to daily life events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 (1986) 803-814
20. Levy A.R., Polman R.C.J., Clough P.J., Marchant D.C., and Earle K. Mental toughness as a determinant of beliefs, pain, and adherence in sport injury rehabilitation. Journal of Sports Rehabilitation 15 (2006) 246-254
21. Loehr J.E. The new mental toughness training for sports (1995), Plume, New York
22. Nicholls A.R., Polman R.C., Levy A.R., and Backhouse S.H. Mental toughness, optimism, and coping among athletes. Personality and Individual Differences 44 (2008) 1182-1192
23. Schimmack U., and Diener E. Affect intensity: Separating intensity and frequency in repeatedly measured affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1997) 1313-1329
24. Sheard M., and Golby J. Effect of psychological skills training program on swimming performance and positive psychological development. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2 (2006) 7-24
25. Thomas P., Murphy S., and Hardy L. Test of performance strategies: Development and preliminary validation of a comprehensive measure of athletes' psychological skills. Journal of Sports Sciences 17 (1999) 697-711
26. Tugade M., Fredrickson B., and Feldman-Barrett L. Psychological resilience and positive emotional granularity: Examining the benefits of positive emotions on coping and health. Journal of Personality 72 6 (2004) 1161-1190