Comparing costs and quality of care at retail clinics with that of other medical settings for 3 common illnesses

Annals of Internal Medicine

Volumn 151, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 321-328

  Mehrotra, Ateev ^a   Liu, Hangsheng ^b   Adams, John L ^b   Wang, Margaret C ^b   Lave, Judith R ^c   Thygeson, N Marcus ^d   Solberg, Leif I ^e   McGlynn, Elizabeth A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b RAND CORPORATION   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d HEALTHPARTNERS INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e HEALTHPARTNERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; COTRIMOXAZOLE; TETRACYCLINE;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHILD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG COST; EMERGENCY WARD; FEMALE; FIRST AID; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL CARE; OTITIS MEDIA; PHARYNGITIS; PHYSICIAN; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRESCRIPTION; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; TONSILLITIS; TREATMENT DURATION; UNITED STATES; URINARY TRACT INFECTION;

EID: 69749126497     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: 15393704     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00006     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Scott MK. Health Care in the Express Lane: The Emergence of Retail Clinics. Oakland, CA: California HealthCare Foundation; 2006.
2. Mehrotra A, Wang MC, Lave JR, Adams JL, McGlynn EA. Retail clinics, primary care physicians, and emergency departments: a comparison of patients' visits. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27:1272-1282 [PMID: 18780911]
3. Rudavsky R, Pollack CE, Mehrotra A. The geographic distribution, ownership, prices, and scope of practice at retail clinics. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151;315-320
4. Davis MM. More Children Expected to Seek Care at Retail Clinics. Ann Arbor, MI: Univ of Michigan Health System; 2007.
5. Rosenbluth H. In Rebuttal: Health clinics provide vital service. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 7 November 2006. Accessed at www.post-gazette.com/pg/ 06311/736157-109.stm on 10 July 2009.
6. Woodburn JD, Smith KL, Nelson GD. Quality of care in the retail health care setting using national clinical guidelines for acute pharyngitis. Am J Med Qual. 2007;22:457-462 [PMID: 18006426]
7. Starz TW. Quick health care is not the same as primary care. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. 1 November 2006.
8. Japsen B. AMA takes on retail clinics. Chicago Tribune. 25 June 2007. Accessed at http://archives.chicagotribune.com/2007/jun/25/business/chi-clinics- bizjun25 on 10 July 2009.
9. Steenhuysen J. AMA to seek probe of retail health clinics. New York: Thomson Reuters; 2007. Accessed at www.reuters.com/article/healthNews/ idUSN2531074620070626 on 10 July 2009.
10. O'Keefe L. Academy takes aim at retail-based clinics. AAP News. 2006;1:9.
11. American Academy of Family Physicians. Policy Statement of the American Academy of Family Physicians. Desired Attributes of Retail Health Clinics. Leawood, KS: American Academy of Family Physicians; 2007. Accessed at www.aafp.org/online/en/home/policy/policies/r/retailhealthclinics.html on 10 July 2009.
12. Retail-Based Clinic Policy Work Group, AAP. AAP principles concerning retail-based clinics. Pediatrics. 2006;118:2561-2562 [PMID: 17142546]
13. Bohmer R. The rise of in-store clinics - threat or opportunity? N Engl J Med. 2007;356:765-768 [PMID: 17314334]
14. Reinberg S. AMA wants probe of pharmacy-based clinics. HealthDay. 26 June 2007. Accessed at www.healthcentral.com/caregiver/news-42598-31.html on 10 July 2009.
15. Dang DK, Pont JM, Portnoy MA. Episode treatment groups: an illness classification and episode building system - Part I. Med Interface. 1996;9:118-122 [PMID: 10172582]
16. Smith HL. Matching with multiple controls to estimate treatment effects in observational studies. Soc Method. 1997;27:325-353. (Pubitemid 127341532)
17. Zhan C, Miller MR. Excess length of stay, charges, and mortality attributable to medical injuries during hospitalization. JAMA. 2003;290:1868-1874 [PMID: 14532315] (Pubitemid 37430603)
18. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Berenson-Eggers Type of Service (BETOS) codes. Baltimore: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; 2008. Accessed at www.cms.hhs.gov/HCPCSReleaseCodeSets/20-BETOS.asp on 10 July 2009.
19. Pham HH, Schrag D, O'Malley AS, Wu B, Bach PB. Care patterns in Medicare and their implications for pay for performance. N Engl J Med. 2007;356:1130-1139 [PMID: 17360991] (Pubitemid 46425597)
20. Bach PB, Pham HH, Schrag D, Tate RC, Hargraves JL. Primary care physicians who treat blacks and whites. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:575-584 [PMID: 15295050] (Pubitemid 39028925)
21. Kerr E, Asch S, Hamilton E, McGlynn E. Quality of care for cardiopulmonary conditions: a review of the literature and quality indicators. Santa Monica, CA: RAND; 2000.
22. Kerr E, Asch S, Hamilton E, McGlynn E. Quality of care for general medical conditions: a review of the literature and quality indicators. Santa Monica, CA: RAND; 2000.
23. McGlynn EA DC, Kerr EA, Schuster MA. Quality of care for children and adolescents: a review of the literature and quality indicators. Santa Monica, CA: RAND; 2007.
24. McGlynn EA, Asch SM, Adams J, Keesey J, Hicks J, DeCristofaro A, et al. The quality of health care delivered to adults in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:2635-2645 [PMID: 12826639] (Pubitemid 36741592)
25. Mangione-Smith R, DeCristofaro AH, Setodji CM, Keesey J, Klein DJ, Adams JL, et al. The quality of ambulatory care delivered to children in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1515-1523 [PMID: 17928599] (Pubitemid 47572637)
26. American Academy of Pediatrics Subcommittee on Management of Acute Otitis Media. Diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 2004;113:1451-1465 [PMID: 15121972]
27. Bisno AL, Gerber MA, Gwaltney JM Jr, Kaplan EL, Schwartz RH; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:113-125 [PMID: 12087516]
28. McIsaac WJ, Kellner JD, Aufricht P, Vanjaka A, Low DE. Empirical validation of guidelines for the management of pharyngitis in children and adults. JAMA. 2004;291:1587-1595 [PMID: 15069046] (Pubitemid 38552431)
29. Cooper RJ, Hoffman JR, Bartlett JG, Besser RE, Gonzales R, Hickner JM, et al; American Academy of Family Physicians. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults: background. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:509-517 [PMID: 11255530]
30. Brown H, Prescott R. Applied Mixed Models in Medicine. Chichester, United Kingdom: J Wiley; 1999.
31. Thygeson M, Van Vorst KA, Maciosek MV, Solberg L. Use and costs of care in retail clinics versus traditional care sites. Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27:1283-1292 [PMID: 18780912]
32. Horrocks S, Anderson E, Salisbury C. Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors. BMJ. 2002;324:819-823 [PMID: 11934775] (Pubitemid 34280734)
33. Mundinger MO, Kane RL, Lenz ER, Totten AM, Tsai WY, Cleary PD, et al. Primary care outcomes in patients treated by nurse practitioners or physicians: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2000;283:59-68. [PMID: 10632281]
34. Wielawski I. Gouging the medically uninsured: a tale of two bills. Health Aff (Millwood). 2000;19:180-185 [PMID: 10992667]
35. Melnick GA, Fonkych K. Hospital pricing and the uninsured: do the uninsured pay higher prices? Health Aff (Millwood). 2008;27:w116-22. [PMID: 18252736]
36. Bodenheimer T. Coordinating care - a perilous journey through the health care system. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1064-1071 [PMID: 18322289] (Pubitemid 351347107)
37. Hansen-Turton T, Ryan S, Miller K, Counts M, Nash DB. Convenient care clinics: the future of accessible health care. Dis Manag. 2007;10:61-73. [PMID: 17444791] (Pubitemid 46709329)
38. Kantor A. The retail health clinic: a revolution in convenience. AHIP Cover. 2007;48:26-8, 30, 32-33 [PMID: 17941572]