Non-ferrous metallurgy from the Phoenician site of La Fonteta (Alicante, Spain): a study of provenance

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 36, Issue 11, 2009, Pages 2584-2596

  Renzi, Martina ^a   Montero Ruiz, Ignacio ^a   Bode, Michael ^b  

^a Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales   (Spain)

^b German Mining Museum   (Germany)

Author keywords

Archaeometallurgy; ICP OES; La Fonteta; Lead isotope analyses; Orientalising period; Phoenician; SEM EDX; XRF ED

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGY; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LEAD ISOTOPE; METALLURGY; PROVENANCE; X-RAY FLUORESCENCE;

ALICANTE [COMUNIDAD VALENCIA]; COMUNIDAD VALENCIA; EURASIA; EUROPE; SOUTHERN EUROPE; SPAIN;

EID: 69749124777     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2009.07.016     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Arana Castillo R., Manteca Martínez J.I., Rodríguez Estrella T., Mancheño Jiménez M.A., Guillén Mondéjar F., Ortiz Silla R., Fernández Tapia M.T., Del Ramo Jiménez A., Berrocal Caparrós C., and García García C. El patrimonio geológico y minero de la Región de Murcia. In: Antolinos J.A., and Manteca J.I. (Eds). Bocamina: Patrimonio Minero de la Región de Murcia (2005), Catálogo de la exposición, Murcia 145-159
2. Arribas A., and Tosdal R.M. Isotopic composition of Pb and S in base and precious metal deposits of the Betic Cordillera, Spain: origin and relationship to other European deposits. Econ. Geol. 89 (1994) 1074-1093
3. Artzy M. The Jatt metal hoard in northern Canaanite: Phoenician and Cypriote context. Cuad. Arqu. Med. 14. (2006) Ed. Bellaterra, S.A., Barcelona
4. Baron S., Cargnan J., Laurent S., and Ploquin A. Medieval lead making on Mont-Lozère Massif (Cévennes-France): tracing ore resources using Pb isotopes. Appl. Geochem. 21 (2006) 242-252
5. Bayley J., and Eckstein K. Silver refining - production, recycling, assaying. In: Sinclair A., Slater E., and Gowlett J. (Eds). Archaeological Sciences 1995. Proceedings of a Conference on the Application of Scientific Techniques to the Study of Archaeology (Liverpool, July 1995). Oxford (1997) 107-111
6. Bayley J., and Eckstein K. Roman and medieval litharge cakes: structure and composition. In: Pérez Arantegui J. (Ed). 34th International Symposium on Archaeometry, Zaragoza (2006) 145-154
7. Begemann F., and Schmitt-Strecker S. Das Blei von Schiff und Ladung: Seine Isotopie und mögliche Herkunft. In: Gisela S., Von Prittwitz H.H., and Bauchhenss G.G. (Eds). Das Wrack (1994), Der antike Schiffsfund von Mahdia (Kataloge des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Bonn), Bonn 1073-1076
8. Begemann F., Schmitt-Strecker S., Pernicka E., and Lo Schiavo F. Chemical composition and lead isotopy of copper and bronze from Nuragic Sardinia. Eur. J. Arch. 4 1 (2001) 43-85
9. Blázquez, J.M., Domergue, C., Sillières, P. (Eds.), 2002. La Loba (Fuenteobejuna, province de Cordoue, Espagne). La mine et le village minier antiques. Mémoires, 7. Ausonius publications, Bordeaux.
10. Boni M., and Köppel V. Ore-lead isotope pattern from the Iglesiente-Sulcis area (SW Sardinia) and the problem of remobilization of metals. Miner. Dep. 20 3 (1985) 185-193
11. Brevart O., Dupré B., and Allègre C. Metallogenic provinces and the remobilisation process studies by lead isotopes: lead-zinc ore deposits from the southern Massif Central, France. Econ. Geol. 77 (1982) 564-574
12. Cameron A.E., Smith D.H., and Walker R.L. Mass spectrometry of nanogram size samples of lead. Anal. Chem. 41 (1969) 525-526
13. Canals A., and Cardellach E. Ore lead and sulphur isotope pattern isotope pattern from the low temperatures veins of the Catalonian Coastal Ranges (NE Spain). Miner. Dep. 32 (1997) 243-249
14. Dayton J.E., and Dayton A. Uses and limitations of lead isotopes in archaeology. In: Olin J.S., and Blackmann M.J. (Eds). Proceedings of the 24th International Archaeometry Symposium (1986), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. 13-41
15. Farquhar, R.M., Vitali, V., 1989. Lead isotope measurements and their application to Roman lead and bronze artefacts from Carthage. In: Fleming, S.J., Schenck, H.R. (Eds.), History of Technology: The Role of Metals. MASCA Research Papers in Science and Archaeology. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, pp. 39-45.
16. Gale N.H., Bachmann H.G., Rothenberg B., Stos-Gale Z.A., and Tylecote R.F. The adventitious production of iron in the smelting of copper. In: Rothenberg B. (Ed). The Ancient Metallurgy of Copper (1990), IAMS Institute of Archaeology, London 182-191
17. Gallegos Díaz A.J. Pertenencia nevado-filábride de los micasquistos de Sierra Alhamilla. Boletín Inst. Est. Almer. Ciencias 6 (1986) 11-20
18. González Prats A. La Fonteta 1996-1998. El emporio fenicio de la desembocadura del río Segura (1999), Exposición monográfica, Alicante
19. González Prats, A., 1999-2000. La Fonteta. El emporio fenicio de la desembocadura del río Segura. Sapanu, Publicaciones en Internet III y IV. http://www.labherm.filol.csic.es.
20. González Prats, A., Ruiz Segura, E., 1999. Una zona metalúrgica de la primera mitad del siglo VII en la ciudad fenicia de La Fonteta (Guardamar, Alicante). In: XXIV Congreso Nacional de Arqueología, vol. 3. Murcia, pp. 355-357.
21. Graeser S., and Friedrich G. Zur Fragestellung und Genese der Blei-Zink Vorkommen der Sierra de Cartagena in Spanien. Miner. Dep. 5 4 (1970) 365-374
22. Hauptmann A. The Archaeometallurgy of Copper: Evidence from Faynan, Jordan (2007), Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, New York
23. Hauptmann A., Begemann F., Heitkemper E., Pernicka E., and Schmitt-Strecker S. Early copper produced at Feinan, Wadi Arabah, Jordan: the composition of ores and copper. Archaeomaterials 6 1 (1992) 1-33
24. Hunt Ortiz, M.A., 2003. Prehistoric Mining and Metallurgy in South West Iberian Peninsula. BAR International Series 1188. Oxford.
25. IGME, 1972. Mapa metalogenético de España. Mapa previsor de mineralizaciones de plomo-zinc (E. 1:1.500.000).
26. IGME, 1972-1973a. Mapa metalogenético de España, sheet n. 72. Elche (E. 1:200.000).
27. IGME, 1972-1973b. Mapa metalogenético de España, sheet n. 73. Alicante (E. 1:200.000).
28. IGME, 1972-1973c. Mapa metalogenético de España, sheet n. 79. Murcia (E. 1:200.000).
29. IGME, 1972-1973d. Mapa metalogenético de España, sheet n. 84-85. Almería - Garrucha (E. 1:200.000).
30. Kassianidou V. Extraction of silver from complex poly-metallic ores. The evidence from Monte Romero. In: Craddock P., and Lang J. (Eds). Mining and Metal Production through the Ages (2003), The British Museum Press, London 198-206
31. Klein, S., Domergue, C., Lahaye, Y., Brey, G.P., von Kaenel, H.M., 2009. The lead and copper isotopic composition of copper ores from the Sierra Morena (Spain). Análisis de los isótopos de plomo y de cobre de los minerales de cobre de Sierra Morena (España). J. Iber. Geol. 35 (1), 59-68.
32. Le Guen M., Orgeval J.J., and Lancelot J. Lead isotope behaviour in a polyphased Pb-Zn ore deposit: Les Malines (Cévennes, France). Miner. Dep. 26 3 (1991) 180-188
33. Lillo J. Vein-type base-metal ores in Linares-La Carolina (Spain): ore-lead isotopic constrains. Eur. J. Miner. 4 (1992) 337-343
34. Ludwig K.R., Vollmer R., Turi B., Simmons K.R., and Perna G. Isotopic constraints on the genesis of base-metal ores in southern and central Sardinia. Eur. J. Miner. 1 (1989) 657-666
35. Marcoux E. Lead isotope systematics in the giant massive sulphide deposits in the Iberian Pyrite belt. Miner. Dep. 33 1-2 (1998) 45-58
36. Martín-Rojas I., Estévez Rubio A., and Delgado Salazar F. Unidades tectónicas y estructura general de la Sierra de Gádor y zonas adyacentes (Cordillera Bética, provincia de Almería): implicaciones paleogeográficas. Est. Geol. 63 1 (2007) 27-42
37. Montero Ruiz I., Hunt Ortiz M.A., and Santos Zalduegui J.F. El depósito de la Ría de Huelva: procedencia del metal a través de los resultados de análisis de Isótopos de Plomo. In: Celis J., Delibes de Castro G., Fernández Manzano J., and Grau Lobo L. (Eds). El hallazgo leonés de Valdevimbre y los depósitos del Bronce Final Atlántico en la Península Ibérica. Estudios y Catálogos 17. Museo de León (2007) 194-209
38. Montero Ruiz I., Gener M., Hunt M.A., Renzi M., and Rovira Llorens S. Ca-racterización analítica de la producción metalúrgica protohistórica de plata en Cataluña. Rev. Arqu. Pon. 18 (2008) 243-328
39. Montero Ruiz, I., Castanyer, P., Gener, M., Hunt, M.A., Mata, J.M., Pons, E., Rovira Llorens, S., Rovira Hortalà, C., Renzi, M., Santos Retolaza, M., Santos Zalduegui, J.F., 2009a. Lead and silver metallurgy in Emporion (L'Escala, Girona, Spain). In: Archaeometallurgy in Europe. 2nd Internacional Conference, Grado-Aquileia, 423-434.
40. Montero Ruiz I., Gener M., Renzi M., Hunt M.A., Rovira Llorens S., and Santos Zalduegui J.F. Provenance of lead in first Iron Age sites in southern Catalonia (Spain). In: Moreau J.F., Auger R., Chabot J., and Herzog A. (Eds). Proceedings for the 36th International Symposium on Archaeometry (Quebec, 2nd-6th May 2006), Quebec (2009) 391-398
41. Negueruela I., González Gallero R., San Claudio M., Méndez A., Presa M., and Marín C. Mazarrón-2: el barco fenicio del siglo VII a.C. Campaña de noviembre-1999/marzo 2000. In: Matilla Séiquer G., Egea Vivancos A., and González Blanco A. (Eds). El mundo púnico: religión, antropología y cultura material. Actas II Congreso Internacional del Mundo Púnico (Cartagena, 6-9 April 2000) (2004) 453-484
42. Pernicka E., Seeliger T.C., Wagner G.A., Begemann F., Schmitt-Strecker S., Eibner C., Öztunali O., and Baranyi I. Archäometallurgische Untersuchungen in Nordwestanatolien. Jahrb. RGZM 31 (1984) 533-599
43. Pomiès C., Cocherie A., Guerrot C., Marcoux E., and Lancelot J. Assessment of the precision and accuracy of lead-isotope ratios measured by TIMS for geochemical applications: example of massive sulphide deposits (Rio Tinto, Spain). Chem. Geol. 144 (1998) 137-149
44. Prange M. 5000 Jahre Kupfer im Oman. Band II. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Charakterisierung des omanischen Kupfers mittels chemischer und isotopischer Analysenmethoden. Metalla 8 1-2 (2001) Bochum
45. Rehren, T., Prange, M., 1998. Lead metal and patina: a comparison. In: Rehren, T., Hauptmann, A., Muhly, J.D. (Eds.), Metallurgica Antiqua. Der Anschnitt Beiheft 8, Bochum, pp. 183-196.
46. Rehren Th., Vanhove D., Mussche H., and Oikonomakou M. Litharge from Laurion. A medical and metallurgical commodity from South Attika. L'Antiq. Class 68 (1999) 299-308
47. Renzi M. Estudio tipológico y funcional de las toberas del yacimiento de La Fonteta (Guardamar del Segura). Trab. Prehist. 64 1 (2007) 165-177
48. Renzi, M., Hauptmann, A., Rovira, S., 2007. Phoenician metallurgical production at SE-Spain. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference "Archaeometallurgy in Europe 2007", Grado-Aquileia [CD-ROM].
49. Renzi M., and Rovira Llorens S. Slags of Early Iron production in the Iberian Peninsula. In: Moreau J.F., Auger R., Chabot J., and Herzog A. (Eds). Proceedings for the 36th International Symposium on Archaeometry (Quebec, 2nd-6th May 2006), Quebec (2009) 399-406
50. Rouillard P., Garilledrat E., and Sala Sellés F. L'établissement protohistorique de La Fonteta (fin VIII-fin VI siècle av. J.-C.) (2007), Casa de Velázquez, Madrid
51. Sainz de Baranda B., Gonzalez del Tanago J., and Vinals J. Secondary minerals of the Mazarron-Aguilas, Mining District, Murcia Province, Spain. The Miner. Rec. 34 4 (2003) 315-334
52. Santos Zalduegui J.F., García de Madinabeitia S., Gil Ibarguchi J.I., and Palero F. A lead isotope database: the Los Pedroches-Alcudia area (Spain); implications for archaeometallurgical connections across south-western and south-eastern Iberia. Archaeometry 46 (2004) 625-634
53. Santos Zalduegui J.F., García de Madinabeitia S., Gil Ibarguchi J.I., and Saez R. Los isótopos del plomo en Arqueología: metodología analítica y ejemplos de aplicación. In: Calleja J.M., Feliu Ortega M.J., and Edreira Sánchez M.C. (Eds). Avances en Arqueometría 2003 (2004), Universidad de Cádiz 25-34
54. Sinclair A.J., Macquar J.C., and Rouvier H. Re-evaluation of the lead isotopic data, southern Massif Central, France. Miner. Dep. 28 (1993) 122-128
55. Stos-Gale Z.A. The impact of the natural sciences on studies of Hacksilber and early silver coinage. In: Balmuth M.S. (Ed). Hacksilber to coinage: new insights into the monetary history of the Near East and Greece. Numismatic Studies no. 24 (2001), American Numismatic Society, New York 53-76
56. Stos-Gale Z.A., Gale N.H., Houghton J., and Speakman R. Lead isotope data from the Isotrace Laboratory, Oxford: Archaeometry data base 1 ores from the Western Mediterranean. Archaeometry 37 (1995) 407-415
57. Suárez Márquez A., Aguayo de Hoyos P., San Martín Montilla C., López Castro J.L., and Carrilero Millán M. Abdera: una colonia fenicia en el Sureste de la Península Ibérica. Madrider Mitteilungen 30 (1989) 135-151
58. Swainbank I.G., Shepherd T.J., Caboi R., and Massoli-Novelli R. Lead isotopic composition of some galena ores from Sardinia. Period. Miner. 51 (1982) 275-286
59. 205Pb double spike for high-precision Lead Isotope Analysis. Geoph. Monogr. 95 (1996) 429-437
60. Tornos F., and Chiaradia M. Plumbotectonic evolution of the Ossa Morena Zone, Iberian Peninsula: tracing the influence of mantle-crust interaction in ore-forming processes. Econ. Geol. 99 (2004) 965-985
61. Valera P.G., Valera R.G., and Rivoldini A. Sardinian ore deposits and metals from the Bronze Age. In: Lo Schiavo F., Giumlia-Mair A., Sanna U., and Valera R. (Eds). Archaeometallurgy in Sardinia from the origin to the Early Iron Age. Monographies instrumentum 30 (2005), Editions Monique Mergoil, Montagnac 43-87