What are those few dots for? Thoughts on the orthography of the Qurra Papyri (709-710), the Khurasan Parchments (755-777) and the inscription of the Jerusalem Dome of the Rock (692)

Arabica

Volumn 55, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 91-112

  Kaplony, Andreas ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 69649107611     PISSN: 05705398     EISSN: 15700585     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/157005808X289331     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. Abbott, Nabia. The Rise of the North Arabic Script and its Kur'anic Development, With a Full Description of the Kur'an Manuscripts in the Oriental Institute. Vol. 1 of The University of Chicago Oriental Institute Publications. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1939.
2. -. "The KasrKharana Inscription of 92 H(710 A.D.), a New Reading," Ars Islamica 11 (1946) 190-195; pl.
3. -. Studies in Literary Papyri. Vol. 3: Language and Literature. Vol. 77 of The University of Chicago Oriental Institute Publications. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1972.
4. Altheim, Franz and Stiehl, Ruth"Anfange der arabischen Schriftsprache." In:Die Araber in der Alten Welt , ed. Altheim, Franz and Ruth Stiehl, [1:] vol. 2, 357-369; [2:] vol. 4, 1-14. Berlin/New York: de Gruyter, 1965; 1967.
5. Bartoletti, Vittorio. Papiri greci e latini. Vol. 12, fascicolo II: n.i 1272-1295. Part of Pubblicazioni della Societa Italiana per la ricerca dei Papiri greci e latini in Egitto. Florence: Le Monnier, 1951.
6. Bauer, Thomas. "Das arabische Schriftsystem." In:Schrift und Schriftlichkeit: ein interdisziplinares Handbuch internationaler Forschung/Writing and its Use: an Interdisciplinary Handbook of International Research , ed. Hartmut Gunther and Otto Ludwig. Vol. 10 of Handbucher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft, 1433-1436 (= paper 123). Berlin and New York: de Gruyter, 1994-1996.
7. Becker, C.HPapyri Schott-Reinhardt, Vol. I. Vol. 3 of Veroffentlichungen aus der Heidelberger Papyrussammlung. Heidelberg: Winter, 1906a.
8. -. "Arabische Papyri des Aphroditofundes," Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie 20 (1906b) 68-104.
9. -. "Das Lateinische in den arabischen Papyrusprotokollen," Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie 22 (1909) 166-193; pl. 1-3.
10. -. "Neue arabische Papyri des Aphroditofundes," Der Islam 2 (1911) 245-268.
11. Bergstrasser, G. and O. Pretzl. Die Geschichte des Korantexts. Vol. 3 of Geschichte des Qorans. Leipzig: Dieterich, 1938/Reprint Wiesbaden: Olms, 1961.
12. Bierman, Irene A. "The Art of the Public Text: Medieval Islamic Rule" In:World Art: Themes of Unity in Diversity. Actes of the XXVIth International Congress of the History of Arts , ed. Irving Lavin, 283-290, University Park and London: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989.
13. -. Writing Signs: the Fatimid Public Text Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
14. Blau, Joshua, A Grammar of Christian Arabic Based Mainly on South-Palestinian Texts from the first Millenium, 3 volumes. Vol. 267; 276; 279 of Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. Vol. 27-29 of Subsidia. Louvain: Secretariat du CorpusSCO, 1966-1967.
15. -. "The Linguistic Character of Early Muslim Middle Arabic." In: Blau, Joshua, The Emergence and Linguistic Background of Judaeo-Arabic: a Study of the Origins of Middle Arabic. 2nd Edition with Addenda and Corrigenda, 123-132; 239-242 (= Appendix 1). Jerusalem: Ben Zvi Institute, 1981.
16. -. A Handbook of Early Middle Arabic. Vol. 6 of The Max Schloessinger Memorial Series Monographs. Jerusalem: Max Schloesinger Memorial Foundation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2002.
17. Cadell, Helene. "Nouveaux fragments de la correspondance de Kurrah ben Sharik." In: Recherches de Papyrologie, Vol. 4. Vol. 36 of Publications de la Faculte des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Paris-Sorbonne, Serie Recherches. Fascicule 5 of Travaux de l'Institut de Papyrologie de Paris, 107-160. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1968.
18. Deroche, Francois. Manuel de codicologie des manuscrits en ecriture arabe, a vol. of Etudes et recherches. Paris: Bibliotheque nationale de France, 2000.
19. Diem, Werner. "Die nabataischen Inschriften und die Frage der Kasusflexion im Altarabischen," Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft 123 (1973) 227-237.
20. -. "Some Glimpses at the Rise and Early Development of the Arabic Orthography," Orientalia 45 (1976): 251-261.
21. -. "Untersuchungen zur fruhen Geschichte der arabischen Orthographie," Orientalia [1:] 48 (1979) 207-257; [2:] 49 (1980) 67-106; [3:] 50 (1981) 332-383; [4:] 52 (1983) 257-404.
22. -. "Die Entwicklung der arabischen Orthographie." In:Grundriss der arabischen Philologie. Vol. 1: Sprachwissenschaft , ed. Wolfdietrich Fischer, 184-190. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1982.
23. -. "Philologisches zu den arabischen Aphrodito-Papyri," Der Islam 61 (1984a): 68-273.
24. -. "Einige fruhe amtliche Urkunden aus der Sammlung Papyrus Erhzerzog Rainer (Wien)," Le Museon 97 (1984b), 109-158.
25. -. "Vom Altarabischen zum Neuarabischen: ein neuer Ansatz." In:Semitic Studies in Honor of Wolf Leslau . . ., Vol. 1 , ed. Alan SKaye, 297-308. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1991a.
26. -. Arabische Briefe auf Papyrus und Papier der Heidelberger Papyrus-Sammlung. A vol. of [Publications of the] Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse. Kommission fur Papyrus-Editionen. 2 vols. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1991b.
27. Endress, Gerhard. "Herkunft und Entwicklung der arabischen Schrift" In:Grundriss der arabischen Philologie. Vol. 1: Sprachwissenschaft , ed. Wolfdietrich Fischer, 165-183; 190-197. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1982.
28. Ettinghausen, Richard. "Arabic Epigraphy: Communication or Symbolic Affirmation." In:Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History: Studies in Honor of George C. Miles , ed. Dickran K. Kouymjian, 297-317. Beirut: American University of Beirut, 1974.
29. Fischer, Wolfdietrich"Orthographie in ihrem Verhaltnis zu Phonologie und Morphologie im Klassischen Arabisch," Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 15 (1992) 134-148.
30. Grand'Henry, Jacques. "Christian Middle Arabic." In:Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, Vol. 1 , ed. Kees Versteegh, 583-587. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
31. Grohmann, Adolf. Allgemeine Einfuhrung in die arabischen Papyri. Vol. 1,1 of Corpus Papyrorum Raineri Archiducis Austriae. III: Series Arabica. Vienna: Burgverlag Ferdinand Zollner, 1924.
32. -. "Apercu de papyrologie arabe," Etudes de papyrologie 1 (1932) 23-95; 9 pl.
33. -. "Ein Qorra-Brief vom Jahre 90 H." In: Aus funf Jahrtausenden morgenlandischer Kultur: Festschrift Max Freiherr von Oppenheimer zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet von Freunden und Mitarbeitern, [ed. Ernst F. Weidner]. Beiband 1 of Archiv fur Orientforschung, 37-40. Berlin: Weidner, 1933/Reprint Osnabruck: Biblio-Verlag, 1977.
34. -. Arabic Papyri in the Egyptian Library, 6 vol. Cairo: Egyptian Library Press, 1934-1962.
35. -. From the World of Arabic Papyri. Cairo: Royal Society of Historical Studies, 1952.
36. -. Einfuhrung und Chrestomathie zur arabischen Papyruskunde. Vol. 1: Einfuhrung. Vol. 13,1 of Monografie Archivu Orientalniho, Prague: Statni Pedagogicke Nakladalstvi, 1954.
37. -. "The Problem of Dating Early Qur'ans," Der Islam 33 (1958) 213-231; pl. I-V.
38. -. "Zum Papyrusprotokoll in fruharabischer Zeit," Jahrbuch der Osterreichischen Byzantinischen Gesellschaft 9 (1960) 1-19.
39. -. Expedition Philby-Rickmans-Lippens en Arabie. IIe partie: Textes epigraphiques. Tome 1: Arabic inscriptions, Vol. 50 of Bibliotheque du Museon. Louvain: Publications universitaires/Leuven: Institut orientaliste, 1962.
40. -. "Arabische Papyruskunde." In: Grohmann, Adolf. Arabische Chronologie/Arabische Papyruskunde, Erganzungsband 2,1 of Handbuch der Orientalistik, 1. Abteilung. Leiden/Koln: Brill, 1966, Xf.; 49-119; pl. I-X.
41. -. Arabische Palaographie. Vol. 94 of Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse, Denkschriften, as well as vol. 1-2 of Forschungen zur Islamischen Philologie und Kulturgeschichte. 2 vol. Graz/Wien/Koln: Bohlau, 1967-1971.
42. Gruendler, Beatrice. The Development of the Arabic Scripts From the Nabatean Era to the First Islamic Century According to Dated Texts. Vol. 43 of Harvard Semitic Studies. Atlanta: Scholar Press, 1993.
43. -. "Arabic Script" In:Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an, Vol. 1 , ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe, 136-144. Leiden: Brill, 2001.
44. -. "Arabic Alphabet: Origin." In:Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, Vol. 1 , ed. Kees Versteegh, 148-165. Leiden: Brill, 2006.
45. Healey, John F. "Nabatean to Arabic: Calligraphy and Script Development Among the Pre-Islamic Arabs", Manuscripts of the Middle East 5 (1991-1992) (= The Role of the Book in the Civilisations of the Near East: Proceedings of the Conference . . . Dublin, 29 June-1 July 1988, ed. John Barlett et al.), 41-52.
46. Hirschfeld, Hartwig. "The Dot in Semitic Palaeography," Jewish Quarterly Review N.S10 (1919-1920) 159-183.
47. Hopkins, Simon. Studies in the Grammar of Early Arabic Based Upon Papyri Datable to Before 300 A.H./912 A.D. Vol. 37 of London Oriental Series. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984.
48. Houdas, O. "Essai sur l'ecriture maghrebine". In: Nouveaux melanges orientaux: memoires, texts et traductions publies par les professeurs de l'Ecole speciale des langues orientales vivantes a l'occasion du Septieme Congres internationale des orientalistes reuni a Vienne (septembre 1886). Vol. 19 of Publications de l'Ecole des langues orientales vivantes, IIe serie. Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1886, 83-112; pl. I-III.
49. Hoyland, Robert G. "New Documentary Texts and the Early Islamic State", Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Research 69 (2006) 395-416.
50. Jeffery, Arthur. Review of "Abbott, Nabia. The Rise of the North Arabic Script and its Kur'anic Development . . .," Muslim World 30 (1940) 191-198.
51. Jernstedt, Peter. Die Kome-Aphrodito Papyri der Sammlung Lichačov. Vol. 4 of Papyri russischer und georgischer Sammlungen [P.Ross.-Georg.]. Tiflis: Universitats-Lithographie, 1927/Reprint Amsterdam: Hakkert, 1966.
52. Jones, Alan. "The Dotting of a Script and the Dating of an Era: The Strange Neglect of PERF 558", Islamic Culture 72,4 (1998) 95-103.
53. Kaplony, Andreas. "The Arabic Papyrology Database Project," Bardiyyat: The Newsletter of the International Society for Arabic Papyrology 2 (2007) 1-5.
54. Kessler, Christel. " 'Abd al-Malik's Inscription in the Dome of the Rock: a Reconsideration," Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (1970) 2-14.
55. Khan, Geoffrey, "Standardisation and Variation in the Orthography of Hebrew Bible and Arabic Qur'an Manuscripts," Manuscripts of the Middle East 5 (1991-1992) (= The Role of the Book in the Civiisations of the Near East: Proceedings of the Conference . . . Dublin, 29 June- 1 July 1988, ed. John Barlett et al.), 53-58.
56. -. Arabic Documents From Early Islamic Khurasan. Vol. 5 of Studies in the Khalili Collection. London: Nour Foundation/Azimuth, 2007.
57. Kobert, R., "Zur arabischen Rechtschreibung," Orientalia N.S29 (1960) 330f.
58. Kračkovskiy, I.J. and V.A. Kračkovskaya. "Drevnejšiy Arabskiy Dokument iz Sredney Azii," In: Kračkovskiy, I. Izbrannye Sočinenija, vol. 1, Moscow: Izd. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1955, 182-212. Originally published in: Recueil Sogdien. Leningrad 1934, 52ff.
59. Kraemer, Casper J. Jr. Excavations at Nessana. Vol. 3: Non Literary Papyri. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1958.
60. Miles, George C. "Early Islamic Inscriptions Near Ta'if in the Hijaz," Journal of Near Eastern Studies 7 (1948) 236-242; pl. XVIIf.
61. Morag, Shelomo. The Vocalization Systems of Arabic, Hebrew and Aramaic: Their Phonetic and Phonemic Principles. Vol. 13 of Janua Linguarum. s-Gravenhaage: Mouton, 1962.
62. Moritz, B. (ed.), Arabic Palaeography: A Collection of Texts From the First Century of the Hidjra Till the Year 1000. Vol. 16 of Publications of the Khedivial Library Cairo, Cairo 1905.
63. Moritz, Bernhard. "Arabien. D. Arabische Schrift" In:Enzyklopaedie des Islam: geographisches, ethnographisches und biographisches Worterbuch der muhammedanischen Volker , ed. M.ThHoutsma et al., Vol. 1 (1913), 399a-410b; pl. I-X.
64. Noja Noseda, Sergio "From Syriac to Pahlavi: the Contribution of the Sassanian Iraq to the Beginning of Arabic Writing." In:Die dunklen Anfange: Neue Forschungen zur Enstehung und fruhen Geschichte des Islam , ed. Karl-Heinz Ohlig, Karl-Heinz and Gerd-Rudiger Puin, 266-292. Berlin: Hans Schiler, 2005.
65. Ragib, Yusuf. "L'ecriture des papyrus arabes aux premiers siecles de l'Islam," Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Mediterranee 58 (1991) (= Les premieres ecritures islamiques) 14-29.
66. -. "La plus ancienne lettre arabe de marchand." In:Documents de l' Islam medieval: nouvelles perspectives de recherche. Actes de la Table Ronde (Paris . . . 1988) , ed. Yusuf Ragib. Vol. 714 of Publications de l'Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale. Vol. 29 of Textes arabes et etudes islamiques, 1-9. Cairo: Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale, 1991b.
67. Revell, E.J. "The Diacritical Dots and the Development of the Arabic Alphabet," Journal of Semitic Studies 20 (1975) 178-190.
68. Robin, Christian Julien, "La reforme de l'ecriture arabe a l'epoque du califat medinois", Melanges de l' Universite Saint-Joseph (2006) 319-364.
69. Roper, G.J. "Faris al-Shidyaq and the Transition From Scribal to Print Culture in the Middle East" In:The Book in the Islamic World: the Written Word and Communication in the Middle East , ed. George N. Atiyeh, 209-231. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1995.
70. Segal, J.B. The Diacritical Point and the Accents in Syriac. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1953/Reprint Piscataway: Gorgias Press, 2004.
71. Sourdel-Thomine, J. "Khaitti: I. Dans le monde arabe." In:The Encyclopaedia of Islam: New Edition , ed. H.A.R. Gibb et al., Vol. 4 (1971), 1144b-1154b.
72. Tabbaa, Yasser. "The Transformation of Arabic Writing." Ars Orientalis [1:] 21 (1991) 119-148; [2:] 24 (1994) 119-147.
73. Troupeau, Gerard. "Ecriture et phonetique arabes." In:Melanges David Cohens: etudes sur le langage, les langues, les dialectes, les litteratures . . ., ed. Jerome Lentin and Antoine, 707-710. Paris: Maisonneuve et Larose, 2003.
74. van Berchem, Max. Materiaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum. Deuxieme partie: [b] Syrie du Sud. Jerusalem. Vol. 43-45 of Memoires de l' Institut Francais d' Archeologie Orientale du Caire, 3 vol. Cairo: Institut Francais d'Archeologie Orientale, 1922-1949.
75. van den Boogert, Nico. "Some Notes on Maghribi Script," Manuscripts of the Middle East 4 (1989) 30-43.
76. Violet, Bruno. "Ein zweisprachiges Psalmfragment aus Damascus," Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 4 (1901) 384-403; 425-441; 475-488.