Tectonic evolution of the South Tianshan orogen and adjacent regions, NW China: Geochemical and age constraints of granitoid rocks

International Journal of Earth Sciences

Volumn 98, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1221-1238

  Gao, Jun ^a   Long, Lingli ^b   Klemd, Reiner ^c   Qian, Qing ^a   Liu, Dunyi ^d   Xiong, Xianming ^e   Su, Wen ^a   Liu, Wei ^a   Wang, Yitian ^d   Yang, Fuqun ^d  

^a INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

^b BEIJING INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY FOR MINERAL RESOURCES   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^d INSTITUTE OF MINERAL RESOURCES   (China)

^e GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Granitoids; SHRIMP and LA ICP MS zircon geochronology; South Tianshan; Tectonic evolution

Indexed keywords

CALC ALKALINE ROCK; CONFERENCE PROCEEDING; CONTINENTAL ARC; ECLOGITE; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GRANITOID; IGNEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; MAGMATISM; SHRIMP DATING; SUBDUCTION; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; TRACE ELEMENT; ZIRCON;

ASIA; EURASIA; TIEN SHAN;

EID: 69849102271     PISSN: 14373254     EISSN: 14373262     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00531-008-0370-8     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (144)

1. Ai YL, Zhang LF, Li XP, Qu JF (2005) The geochemistry characters of the HP-UHP eclogites and blueschist and its tectonic significance, Southwestern Tianshan, Xinjiang. Prog Nat Sci 15:1346-1356
2. Allen MB, Windley BF, Zhang C (1992) Palaeozoic collisional tectonics and magmatism of the Chinese Tien Shan, central Asia. Tectonophysics 220:89-115. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(93)90225-9
3. Bazhenov ML, Collins AQ, Degtyarev KE, Levashova NM, Mikolaichuk AV, Pavlov VE et al (2003) Paleozoic northward drift of the North Tien Shan (Central Asia) as revealed by Ordovician and Carboniferous paleomagnetism. Tectonophysics 366:113-141. doi: 10.1016/ S0040-1951(03)00075-1
4. Black LP, Kamo SL, Allen CM, Aleinikoff JN, Davis DW, Korsch RJ et al (2003) TEMORA 1: A new zircon standard for Phanerozoic U-Pb geochronology. Chem Geol 200:155-170. doi: 10.1016/S0009-2541(03)00165-7
5. Brookfield ME (2000) Geological development and Phanerozoic crustal accretion in the western segment of the southern Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tagikistan). Tectonophysics 328:1-14. doi: 10.1016/ S0040-1951(00)00175-X
6. Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (BGMXJ) (1993) Regional geology of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp 390-566 (in Chinese with English abstract)
7. Burtman VS (1975) Structural geology of the Variscan Tien Shan, USSR. Am J Sci 272A:157-186
8. Carroll AR, Graham SA, Hendrix MS, Ying D, Zhou D (1995) Late Paleozoic tectonic amalgamation of northwestern China: Sedimentary record of the north Tarim, northwestern Turpan and southern Junggar basins. Geol Soc Am Bull 107:571-594. doi:10.1130/ 0016-7606(1995)107<0571:LPTAON>2.3.CO;2
9. Chappell BW, White AJR (1992) I- and S-type granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Trans R Soc Edinb Earth Sci 83:1-26
10. Charvet J, Shu LS, Laurent-Charvet S (2007) Paleozoic structural and geodynamic evolution of eastern Tianshan (NW China): Welding of the Tarim amd Junggar plates. Episodes 30:162-186
11. Che ZC, Liu HF, Liu L (1994) Formation and evolution of the middle Tianshan orogenic belt. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1-135 (in Chinese with English abstract)
12. Chen B, Jahn BM (2004) Genesis of post-collisional granitoids and basement nature of the Junggar Terrane, NW China: Nd-Sr isotope and trace element evidence. J Asian Earth Sci 23:691-703. doi: 10.1016/ S1367-9120(03)00118-4
13. Chen C, Lu F, Jia D, Cai D, Wu S (1999a) Closing history of the southern Tianshan oceanic basin, Western China: An oblique collisional orogeny. Tectonophysics 302:23-40. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(98)00273-X
14. Chen YB, Hu AQ, Zhang GX (1999b) Zircon U-Pb age and Nd-Sr isotopic composition of granitic gneiss and its geological implications from Precambrian tectonic window of western Tianshan, NW China. Geochemica 28(6):515-520 (in Chinese with English abstract)
15. Chen YB, Hu AQ, Zhang GX (2000a) Precambrian basement age and characteristics of Southwestern Tianshan: Zircon U-Pb geochronology and Nd-Sr isotopic compositions. Acta Petrol Sin 16(1):91-98 (in Chinese with English abstract)
16. Chen YB, Hu AQ, Zhang GX, Zhang QF (2000b) Zircon U-Pb age of granitic gneiss on Duku highway in western Tianshan of China and its geological implications. Chin Sci Bull 45(7):649-653. doi: 10.1007/BF02886044
17. Coleman RG (1989) Continental growth of northwest China. Tectonics 8:621-635. doi: 10.1029/TC008i003p00621
18. Dobretsov NL, Coleman RG, Liou G, Maruyama S (1987) Blueschist belts in Asia and possible periodicity of blueschist facies metamorphism. Ofioliti 12:445-456
19. Gao J, Klemd R (2001) Primary fluids entrapped at blueschist to eclogite transition: Evidence from the Tianshan meta-subduction complex in northwestern China. Contrib Mineral Petrol 142:1-14
20. Gao J, Klemd R (2003) Formation of HP-LT rocks and their tectonic implications in the western Tianshan Orogen, NW China: Geochemical and age constraints. Lithos 66:1-22. doi: 10.1016/S0024-4937(02)00153-6
21. Gao J, Xiao XC, Tang YQ, Zhao M, Wang J, Wu HQ (1993) The discovery of blueschist in Kumux of the South Tianshan Mountains and its tectonic significance. Reg Geol China (4):344-347 (in Chinese with English abstract)
22. Gao J, He G, Li M, Tang Y, Xiao X, Zhou M et al (1995) The mineralogy, petrology, metamorphic PTDt trajectory and exhumation mechanism of blueschists, South Tianshan, northwestern China. Tectonophysics 250:151-168. doi: 10.1016/0040-1951(95)00026-6
23. Gao J, Li M, Xiao X, Tang Y, He G (1998) Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tianshan orogen, northwestern China. Tectonophysics 287:213-231. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00211-4
24. Gao J, Klemd R, Zhang L, Wang Z, Xiao X (1999) P-T path of high pressure-low temperature rocks and tectonic implications in the western Tianshan Mountains (NW China). J Metamorph Geol 17:621-636. doi: 10.1046/ j.1525-1314.1999.00219.x
25. 39Ar age record of formation and uplift of the blueschists and eclogites in the western Tianshan Mountains. Chin Sci Bull 45:1047-1052. doi: 10.1007/ BF02884989
26. Gao J, Xiao W, Li J, Han B, Guo Z, Wang J (2002) 'Central-Asia type' Orogenesis and Metallogenesis in western China. IGCP 420 Project workshop (abstract), Changchun, China, August 5-14, p 39
27. Gao J, Long LL, Qian Q, Huang DZ, Su W, Klemd R (2006) South Tianshan: A late Paleozoic or a Triassic Orogen. Acta Petrol Sin 22(5):1049-1061 (in Chinese with English abstract)
28. Gao J, Klemd R, John T, Xiong X (2007) Mobilisation of Ti-Nb-Ta during subduction: Evidence from rutile-bearing segregations and veins hosted in eclogites, Tianshan, NW China. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:4974-4996. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2007.07.027
29. Ges MD, Garetskaya EN, Izraileva RM, Leskov SA (1982) Permian intrusive rocks. In: Osmonbetov KO, Knauf VI, Korolev VG (eds) Stratified and Intrusive Formations of Kyrgyzia. Ilim Press, Frunze, pp 128-181 (in Russian)
30. Guo ZJ, Ma RS, Guo LZ, Shi YS (1993) A comparative study on three ophiolitic melange belts in eastern Xinjiang. Geol Rev 39(3):236-247 (in Chinese with English abstract)
31. Han B, Wang S, Jahn BM, Hong D, Kagami H, Sun Y (1997) Depleted-mantle source for the Ulungur River A-Type granites from North Xinjiang, Chian: geochemistry and Nd-Sr isotopic evidence, and implications for Phanerozoic crustal growth. Chem Geol 138:135-159. doi: 10.1016/ S0009-2541(97)00003-X
32. Han BF, He GQ, Wu TR, Li HM (2004) Zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical features of early Paleozoic granites from Tianshan, Xinjiang: implications for tectonic evolution. Xinjiang Geol 22(1):4-11 (in Chinese with English abstract)
33. He GQ, Li MS (2000) New achievement in researching ophiolitic belts in central Asia and its significance in the links of tectonic belts between northern Xinjiang and adjacent area. Xinjiang Geol 18:193-202 (in Chinese with English abstract)
34. He GQ, Li MS, Han BF (2001) Geotectonic research of southwest Tianshan and its west adjacent area, China. Xinjiang Geol 19(1):7-11 (in Chinese with English abstract)
35. Hendrix MS, Dumitru TA, Graham SA (1994) Late Oligocene-early Miocene unroofing in the Chinese Tian Shan: An early effect of the India-Asia collision. Geology 22:487-490. doi:10.1130/ 0091-7613(1994)022<0487:LOEMUI>2.3.CO;2
36. Heubeck C (2001) Assembly of central Asia during the middle and late Paleozoic. In: Hendrix MS, Davis GA (eds) Paleozoic and Mesozoic tectonic evolution of central Asia: From continental assembly to intracontinental deformation. Geological Society of America Memoir 194. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp 1-22
37. Hopson C, Wen J, Tilton G, Tang Y, Zhu B, Zhao M (1989) Paleozoic plutonism in East Junggar, Bogdashan, and eastern Tianshan, NW China. Eos Trans AGU 70:1403-1404
38. Huang TK, Ren JS, Jiang CF, Zhang ZM, Qian DY (1987) Geotectonic evolution of China. Springer, New York, p 203
39. Institute of Geology of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (IGCAGS) (2006) 1:2,500,000 Geological Map of the Western China and adjacent regions. Geological Publishing House, Beijing (in Chinese)
40. Jahn BM (2004) Phanerozoic continental growth in Central Asia. J Asian Earth Sci 23:599-603. doi: 10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00124-X
41. Jahn BM, Griffin WL, Windley BF (2000a) Continental growth in the Phanerozoic: Evidence from Central Asia. TIctonophysics 328:vii-x. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00174-8
42. Jahn BM, Wu F, Chen B (2000b) Granitoids of the Central Asian orogenic belt and continental growth in the Phanerozoic. Trans R Soc Edinb Earth Sci 91:181-193
43. Jiang CY, Mu YM, Bai KY (1999) Chronology, petrology, geochemistry and tectonic environment in the southern Tianshan Mountain, western China. Acta Petrol Sin 15(2):298-308 (in Chinese with English abstract)
44. John T, Klemd R, Gao J, Garbe-Schönberg CD (2008) Trace element mobilization in slabs due to non steady-state fluid-rock interaction: constraints from an eclogite-facies transport vein in blueschist (Tianshan, China). Lithos 103:1-24. doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2007.09.005
45. Jong KD, Wang B, Faure M, Shu L, Cluzel D, Charvet J, et al (2008) New 40Ar/39Ar age constraints on the Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the western Tianshan (Xinjiang, northwestern China), with emphasis on Permian fluid ingress. Int J Earth Sci (this issue)
46. Khain VE (1985) Geology of USSR. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, pp 1-272
47. Kiselev VV (1999) The U-Pb (by zircons) geochronology of magmatic suits of the Northern Tien Shan. In: Bakirov AB, Dikikl AN (eds) Problems of geology and geography in Kyrgystan (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic). Ilim, Bishkek, pp 21-33 (in Russian)
48. Klemd R (2003) Ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism in eclogites from the western Tianshan high-pressure belt (Xinjiang, western China) - comment. Am Mineral 88:1153-1156
49. Klemd R, Schröter FC, Will TM, Gao J (2002) PT-evolution of glaucophane-omphacite bearing HP-LT rocks in the western Tianshan orogen, NW China: New evidence for 'Alpine-type' tectonics. J Metamorph Geol 20:239-254. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2002.00347.x
50. Klemd R, Bröcker M, Hacker BR, Gao J, Gans P, Wemmer K (2005) New age constraints on the metamorphic evolution of the high-pressure/ low-temperature belt in the western Tianshan Mountains, NW China. J Geol 113:157-168. doi: 10.1086/427666
51. Konopelko D, Biske G, Seltmann R, Eklun O, Belyatsky B (2007) Hercynian post-collisional A-type granites of the Kokshaal Range, Southern Tien Shan. Lithos 97:140-160. doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2006.12.005
52. Konopelko D, Biske G, Seltmann R, Kiseleva M, Matukov D, Sergeev S (2008) Deciphering Caledonian events: Timing and geochemistry of the Caledonian magmatic arc in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan. J Asian Earth Sci 32:131-141
53. Kröner A, Windley BF, Badarch G, Tomurtogoo O, Hegner E, Jahn BM, et al (2007) Accretionary growth and crust formation in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and comparison with the Arabian-Nubian shield. In: Hatcher RD, Carlson MP, McBride JH, Martínez Catalán JR (eds) 4-D framework of continental crust. Geological Society of America Memoir 200. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp 181-209
54. Kröner A, Hegner E, Lehmann B, Heinhorst J, Wingate MTD, Liu DY, Ermelov P (2008) Palaeozoic arc magmatism in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt of Kazakhstan: SHRIMP zircon ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic systematic. J Asian Earth Sci 32:118-130
55. Laurent-Charvet S, Charvet J, Shu LS, Ma RS, Lu HF (2002) Paleozoic late collisional strike-slip deformations in Tianshan and Altay, Eastern Xinjinag, NW China. Terra Nova 14:249-256. doi: 10.1046/ j.1365-3121.2002.00417.x
56. Laurent-Charvet S, Charvet J, Monie' P, Shu LS (2003) Late Paleozoic strike-slip shear zones in eastern central Asia (NW China): New structural and geochronological data. Tectonics 22:1099-1101. doi: 10.1029/2001TC901047
57. Li XD, Li MS (1997) Tectonic correlation between the western Chinese Tianshan and its western adjacent area. Geol Rev 42:107-115 (in Chinese with English abstract)
58. Li CY, Wang Q, Liu XY, Tang YQ (1982) 1:8, 000, 000 tectonic map of Asia. Cartographic Publisher House, Beijing
59. Li YJ, Wang ZM, Wu HR, Huang ZB, Tan ZJ, Luo JC (2002) Discovery of Radiolarian fossils from the Aketik group at the western end of South Tianshan Mountains of China and its implications. Acta Geol Sin 76(2):146-154
60. Li YJ, Sun LD, Wu HR, Wang GL, Yang CS, Peng GX (2005a) Permo-Carboniferous radiolarian from the Wupatarkan Group, west terminal of Chinese South Tianshan. Sci Geol Sin 40(2):220-226 (in Chinese with English abstract)
61. Li XP, Zhang LF, Ai YL, Qu JF, Song B, Liu XM (2005b) Zircons from the rodingite of serpentinite complex, Western Tianshan: Mineral chemistry and U-Pb ages. Abstract presented at the 2005 national petrological and geodynamic conference, Hangzhou, November 14-20, p 397
62. Li JY, He GQ, Xu X, Li HQ, Sun GH, Yang TN et al (2006) Crustal tectonic framework of northern Tianshan and adjacent regions and its formation. Acta Geol Sin 80(1):149-168 (in Chinese with English abstract)
63. Li XP, Zhang LF, Wei V, Ai Y, Chen J (2007) Petrology of rodingite derived from eclogite in western Tianshan, China. J Metamorph Geol 25:363-382. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1314.2007.00700.x
64. Li XG, Liu SW, Wang ZQ, Han BF, Shu GM, Wang T (2008) Electron microprobe monazite geochronological constraints on the Late Palaeozoic tectonothermal evolution in the Chinese Tianshan. J Geol Soc London 165:511-522. doi: 10.1144/0016-76492007-077
65. Liao Ning Institute of Geological Survey (LNIGS) (2005) Geological map of the Akesu region, scale 1:50000, Explanation. Urimqi, pp 1-175 (in Chinese)
66. Lin W, Enami M (2006) Prograde pressure-temperature path of jadeite-bearing eclogites and associated high-pressure/low-temperature rocks from western Tianshan, northwest China. Isl Arc 15:483-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1738.2006.00545.x
67. Liu Y (2001) Early Carbonferous Radiolarian Fauna from Heiyingshan, south of the Tianshan Mountains and its geotectonic significance. Acta Geol Sin 75(1):101-108
68. Liu B, Qian YX (2003) The geologic characteristics and fluid evolution in the three high-pressure metamorphic belts of eastern Tianshan. Acta Petrol Sin 19(2):283-292 (in Chinese with English abstract)
69. Liu Y, Hao SG (2006) Evolutionary significance of Pylentonemid Radiolarians and their Late Devonian species from southwestern Tianshan, China. Acta Geol Sin 80(5):647-655
70. Liu YM, Yang WH, Gai JY (1994) Study on isotopic age of Dahalajunshan formation in Tekesi forestry of Xinjing. Geochimica 23:99-104
71. Liu CX, Xu BL, Zhou TR (2004) Petrochemistry and tectonic significance of Hercynian alkaline rocks along the northern margin of the Tarim platform and its adjacent area. Xinjiang Geol 22(1):43-49 (in Chinese with English abstract)
72. Lomize MG, Demina LI, Zarshchicov AV (1997) The Kyrgyz-Terskei paleoceanic basin in the Tien Shan. Geotectonics 31(6):463-482 (in Russian with English abstract)
73. Long LL (2007) Paleozoic tectonic evolution and continental growth of the West Tianshan Orogen: Evidence from granitoids and ophiolites. Doctoral dissertation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, pp 1-163 (in Chinese with English abstract)
74. Long LL, Gao J, Xiong XM, Qian Q (2006) The geochemical characteristics and the age of the Kule Lake ophiolite in the southern Tianshan. Acta Petrol Sin 22(1):65-73 (in Chinese with English abstract)
75. Long LL, Gao J, Qian Q, Xiong XM, Wang JB, Wang YW et al (2008) Geochemistry and SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb age of post-collisional granites in the Southwest Tianshan Orogenic Belt of China: Examples from the Heiyingshan and Laohutai plutons. Acta Geol Sin 82(2):415-424
76. Lu HF, Jia CZ, Jia D (2001) Features of the thrust wedge of deformation belt in Kuqa rejuvenation foreland basin. Geol J China Univ 7(3):257-271 (in Chinese with English abstract)
77. Ludwig KR (1991) Isoplot: A plotting and regression program for radiogenic-isotope data, version 2.0. US Geological Survey open-file report, p 39
78. Ma RS, Wang CY, Ye SF (1993) Tectonic framework and crustal evolutional of Eastern Tianshan mountains. Publishing House of Nanjing University, Nanjing, pp 1-225 (in Chinese with English abstract)
79. Ma RS, Shu LS, Sun JQ (1997) Tectonic evolution and metallogeny of Eastern Tianshan mountains. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1-202 (in Chinese with English abstract)
80. Maniar PD, Piccoli PM (1989) Tectonic discrimination of granitoids. Geol Soc Am Bull 101:635-643. doi:10.1130/ 0016-7606(1989)101<0635:TDOG>2.3.CO;2
81. Mao JW, Konopelko D, Seltmann R, Lehmann B, Chen W, Wang YT et al (2004) Postcollisional age of the Kumtor gold deposit and timing of Hercynian events in the Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan. Econ Geol 99:1771-1780. doi: 10.2113/99.8.1771
82. Middlemost EAK (1994) Naming materials in the magma/igneous rocks system. Earth Sci Rev 37:215-224. doi: 10.1016/0012-8252(94)90029-9
83. Mikolaichuk AV, Kotov VV, Kuzikov SI (1995) The structural position of the Malyi Naryn metamorphic complex and boundary between the North and Middle Tien Shan. Geotectonics 29(2):157-166
84. Mikolaichuk AV, Kurenkov SA, Degtyarev KE, Rubtsov VI (1997) Main stages of geodynamic evolution of the North Tien Shan in the late Precambian and early Paleozoic. Geotectonics 31(6):16-34
85. Milanovsky EE (1996) Geology of Russia and adjacent domain. Publishing House of MGU, Moscow, pp 1-445 (in Russian)
86. Nakajima T, Maruyama S, Uchiumi S, Liou JG, Wang XZ, Xiao XC et al (1990) Evidence for Late Proterozoic subduction from 700-Myr-old blueschists in China. Nature 346:263-265. doi: 10.1038/346263a0
87. Pearce JA, Harris NBW, Tindle AG (1984) Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. J Petrol 25:956-983
88. Peccerillo R, Taylor SR (1976) Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, northern Turkey. Contrib Mineral Petrol 58:63-81. doi: 10.1007/BF00384745
89. Qian Q, Gao J, Xiong XM, Huang DZ, Long LL (2006) Petrogenesis and tectonic settings of Carboniferous volcanic rocks from north Zhaosu, western Tianshan Mountains: Constraints from petrology and geochemistry. Acta Petrol Sin 22:1307-1323 (in Chinese with English abstract)
90. Qian Q, Gao J, Klemd R, He G, Xiong XM, Long LL, et al (2008) Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Chinese South Tianshan Orogen: constraints from SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry of basaltic and dioritic rocks from Xiate, NW China. Int J Earth Sci (in press). doi: 10.1007/s00531-007-0268-x
91. Sajona FG, Maury RC, Bellon H, Votten J, Defant M (1996) High field strength element enrichment of Pliocene-Pleistocene Island arc basalts, Zamboanga Peninsula, Western Mindanao (Philippines). J Petrol 37:693-726. doi: 10.1093/petrology/37.3.693
92. Sengör AMC, Natal'In BA, Burtman VS (1993) Evolution of the Altaid tectonic collage and Paleozoic crustal growth in Eurasia. Nature 364:299-307. doi: 10.1038/364299a0
93. Shi Y, Lu H, Jia D, Cai D, Wu S, Chen C et al (1994) Paleozoic plate-tectonic evolution of Tarim and Western Tianshan regions, Western China. Int Geol Rev 36:1058-1066
94. Shi YR, Liu DY, Zhang Q, Jian P, Zhang FQ, Miao LC (2007) SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of the Gangou granitoids, Central Tianshan Mountains, Northwest China and tectonic significances. Chin Sci Bull 52:1507-1516. doi: 10.1007/s11434-007-0204-2
95. Shu LS, Charvet J, Guo L, Lu H (1999) A large-scale Paleozoic dextral ductile strike-slip zone: The Aqqikkudug-Weiya zone along the northern margin of the Central Tianshan belt, Xinjiang, NW China. Acta Geol Sin 73(2):148-162
96. Shu LS, Yu JH, Charvet J, Laurent-Charvet S, Sang HQ, Zhang RG (2004) Geological, geochronnological and geochemical features of granulites in the eastern Tianshan, NW China. J Asian Earth Sci 20(3):583-594
97. Solomovich LI (2007) Postcollisional magmatism in the South Tien Shan Variscan orogenic belt, Kyrgyztan: Evidence for high-temperature and high-pressure collision. J Asian Earth Sci 30:142-153. doi: 10.1016/ j.jseaes.2006.08.003
98. Solomovich LI, Trifonov BA (2002) Postcollisional granites in the South Tien Shan Variscan collisional belt, Kyrgyztan. J Asian Earth Sci 21:7-21. doi: 10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00008-1
99. Stupakov SI, Volkova NI, Travin AV, Simonov A, Sakiev KS, Novgorodtsev OS (2004) Eclogites of Atbashi Ridge as indicators of Early Carboniferous collision in Southern Tien Shan. In: Chernyshov AI, Tishin PA, Bether OV, Vrublevsky VV, Gertner IF, Grinev OM, Krasnova TS (eds) Petrology of magmatic and metamorphic complexes. Issue 4, Tomsk Center for Scientific and Technical Information, pp 272-277 (in Russian)
100. Sun SS, McDonough WF (1989) Chemical and isotopic systematics of ocean basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Saunders AD, Norry MJ (eds) Magmatism in ocean basin. Geological Society of London Special Publication 42. Geological Society, London, pp 313-345
101. Tagiri M, Yano T, Bakirov A, Nakajima T, Uchiumi S (1995) Mineral parageneses and metamorphic P-T paths of ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from Kyrgyzstan Tien-Shan. Isl Arc 4:280-292. doi: 10.1111/ j.1440-1738.1995.tb00150.x
102. Wang ZX, Wu JY, Liu CH, Lu XC, Zhang JG (1990) Polycyclic tectonic evolution and metallogeny of the Tianshan Mountains. Science Press, Beijing, pp 1-217 (in Chinese with English abstract)
103. Wang BY, Lang ZJ, Li XD (1994) Study on the geological sections across the western segment of Tianshan Mountains, China. Science Press, Beijing, pp 1-202 (in Chinese)
104. Wang RS, Wang Y, Li HM (1998) Zircon U-Pb dating of Yushugou terrain of high-pressure granulite facies in Southern Tianshan Mountains and its geological significance. Chin J Geochem 27(6):517-523
105. Wang T, Hong DW, Jahn BM, Tong Y, Wang YB, Han BF et al (2006) Timing, petrogenesis and setting of Paleozoic synorogenic intrusions from the Altai Mountains, northwest China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of an accretionary orogen. J Geol 114:735-751. doi: 10.1086/ 507617
106. Wang B, Chen Y, Zhan S, Shu LS, Faure M, Cluzel D et al (2007a) Primary Carboniferous and Permian paleomagnetic results from the Yili Block (NW China) and their implications on the geodynamic evolution of Chinese Tianshan Belt. Earth Planet Sci Lett 263:288-308
107. Wang B, Shu LS, Cluzel D, Faure M, Charvet J (2007b) Geochemical constraints on Carboniferous volcanic rocks of Yili block (Xinjiang, NW China): Implication for the tectonic evolution of Western Tianshan. J Asian Earth Sci 29:148-159. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2006.02.008
108. Wang C, Liu L, Luo JH, Che ZC, Teng ZH, Cao XD et al (2007c) Late Paleozoic post-collisional magmatism in the Southwestern Tianshan orogenic belt: An example from the Baleigong pluton in the Kokshal region. Acta Petrol Sin 23(8):1830-1840 (in Chinese with English abstract)
109. 2O system. J Metamorph Geol 21:163-179. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1314.2003.00435.x
110. Wiedenbeck M, Alle P, Corfu F (1995) Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb, Lu-Hf, trace element and REE analyses. Geostand Newsl 19:1-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-908X.1995.tb00147.x
111. Windley BF, Allen MB, Zhang C, Zhao Z, Wang Q (1990) Paleozoic accretion and Cenozoic redeformation of the Chinese Tien Shan range, central Asia. Geology 18:128-131. doi:10.1130/ 0091-7613(1990)018<0128:PAACRO>2.3.CO;2
112. Windley BF, Alexeiev D, Xiao W, Kröner A, Badarch G (2007) Tectonic models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. J Geol Soc London 164:31-47. doi: 10.1144/0016-76492006-022
113. Wood DA, Joron JL, Treuil M, Norry M, Tarney J (1979) Elemental and Sr isotope variations in basic lavas from Iceland and the surrounding ocean floor. Contrib Mineral Petrol 70:3219-3339. doi: 10.1007/BF00375360
114. Xia LQ, Xu XY, Xia ZC, Li XM, Ma ZP, Wang LS (2004) Petrogenesis of Carboniferous rift-related volcanic rocks in the Tianshan, northwestern China. Geol Soc Am Bull 116:419-433. doi: 10.1130/B25243.1
115. Xiao XC, Tang YQ, Feng YM, Zhu BQ, Li JY, Zhao M (1992) Tectonic evolution of northern Xinjiang and its adjacent regions. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, pp 1-169 (in Chinese with English abstract)
116. Xiao WJ, Zhang LC, Qin KZ, Sun S, Li JL (2004) Paleozoic accretionary and collisional tectonics of the eastern Tianshan (CHINA): Implications for the continental growth of Central Asia. Am J Sci 304:370-395. doi: 10.2475/ajs.304.4.370
117. Xiao WJ, Han CM, Yuan C, Chen HL, Sun M, Lin SF et al (2006) The unique Carboniferous-early Permian tectonic-metallogenic framework of Northern Xinjiang (NW China): Constraints for the tectonics of the southern Paleoasian Domain. Acta Petrol Sin 22(5):1062-1076 (in Chinese with English abstract)
118. Xiao WJ, Han CM, Yuan C, Sun M, Lin SF, Chen HL et al (2008) Middle Cambrian to Permian subduction-related accretionary orogenesis of Northern Xinjiang, NW China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of central Asia. J Asian Earth Sci 32:102-117. doi: 10.1016/ j.jseaes.2007.10.008
119. Xu B, Jian P, Zheng HF, Zou HB, Zhang LF, Liu DY (2005) U-Pb zircon geochronology and geochemistry of Neoproterozoic volcanic rocks in the Tarim Block of northwest China: Implications for the breakup of Rodinia supercontinent and Neoproterozoic glaciations. Precambrian Res 136:107-123. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2004.09.007
120. Xu XY, Ma ZP, Xia ZC, Xia LQ, Li XM, Wang LS (2006) TIMS U-Pb isotopic dating and geochemical characteristics of Paleozoic granitic rocks from the Middle - Western section of Tianshan. Northeast Geol 39:50-75 (in Chinese with English abstract)
121. Yakubchuk A (2004) Architecture and mineral deposit settings of the Altaid orogenic collage: A revised model. J Asian Earth Sci 23:761-779. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.01.006
122. Yang TN, Li JY, Sun GH, Wang YB (2006) Earlier Devonian active continental arc in Central Tianshan: Evidence of geochemical analyses and Zircon SHRIMP dating on mylonitized granitic rock. Acta Petrol Sin 22(1):41-48 (in Chinese with English abstract)
123. Yin A, Nie S, Craig P, Harrison TM, Ryerson FJ, Qian X et al (1998) Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the southern Chinese Tian Shan. Tectonics 17:1-27. doi: 10.1029/97TC03140
124. Yuan HL, Wu FY, Gao S, Liu XM, Xu P, Sun DY (2003) Determination of U-Pb age and rare earth element concentrations of zircons from Cenozoic intrusions in northeastern China by Laser ablation ICP-MS. Chin Sci Bull 48(22):2411-2421
125. Zamaletdinov T (1994) Geodynamic map of the Kyrgyzstan, scale 1:500000, Explanation. Ilim Press, Bishkek, pp 1-50 (in Russian)
126. Zhai W, Sun XM, Gao J, He XP, Liang JL, Miao LC et al (2006) SHRIMP dating of zircons from volcanic host rocks of Dahalajunshan Formation in Axi gold deposit, Xinjiang, China, and its geological implications. Acta Petrol Sin 22(5):1399-1404 (in Chinese with English abstract)
127. Zhang LF, Ellis DJ, Jiang W (2002a) Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism in western Tianshan, China, part I: Evidences from the inclusion of coesite pseudomorphs in garnet and quartz exsolution lamellae in omphacite in eclogites. Am Mineral 87:853-860
128. Zhang LF, Ellis DJ, Williams S, Jiang W (2002b) Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism in western Tianshan, China, part II: Evidence from magnesite in eclogite. Am Mineral 87:861-866
129. Zhang LF, Ellis DJ, Williams S, Jiang W (2003) Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism in eclogites from the Western Tianshan, China - reply. Am Mineral 88:1157-1160
130. Zhang LF, Ai YL, Li Q (2005a) The formation and tectonic evolution of UHP metamorphic belt in southwestern Tianshan, Xinjiang. Acta Petrol Sin 21(4):1029-1038 (in Chinese with English abstract)
131. Zhang LF, Song SG, Liou JG, Li XP (2005b) Relict coesite exsolution in omphacite from Western Tianshan eclogites, China. Am Mineral 90:181-186. doi: 10.2138/am.2005.1587
132. Zhang LF, Ai YL, Li XP, Rubatto D, Song B, Williams S et al (2007a) Triassic collision of western Tianshan orogenic belt, China: Evidence from SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon from HP/UHP eclogitic rocks. Lithos 96:266-280. doi: 10.1016/j.lithos.2006.09.012
133. Zhang LF, Ai YL, Song SG, Liou J, Wei CJ (2007b) A brief review of UHP meta-ophiolitic rocks, Southwestern Tianshan, Western China. Int Geol Rev 49:811-823. doi: 10.2747/0020-6814.49.9.811
134. Zhao ZH, Bai ZH, Xiong XL, Mei HJ, Wang YX (2000) Geochemistry of alkali-rich igneous rocks of Northern Xinjiang and its implications for Geodynamics. Acta Geol Sin 74(2):321-328
135. 39Ar chronological study of Late Paleozoic volcanic-hypabyssal igneous rocks in western Tianshan, Xinjiang. Geochimica 32(4):317-327 (in Chinese with English abstract)
136. Zheng JP, Griffin WL, O'Reilly SY, Zhang M, Liou JG, Pearson N (2006a) Granulite xenoliths and their zircons, Tuoyun, NW China: Insight into Southwestern Tianshan lower crust. Precambrian Res 145:159-181. doi: 10.1016/j.precamres.2005.12.001
137. Zheng JP, Griffin WL, O'Reilly SY, Zhang M, Pearson N, Luo ZH (2006b) The lithospheric mantle beneath the Southwestern Tianshan area. Contrib Mineral Petrol 151:457-479. doi: 10.1007/s00410-006-0071-x
138. Zhou D, Graham SA, Chang EZ, Wang B, Hacker B (2001) Paleozoic tectonic amalgamation of the Chinese Tian Shan: Evidence from a transect along the Dushanzi-Kuqa highway. In: Hendrix MS, Davis GA (eds) Paleozoic and Mesozoic tectonic evolution of central Asia: From continental assembly to intracontinental deformation. Geological Society of America Memoir 194. Geological Society of America, Boulder, pp 23-46
139. Zhou MF, Lesher CM, Yang ZX, Li JW, Sun M (2004) Geochemistry and petrogenesis of 270 Ma Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide-bearing mafic intrusions in the Huangshan district, Eastern Xinjiang, Northwestern China: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian orogenic belt. Chem Geol 209:233-257. doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.05.005
140. Zhu ZL, Gao SH, Liu ZZ (1999) West-South Tianshan mountain orognenic belt and foreland basin systems. Geoscience 13(3):275-280 (in Chinese with English abstract)
141. Zhu YF, Zhang LF, Gu LB, Guo X, Zhou J (2005) SHRIMP geochronologyand element geochemistry of Carboniferous volcanic rocks in the western Tianshan area. Chin Sci Bull 50(18):2004-2014
142. Zhu YF, Zhou J, Song B, Zhang LF, Guo X (2006a) Age of the "Dahalajunshan" formation in Xinjiang and its disintegration. Geol China 33(3):487-497 (in Chinese with English abstract)
143. Zhu ZX, Wang KZ, Zheng YJ (2006b) The Zircon SHRIMP dating of Silurian and Devonian granitic intrusions in the southern Yili Block, Xinjiang and preliminary discussion on their tectonic setting. Acta Petrol Sin 22(5):1193-1200 (in Chinese with English abstract)
144. Zonenshain LP, Kuzmin MI, Natapov LM (1990) Geology of the USSR: A plate-tectonic synthesis. In: Page BM (ed) American Geophysics Union, geodynamics Series 21. American Geophysics Union, Washington, DC, pp 1-242