Pet food politics: The Chihuahua in the coal mine

Pet Food Politics: The Chihuahua in the Coal Mine

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages

  Nestle, Marion ^a  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

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EID: 69749088444     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book

References (95)

1. p. 8 This account is mostly Pet food recall claims No.1"spot" in annual survey of America's food editors. PR Newswire, December 17, 2007, at http://sev.prnewswire.com/food-beverages/20071217/NYM00717122007-1.html.
2. p. 9 While these calls Pet Food Industry (September 2007) lists laboratories that perform nutrient analyses and microbiological assays; that test for antibiotics, pesticides, genetic modifi cations, and antioxidants; and that evaluate claims for "complete and balanced," palatability, digestibility, and bioavailability. Some give locations and websites, but others do not. gliadin and glutenin. Tsai M. Un-American pet food: why do we put Chinese wheat gluten in fi do's kibble? Slate, April 2, 2007, at www.slate.com/id/2163235.
3. p. 11 The next day, March 9 Statement of Donald Smith, dean of the College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University. Transcript of FDA press conference on the pet food recall, March 30, 2007, at www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/petfood/transcript033007.pdf.
4. p. 12 On March 13 Procter & Gamble. Veterinary Quality Assurance Task Force report, March 29, 2007, at http://us.iams.com/iams/global/Vet_Quality_Assurance_Report.htm. P&G scientists corroborated other details in off-therecord conversations.
5. p. 12 The next afternoon Menu Foods Income Fund announces precautionary dog and cat food recall (press release), March 16, 2007, at www.menufoods.com.
6. p. 13 Although this was Within a year, the pet food recall was upstaged by a recall of 143 million pounds of ground beef. See Martin A. Largest recall of ground beef is ordered. New York Times, February 18, 2008, at www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/business/18recall.html?_r=1&st=cse&sq=meat+recall&scp=1&oref=slogin.
7. p. 15 Note my choice FDA. Background and defi nitions at www.fda.gov/oc/po/firmrecalls/recall_defin.html. FDA, Center for Veterinary Medicine. Types of regulatory actions, September 18, 1998, at www.fda.gov/cvm/Policy_Procedures/3601.pdf.
8. p. 19 But the FDA did FDA. Memorandum: Go Natural dog and cat food recall, April 2, 2004, at http://69.20.19.211/cvm/Documents/HHEGoNatural.pdf.
9. p. 20 Even when the cause York M. After recall of food, veterinarians at Cornell University rush to save poisoned dogs. New York Times, January 9, 2006. Kinnard M. Maker of tainted dog food settles. Wall Street Journal, January 5, 2008.
10. p. 22 These pieces of evidence Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Salmonella Schwarzengrund outbreak investigation, August 2007, August 28, 2007, at www.cdc.gov/salmonella/schwarzengrund.html. FDA. Mars Petcare pet food recall: questions and answers, August 25, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/NEWS/2007/NEW01689.html.
11. p. 23 Nevertheless, the melamine American Veterinary Medical Association. Media alert, September 14, 2007, at www.avma.org/press/media_alerts/070914_jerky_treats.asp.Also, Lade DC. Bones? Yummies? Treats? Only in moderation, pet experts say. South Florida Sun-Sentinal, November 20, 2007.
12. p. 25 Considering the millions Wild Kitty Cat Food responds to FDA recall, February 21, 2007, at www.sys-con.com/read/339987_p.htm.
13. p. 29 Menu announced P&G Pet Care announces voluntary participation in Menu Foods' nationwide U.S. and Canadian recall of specifi c canned and small foil pouch "wet" cat and dog foods (press release), March 16, 2007, at www.fda.gov/oc/po/firmrecalls/pg03_07.html.
14. p. 45 To make the different Byron E. 101 Brand names, 1 manufacturer. Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2007.
15. p. 46 Menu Foods was founded Gillis C, Kingston A. How one supplier caused a huge crisis, and why it's just the tip of the iceberg. Macleans, April 30, 2007, at www.macleans.ca/business/companies/article.jsp?content=20070430_104326_104326. Also see Austen I. Despite recall, pet food maker is still a large supplier. New York Times, March 22, 2007.
16. p. 48 A few days after Kwan J. Menu Foods again widens pet food recall. Reuters, April 10, 2007, at www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N10443845.htm.
17. p. 51 None of this helped Staats J. Marin case confi rms new tainted pet food. Marin Independent Journal, April 9, 2007. Mars, Incorporated to acquire Nutro Products, Inc. (press release), May 1, 2007, at www.nutroproducts.com/press5-1-07mars.shtml.
18. p. 52 Effective crisis management Rosenblatt D. Handling customer complaints. In: Kvamme JL, Phillips TD, eds. Petfood Technology. Mt. Morris, IL: Watt Publishing, 2003:508-511. Sellers R. Recall realities: essential factors to think about in preparing for and handling a recall. Petfood Industry, October 2007:18-20.
19. p. 52 In the event Tan E. What you say: 93%. Advertising Age, April 2, 2007.
20. p. 56 Menu did not publicly Burton TM. Amid pet-food recall, problem remains mystery. Wall Street Journal, March 19, 2007.
21. p. 59 So if the numbers of American Veterinary Medical Association. Researchers examine contaminants in food, deaths of pets. javmaNews, December 1, 2007, at www.avma.org/onlnews/javma/dec07/071201c-pf.asp.
22. p. 62 Pest control experts Zezima K. Rat poison found in food linked to 14 animal deaths. New York Times, March 24, 2007.
23. p. 65 So was the toxin New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets. Statement from NYS Ag Commissioner Patrick Hooker, March 30, 2007, at www.agmkt.state.ny.us/ad/release.asp?releaseID=1599.
24. p. 70 Melamine and cyanuric See AOAC International. Offi cial Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 18th ed., Arlington, VA: AOAC International, 2005.
25. p. 71 Wheat gluten may Radomski JL, Woodard G, Lehman AJ. The toxicity of fl ours treated with various "improving" agents. Journal of Nutrition 1948;36:15-25. Mellanby E. Further observations on the production of canine hysteria by fl our treated with nitrogen trichloride (agene process). British Medical Journal 1947;2(4520):288-289.
26. p. 72 As noted by the FDA Lipschitz WL, Stokey E. The mode of action of three new diuretics: melamine, adenine and formoguanamine. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 1945;83:235-249.
27. p. 75 At lower doses Clark R. Melamine crystals in sheep. Journal of the South African Veterinary Medical Association 1966;37:349-351.
28. p. 77 Decades ago Cattaneo P, Cantoni C. Determinazione della melammina aggiunta alle farine di origine animale. Tecnica Molitoria, May 1979:371-374. Cattaneo P, Cantoni C. Presenza di melammina in farina di pesce. Tecnica Molitoria, June 1982:17-18.
29. p. 79 There's a real absence Transcript of FDA press conference on the pet food recall, May 1, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/transcripts/transcript050107.pdf. Also see Ember LR. Cause of deaths, illness in pets remains elusive. Chemical & Engineering News, April 4, 2007, at http://pubs.acs.org/cen/news/85/i15/8515 news7.html.
30. p. 79 It is not that Pet killer? New Scientist, June 9, 2007:26.
31. p. 79 More surprising is that FDA. Interim melamine and analogues safety/ risk assessment, May 25, 2007, at www.cfsan.fda.gov/dms/melamra.html.
32. p. 81 If 63 mg/kg Transcripts of FDA press conferences on contaminated animal feed, May 3 and May 30, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/transcripts/transcript050307.pdf.
33. p. 85 The Georgia investigators Brown CA, Jeong K-S, Poppenga RH, et al. Outbreaks of renal failure associated with melamine and cyanuric acid in dogs and cats in 2004 and 2007. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 2007;19(5):525-531.
34. p. 85 At this point, it See Steussy L. UC Davis researchers identify toxic chemicals in pet food. The California Aggie, November 20, 2007.
35. p. 87 As is standard practice U.C. Davis study fi nds chemical combo in petfood. Petfood Industry.com e-newsletter, November 20, 2007.
36. p. 88 ChemNutra's very business ChemNutra: the China source experts, at www.chemnutra.com. Weiss R, Trejos N. Crisis over pet food extracting healthy cost. Washington Post, May 2, 2007.
37. p. 91 With so much at ChemNutra FAQ, April 15, 2007, at www.chemnutra.com/ChemNutra%20FAQ.pdf.
38. p. 91 But if the business Associated Press. Farmed fi sh given meal tainted with melamine. MSNBC.com, May 8, 2007, at www.msnbc.msn.com/id/18556690.
39. p. 91 The Menu Foods version Phillips T. Menu CEO talks recalls. Petfood Industry, September 2007:20-22.
40. p. 92 Menu Foods, according ChemNutra FAQ, April 15, 2007, at www.chemnutra.com/ChemNutra%20FAQ.pdf. This could have been the fi rst time ChemNutra had direct contact with Xuzhou Anying. According to the February 2008 indictment documents cited in Chapter 20, ChemNutra had only been dealing with Suzhou Textiles.
41. p. 93 Barboza's conclusion Barboza D, Barrionuevo A. In China, additive to animals' food is an open secret. New York Times, April 30, 2007. Barboza D. 2nd ingredient is suspected in pet food contamination. New York Times, May 9, 2007.
42. p. 94 But the revelations Barboza D. Chinese fi rm dodged inspection of pet food, U.S. says. New York Times, May 3, 2007. Zamiska N. Invoice links two Chinese fi rms to bad pet food. Wall Street Journal, May 7, 2007.
43. p. 100 This recall must MacLeod C. China grapples with food-safety probe. USA Today, April 29, 2007.
44. p. 100 Royal Canin, for example Mars Petcare is at www.marspetcare.com. Cereal Byproducts Company announces the voluntary nationwide recall of rice protein concentrate produced in China (press release), May 4, 2007, at www.fda.gov/oc/po/firmrecalls/cerealbyproducts05_07.html.
45. p. 101 Royal Canin had to Bause T, Prinsloo H. Namibia: pet food shock-manufacturers recall stocks. The Namibian (Windhoek), April 13, 2007, at http://allafrica.com/stores/200704130385.html. Pet-food poison from SA fi rm. News24, April 19, 2007, at www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/News/0,,2-7-1442 _2101493,00.html.
46. p. 101 The travails of Blue Schmit J. Who was watching suppliers? USA Today, May 10, 2007.
47. p. 103 American Nutrition American Nutrition, Inc. responds to criticism (press release), April 30, 2007, at www.pr.com/press-release/37367.
48. p. 106 Once we knew FDA. Transcript of FDA press conference on contaminated animal feed, May 3, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/transcripts/transcript050307.pdf.
49. p. 106 On April 19 Dahlberg, CP. Chemical found in state hogs. Sacbee.com, April 20, 2007, at www.sacbee.com/101/v-print/story/158442.html. Weise E, Schmit J. Human foods to be tested for melamine. USA Today, April 24, 2007.
50. p. 108 Because the U.S. Department Joint news release: FDA and USDA determine swine fed adulterated product, April 26, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/news/2007/new01618.html.
51. p. 109 On April 30 Joint update: FDA/USDA trace adulterated feed to poultry, April 30, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/news/2007/new01621.html.
52. p. 110 In reassuring FDA/USDA joint news release: scientists conclude very low risk to humans from food containing melamine, May 7, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/news/2007/new01629.html.
53. p. 111 Surely chickens Fish meant for humans fed tainted food. CNN.com, May 8, 2007, at www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/05/08/fish.food/index.html. Le PC. Tainted feed pulled from fi sh hatcheries. Seattle Intelligencer, May 9, 2007. Simpson S. Company recalling fi sh feed is testing B.C. batches. Vancouver Sun, May 10, 2007. FDA teleconferences May 8 and May 10 at www.fda.gov/oc/ opacom/hottopics/petfood.html.
54. p. 111 FDA offi cials again Weiss R. FDA says quarantined hogs are safe to eat. Washington Post, May 16, 2007. Transcript of FDA press conference on contaminated animal feed, May 15, 2007, at www.fda.gov/bbs/transcripts/transcript051507.pdf.
55. p. 112 With or without FDA. Warning letter to Tembec, September 11, 2007, at www.fda.gov/foi/warning_letters/s6509c/htm.
56. p. 117 Some of these problems See transcripts of FDA teleconferences from March 19 until May 30 at www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/petfood.html.
57. p. 119 As late as November Notes on FDA teleconference with bloggers, November 14, 2007. No transcript is available; I checked my notes by listening to a recording before the FDA removed it from the website on November 21.
58. p. 120 In the meantime FDA and AAFCO. Memorandum of understanding between the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Association of American Feed Control Offi cials, FDA record #225-07-7001, April 2007. FDA, AAFCO sign agreement on feed ingredient listing (press release), November 19, 2007, at www.fda.gov/cvm/CVM_Updates/AAFCO_MOU.htm.
59. p. 120 To deal with Zhang J. FDA weighs shift in safety checks on food imports. Wall Street Journal, June 14, 2007. Brackett RE. Constituent update, May 9, 2007, at www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/cfsupdat.html.
60. p. 121 This last issue Weise E, Schmit J. Pet food scare in USA had a precursor; Asian outbreak reported in 2004. USA Today, March 11, 2008, at www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-03-10-petfood_N.htm.
61. p. 123 China is so large I review the history of food safety in the United States in Safe Food: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bioterrorism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.
62. p. 124 What's happening halfway Mihm S. A nation of outlaws: a century ago, that wasn't China-it was us. Boston Globe, August 26, 2007.
63. p. 125 The pet food recalls Weiss R. Pet food chemical was from 2 fi rms. Washington Post, May 4, 2007. Clapp S. USDA warns against food counterfeiters in China. Food Chemical News, May 7, 2007.
64. p. 126 China's vice premier Wu Y. China stands for quality. Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2007.
65. p. 126 China has a huge Barboza D. Ex-chief of China food and drug unit sentenced to death for graft. New York Times, May 30, 2007. Barboza D. China steps up safety efforts. New York Times, July 7, 2007. Barboza D. A Chinese reformer betrays his cause, and pays. New York Times, July 13, 2007.
66. p. 127 Later that month Barboza D, Bogdanich W. China shuts 3 companies over safety of products. New York Times, July 21, 2007. (The third company had shipped diethylene glycol as glycerin.) Lawrence D. China says two companies face prosecution for tainted pet food, August 27, 2007, at www.bloomberg.com.
67. p. 129 Much of our trade USDA. Latest U.S. agricultural trade data, updated November 9, 2007, at www.ers.usda.gov/data/fatus/monthlysummary.htm. China trade statistics are at www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html.
68. p. 129 The large volume Chen W, Qiong W. China: en route to better food safety. China View, September 16, 2007, at http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-09/16/content_6733537.htm. Schwartz ND. Chinese goods face more tests by U.S. fi rms. New York Times, July 1, 2007.
69. p. 134 Fears of the hazards See the website of Sustain: The Alliance for Better Food and Farming at www.sustainweb.org, and Halweil B, Eat Here: Homegrown Pleasures in a Global Supermarket. New York: W. W. Norton, 2004.
70. p. 137 Congress may have been Clapp S. Zogby poll shows overwhelming support for COOL, and Senators voice support for including COOL in farm bill, Food Chemical News, August 20 and October 15, 2007.
71. p. 138 to a cost-effective Interagency Working Group on Import Safety. Protecting the American consumer every step of the way: a strategic framework for import safety, September 10, 2007, at www.importsafety.gov/report/report.pdf.
72. p. 140 On the international Wu Y. China stands for quality. Wall Street Journal, December 11, 2007.
73. p. 143 If the FDA Ederer P, Goldberg RA. U.S. FDA: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition: Food Safety in a Globalizing World. European Food & Agribusiness, Wageningen University, August 1, 2007. Mr. Hubbard retired from his position as FDA commissioner for policy and planning in 2005.
74. p. 144 The regulatory framework Ederer and Goldberg, U.S. FDA.
75. p. 144 That paradigm FDA. Spinach and E. coli outbreak (home page), at www.fda.gov/oc/opacom/hottopics/spinach.html.
76. p. 145 First the history On the irrationality, history, and politics of the U.S. food safety system, see Nestle M. Safe Food: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bioterrorism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.
77. p. 152 I was by no Clapp S. FDA and GMA offi cials quizzed on import safety plans. Food Chemical News, November 19, 2007:1-9. Zhang J. Plan for food safety criticized at hearing. Wall Street Journal, December 5, 2007.
78. p. 153 The pet food scandal Ederer and Goldberg, U.S. FDA.
79. p. 154 consumers and the FDA Science Board. Science and mission at risk: report of the Subcommittee on Science and Technology, November 2007, at www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/07/briefing/2007-4329b_02_01_FDA%20Report%20on%20Science%20and%20Technology.pdf.
80. p. 154 This brings us You're eating that? (editorial). New York Times, November 26, 2007. Also, Ederer and Goldberg, U.S. FDA.
81. p. 154 By December 2007 Morgan & Myers. Many consumers trust activists and grocers for food information (news release), December 5, 2007, at www.morganmyers.com/home_p.htm.
82. p. 157 In September, Congress Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, Public Law 110-85, 110th Congress (September 27, 2007), at www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h110-3580.
83. p. 158 In the immediate Pet Food Institute. Advertisement, USA Today, April 12, 2007. For an outline of the public relations strategy, see Bush M. Pet food industry unites in crisis. PR Week, May 17, 2007.
84. p. 160 Create some kind Waddell L. A galaxy of PR woe. Newsweek, December 14, 2007, at www.newsweek.com/id/78044/output/print.
85. p. 160 If the impetus Lummis D. Selling safety. Petfood Industry, September 2007:24-27.
86. p. 161 Within days of Pet Valu a possible target in tainted-pet-food suit. Thestar.com, September 19, 2007, at www.thestar.com/printArticle/258283. Malanga S. Pet plaintiffs. Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2007.
87. p. 162 Some legal authorities Walker AF. Ontario courts award compensation for emotional distress associated with the loss of a pet. The Canadian Veterinary Journal 2007;48(9):967-969, at www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1950104.
88. p. 163 As it happened E-mail, November 5, 2007.
89. p. 166 Nevertheless, the recalls See Pet Food Products Safety Alliance at www.pfpsa.org/faq.html. Top dog: organic and natural pet food sales soar in wake of China scandal. Nutrition Business Journal, July/August 2007:26-27.
90. p. 166 The companies that Phillips T. Natural Balance rebounds: 3 keys. Petfood Industry, February 2008:26-29. See www.naturalbalanceinc.com.Castor &Pollux is at www.castorpolluxpet.com
91. p. 168 Such sentiments are Kerns N. Full disclosure: we've upped the ante for this year's dry dog food review. The Whole Dog Journal 2008;11(2):3-11.
92. p. 169 The American College American College of Veterinary Nutrition. ACVN statement on pet food recalls, April 6, 2007, at www.acvn.org/site/view/92016_ACVNPetFoodRecalls.pml.
93. p. 172 Fifteen cats Keith C. Bigger than you think: the story behind the pet food recall. San Francisco Chronicle, April 3, 2007. Keith C. The pet food recall: one year later, has anything changed? San Francisco Chronicle, March 15, 2008.
94. p. 175 The FDA's fi nal list FDA. Search for pet food recalls. Updated October 31, 2007, at www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/petfoodrecall/#All. The FDA's melamine recall page (updated February 6, 2008) is at www.fda.gov/oc/opa com/hottopics/petfood.html.
95. p. 176 The FDA site and that American Veterinary Medical Association. Pet food recalls (home page), updated June 13, 2007, but provides information about recalls through August 22, 2007, at www.avma.org/aa/petfoodrecall/default.asp.