메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 257-269

Meta-analytic moderators of experimental exposure to media portrayals of women on female appearance satisfaction: Social comparisons as automatic processes

Author keywords

Appearance satisfaction; Body image; Media; Meta analysis; Social comparison

Indexed keywords

BODY IMAGE; BODY WEIGHT; EGO; FEMALE; HUMAN; MASS MEDIUM; META ANALYSIS; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REVIEW; SATISFACTION; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 69449091124     PISSN: 17401445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2009.07.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (210)

References (108)
  • 2
    • 34249667558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of thin models in music videos on adolescent girls' body dissatisfaction
    • *Bell B.T., Lawton R., and Dittmar H. The impact of thin models in music videos on adolescent girls' body dissatisfaction. Body Image 4 (2007) 137-145
    • (2007) Body Image , vol.4 , pp. 137-145
    • Bell, B.T.1    Lawton, R.2    Dittmar, H.3
  • 4
    • 33746846595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can the media affect us? Social comparison, self-discrepancy, and the thin ideal
    • *Bessenoff G.R. Can the media affect us? Social comparison, self-discrepancy, and the thin ideal. Psychology of Women Quarterly 30 (2006) 239-251
    • (2006) Psychology of Women Quarterly , vol.30 , pp. 239-251
    • Bessenoff, G.R.1
  • 5
    • 14844335661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media exposure, mood, and body image dissatisfaction: An experimental test of person versus product priming
    • *Birkeland R., Thompson J.K., Herbozo S., Roehrig M., Cafri G., and van den Berg P. Media exposure, mood, and body image dissatisfaction: An experimental test of person versus product priming. Body Image 2 (2005) 53-61
    • (2005) Body Image , vol.2 , pp. 53-61
    • Birkeland, R.1    Thompson, J.K.2    Herbozo, S.3    Roehrig, M.4    Cafri, G.5    van den Berg, P.6
  • 7
    • 44449087394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unconscious and spontaneous and... complex: The three selves model of social comparison assimilation and contrast
    • Blanton H., and Stapel D.A. Unconscious and spontaneous and... complex: The three selves model of social comparison assimilation and contrast. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 94 (2008) 1018-1032
    • (2008) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.94 , pp. 1018-1032
    • Blanton, H.1    Stapel, D.A.2
  • 8
    • 31144444053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Think "thin" and feel bad: The role of appearance schema activation, attention level, and thin-ideal internalization for young women's responses to ultra-thin media ideals
    • Brown A., and Dittmar H. Think "thin" and feel bad: The role of appearance schema activation, attention level, and thin-ideal internalization for young women's responses to ultra-thin media ideals. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 24 (2005) 1088-1113
    • (2005) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.24 , pp. 1088-1113
    • Brown, A.1    Dittmar, H.2
  • 9
    • 0025100391 scopus 로고
    • Attitudinal body-image assessment: Factor analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire
    • Brown T.A., Cash T.F., and Mikulka P.J. Attitudinal body-image assessment: Factor analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment 55 (1990) 135-144
    • (1990) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.55 , pp. 135-144
    • Brown, T.A.1    Cash, T.F.2    Mikulka, P.J.3
  • 11
    • 0345291270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive-behavioral perspectives on body image
    • Cash T.F., and Pruzinsky T. (Eds), Guilford Press, New York
    • Cash T.F. Cognitive-behavioral perspectives on body image. In: Cash T.F., and Pruzinsky T. (Eds). Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (2002), Guilford Press, New York 38-46
    • (2002) Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice , pp. 38-46
    • Cash, T.F.1
  • 12
    • 0036276003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond body image as a trait: The development and validation of the Body Image States Scale
    • Cash T.F., Fleming E.C., Alindogan J., Steadman L., and Whitehead A. Beyond body image as a trait: The development and validation of the Body Image States Scale. Eating Disorders 10 (2002) 103-113
    • (2002) Eating Disorders , vol.10 , pp. 103-113
    • Cash, T.F.1    Fleming, E.C.2    Alindogan, J.3    Steadman, L.4    Whitehead, A.5
  • 13
    • 0000480872 scopus 로고
    • "Mirror, mirror, on the wall...?": Contrast effects and self-evaluations of physical attractiveness
    • *Cash T.F., Cash D.W., and Butters J.W. "Mirror, mirror, on the wall...?": Contrast effects and self-evaluations of physical attractiveness. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 9 (1983) 351-358
    • (1983) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.9 , pp. 351-358
    • Cash, T.F.1    Cash, D.W.2    Butters, J.W.3
  • 14
    • 0000683463 scopus 로고
    • The development and validation of the Body-Image Ideals Questionnaire
    • Cash T.F., and Szymanski M.L. The development and validation of the Body-Image Ideals Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment 64 (1995) 466-477
    • (1995) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.64 , pp. 466-477
    • Cash, T.F.1    Szymanski, M.L.2
  • 16
    • 0033016979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the media on body satisfaction in adolescent girls
    • *Champion H., and Furnham A. The effect of the media on body satisfaction in adolescent girls. European Eating Disorders Review 7 (1999) 213-228
    • (1999) European Eating Disorders Review , vol.7 , pp. 213-228
    • Champion, H.1    Furnham, A.2
  • 17
    • 30444451473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body image and self-esteem among adolescent girls: Testing the influence of sociocultural factors
    • *Clay D., Vignoles V.L., and Dittmar H. Body image and self-esteem among adolescent girls: Testing the influence of sociocultural factors. Journal of Research on Adolescence 15 (2005) 451-477
    • (2005) Journal of Research on Adolescence , vol.15 , pp. 451-477
    • Clay, D.1    Vignoles, V.L.2    Dittmar, H.3
  • 19
    • 84893342420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For better or worse: The impact of upward social comparison on self-evaluations
    • Collins R.L. For better or worse: The impact of upward social comparison on self-evaluations. Psychological Bulletin 119 (1996) 51-69
    • (1996) Psychological Bulletin , vol.119 , pp. 51-69
    • Collins, R.L.1
  • 21
    • 0032176030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of female body images in printed advertising on self-ratings of physical attractiveness by adolescent girls
    • *Crouch A., and Degelman D. Influence of female body images in printed advertising on self-ratings of physical attractiveness by adolescent girls. Perceptual and Motor Skills 87 (1998) 585-586
    • (1998) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.87 , pp. 585-586
    • Crouch, A.1    Degelman, D.2
  • 22
    • 0001373710 scopus 로고
    • Portrayals of women in prime-time network television: Some demographic characteristics
    • Davis D.M. Portrayals of women in prime-time network television: Some demographic characteristics. Sex Roles 23 (1990) 325-332
    • (1990) Sex Roles , vol.23 , pp. 325-332
    • Davis, D.M.1
  • 23
    • 12444273636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin-ideal internalization and social comparison tendency as moderators of media models' impact on women's body-focused anxiety
    • Dittmar H., and Howard S. Thin-ideal internalization and social comparison tendency as moderators of media models' impact on women's body-focused anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 23 (2004) 768-791
    • (2004) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 768-791
    • Dittmar, H.1    Howard, S.2
  • 24
    • 0036868161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of vulnerability to reduced body image satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in response to exposure to idealized female media images in adolescent girls
    • *Durkin S.J., and Paxton S.J. Predictors of vulnerability to reduced body image satisfaction and psychological wellbeing in response to exposure to idealized female media images in adolescent girls. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 53 (2002) 995-1005
    • (2002) Journal of Psychosomatic Research , vol.53 , pp. 995-1005
    • Durkin, S.J.1    Paxton, S.J.2
  • 25
    • 34247330596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative model of the impact of exposure to idealized female images on adolescent girls' body satisfaction
    • *Durkin S.J., Paxton S.J., and Sorbello M. An integrative model of the impact of exposure to idealized female images on adolescent girls' body satisfaction. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 37 (2007) 1092-1117
    • (2007) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 1092-1117
    • Durkin, S.J.1    Paxton, S.J.2    Sorbello, M.3
  • 26
    • 14844313640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media images of the "ideal" female body: Can acute exercise moderate their psychological impact?
    • *Fallon E.A., and Hausenblas H.A. Media images of the "ideal" female body: Can acute exercise moderate their psychological impact?. Body Image 2 (2005) 62-73
    • (2005) Body Image , vol.2 , pp. 62-73
    • Fallon, E.A.1    Hausenblas, H.A.2
  • 27
    • 4644234910 scopus 로고
    • A theory of social comparison processes
    • Festinger L. A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations 7 (1954) 117-140
    • (1954) Human Relations , vol.7 , pp. 117-140
    • Festinger, L.1
  • 28
    • 0034178163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Television situation comedies: Female weight, male negative comments, and audience reactions
    • Fouts G., and Burggraf K. Television situation comedies: Female weight, male negative comments, and audience reactions. Sex Roles 42 (2000) 925-932
    • (2000) Sex Roles , vol.42 , pp. 925-932
    • Fouts, G.1    Burggraf, K.2
  • 29
    • 84948889428 scopus 로고
    • The Body Esteem Scale: A convergent and discriminant validity study
    • Franzoi S.L., and Herzog M.E. The Body Esteem Scale: A convergent and discriminant validity study. Journal of Personality Assessment 50 (1986) 24-31
    • (1986) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.50 , pp. 24-31
    • Franzoi, S.L.1    Herzog, M.E.2
  • 31
    • 0021207060 scopus 로고
    • The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population
    • Franzoi S.L., and Shields S.A. The Body Esteem Scale: Multidimensional structure and sex differences in a college population. Journal of Personality Assessment 48 (1984) 173-178
    • (1984) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.48 , pp. 173-178
    • Franzoi, S.L.1    Shields, S.A.2
  • 32
    • 0142215934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A content analysis of prime time commercials: A contextual framework of gender representation
    • Ganahl D.J., Prinsen T.J., and Netzley S.B. A content analysis of prime time commercials: A contextual framework of gender representation. Sex Roles 49 (2003) 545-551
    • (2003) Sex Roles , vol.49 , pp. 545-551
    • Ganahl, D.J.1    Prinsen, T.J.2    Netzley, S.B.3
  • 34
    • 0020283669 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a multidimensional eating disorder inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia
    • Garner D.M., Olmstead P., and Polivy J. Development and validation of a multidimensional eating disorder inventory for anorexia nervosa and bulimia. International Journal of Eating Disorders 2 (1983) 15-34
    • (1983) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.2 , pp. 15-34
    • Garner, D.M.1    Olmstead, P.2    Polivy, J.3
  • 36
    • 43049177874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies
    • Grabe S., Ward L.M., and Hyde J.S. The role of the media in body image concerns among women: A meta-analysis of experimental and correlational studies. Psychological Bulletin 134 (2008) 460-476
    • (2008) Psychological Bulletin , vol.134 , pp. 460-476
    • Grabe, S.1    Ward, L.M.2    Hyde, J.S.3
  • 37
    • 0036135806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: A meta-analytic review
    • Groesz L.M., Levine M.P., and Murnen S.K. The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: A meta-analytic review. International Journal of Eating Disorders 31 (2002) 1-16
    • (2002) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.31 , pp. 1-16
    • Groesz, L.M.1    Levine, M.P.2    Murnen, S.K.3
  • 38
  • 39
    • 1642338002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does size matter? The impact of model's body size on women's body-focused anxiety and advertising effectiveness
    • Halliwell E., and Dittmar H. Does size matter? The impact of model's body size on women's body-focused anxiety and advertising effectiveness. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 23 (2004) 104-122
    • (2004) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 104-122
    • Halliwell, E.1    Dittmar, H.2
  • 40
    • 26444573159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of advertisements featuring ultra-thin or average-size models on women with a history of eating disorders
    • Halliwell E., Dittmar H., and Howe J. The impact of advertisements featuring ultra-thin or average-size models on women with a history of eating disorders. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 15 (2005) 406-413
    • (2005) Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 406-413
    • Halliwell, E.1    Dittmar, H.2    Howe, J.3
  • 41
    • 33847755950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of media effects on body dissatisfaction in European American women
    • *Hamilton E.A., Mintz L., and Kashubeck-West S. Predictors of media effects on body dissatisfaction in European American women. Sex Roles 56 (2007) 397-402
    • (2007) Sex Roles , vol.56 , pp. 397-402
    • Hamilton, E.A.1    Mintz, L.2    Kashubeck-West, S.3
  • 42
    • 0027158230 scopus 로고
    • Media influences on body size estimation in anorexia and bulimia: An experimental study
    • Hamilton K., and Waller G. Media influences on body size estimation in anorexia and bulimia: An experimental study. British Journal of Psychiatry 162 (1993) 837-840
    • (1993) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.162 , pp. 837-840
    • Hamilton, K.1    Waller, G.2
  • 43
    • 0037864117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of television commercials on mood and body dissatisfaction: The role of appearance-schema activation
    • *Hargreaves D., and Tiggemann M. The effect of television commercials on mood and body dissatisfaction: The role of appearance-schema activation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 21 (2002) 287-308
    • (2002) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 287-308
    • Hargreaves, D.1    Tiggemann, M.2
  • 44
    • 0042710696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of "thin ideal" television commercials on body dissatisfaction and schema activation during early adolescence
    • Hargreaves D., and Tiggemann M. The effect of "thin ideal" television commercials on body dissatisfaction and schema activation during early adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 32 (2003) 367-373
    • (2003) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.32 , pp. 367-373
    • Hargreaves, D.1    Tiggemann, M.2
  • 45
    • 10944254695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idealized media images and adolescent body image: "comparing" boys and girls
    • *Hargreaves D.A., and Tiggemann M. Idealized media images and adolescent body image: "comparing" boys and girls. Body Image 1 (2004) 351-361
    • (2004) Body Image , vol.1 , pp. 351-361
    • Hargreaves, D.A.1    Tiggemann, M.2
  • 46
    • 42149186968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of thin ideal media images on women's self-objectification, mood, and body image
    • *Harper B., and Tiggemann M. The effect of thin ideal media images on women's self-objectification, mood, and body image. Sex Roles 58 (2008) 649-657
    • (2008) Sex Roles , vol.58 , pp. 649-657
    • Harper, B.1    Tiggemann, M.2
  • 52
    • 0001044839 scopus 로고
    • Distribution theory for Glass's estimator of effect size and related estimators
    • Hedges L.V. Distribution theory for Glass's estimator of effect size and related estimators. Journal of Educational Statistics 6 (1981) 107-128
    • (1981) Journal of Educational Statistics , vol.6 , pp. 107-128
    • Hedges, L.V.1
  • 53
    • 21844490143 scopus 로고
    • Body image and televised images of thinness and attractiveness: A controlled laboratory investigation
    • *Heinberg L.J., and Thompson J.K. Body image and televised images of thinness and attractiveness: A controlled laboratory investigation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 14 (1995) 325-338
    • (1995) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 325-338
    • Heinberg, L.J.1    Thompson, J.K.2
  • 54
    • 0035599607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media images and women's self-evaluations: Social context and importance of attractiveness as moderators
    • *Henderson-King D., Henderson-King E., and Hoffmann L. Media images and women's self-evaluations: Social context and importance of attractiveness as moderators. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 27 (2001) 1407-1416
    • (2001) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.27 , pp. 1407-1416
    • Henderson-King, D.1    Henderson-King, E.2    Hoffmann, L.3
  • 56
    • 41549159426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investment in body image for self-definition results in greater vulnerability to the thin media than does investment in appearance management
    • *Ip K., and Jarry J.L. Investment in body image for self-definition results in greater vulnerability to the thin media than does investment in appearance management. Body Image 5 (2008) 59-69
    • (2008) Body Image , vol.5 , pp. 59-69
    • Ip, K.1    Jarry, J.L.2
  • 57
    • 0000140868 scopus 로고
    • Mirror images: Effects of the standard of beauty on the self- and body-esteem of women exhibiting varying levels of bulimic symptoms
    • *Irving L.M. Mirror images: Effects of the standard of beauty on the self- and body-esteem of women exhibiting varying levels of bulimic symptoms. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 9 (1990) 230-242
    • (1990) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.9 , pp. 230-242
    • Irving, L.M.1
  • 59
    • 0036274691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-attentive exposure to the thin female beauty ideal does not affect women's mood, self-esteem and eating behaviour
    • Jansen A., and de Vries M. Pre-attentive exposure to the thin female beauty ideal does not affect women's mood, self-esteem and eating behaviour. European Eating Disorders Review 10 (2002) 208-217
    • (2002) European Eating Disorders Review , vol.10 , pp. 208-217
    • Jansen, A.1    de Vries, M.2
  • 60
    • 33847321146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-esteem threat combined with exposure to thin media images leads to body image compensatory self-enhancement
    • *Jarry J.L., and Kossert A.L. Self-esteem threat combined with exposure to thin media images leads to body image compensatory self-enhancement. Body Image 4 (2007) 39-50
    • (2007) Body Image , vol.4 , pp. 39-50
    • Jarry, J.L.1    Kossert, A.L.2
  • 63
    • 41549132196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of appearance-related TV commercials on body image state
    • Legenbauer T., Rühl I., and Vocks S. Influence of appearance-related TV commercials on body image state. Behavior Modification 32 (2008) 352-371
    • (2008) Behavior Modification , vol.32 , pp. 352-371
    • Legenbauer, T.1    Rühl, I.2    Vocks, S.3
  • 64
    • 34548842774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin-ideal media and women's body dissatisfaction: Prevention using downward social comparisons on non-appearance dimensions
    • Lew A.M., Mann T., Myers H., Taylor S., and Bower J. Thin-ideal media and women's body dissatisfaction: Prevention using downward social comparisons on non-appearance dimensions. Sex Roles 57 (2007) 543-556
    • (2007) Sex Roles , vol.57 , pp. 543-556
    • Lew, A.M.1    Mann, T.2    Myers, H.3    Taylor, S.4    Bower, J.5
  • 66
    • 0039384012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stuck in the model trap: The effects of beautiful models in ads on female pre-adolescents and adolescents
    • *Martin M.C., and Gentry J.W. Stuck in the model trap: The effects of beautiful models in ads on female pre-adolescents and adolescents. Journal of Advertising 26 (1997) 19-33
    • (1997) Journal of Advertising , vol.26 , pp. 19-33
    • Martin, M.C.1    Gentry, J.W.2
  • 67
    • 84986860238 scopus 로고
    • Advertising and social comparison: Consequences for female preadolescents and adolescents
    • *Martin M.C., and Kennedy P.F. Advertising and social comparison: Consequences for female preadolescents and adolescents. Psychology and Marketing 10 (1993) 513-530
    • (1993) Psychology and Marketing , vol.10 , pp. 513-530
    • Martin, M.C.1    Kennedy, P.F.2
  • 68
    • 34250809554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a reality TV cosmetic surgery makeover program on eating disordered attitudes and behaviors
    • *Mazzeo S.E., Trace S.E., Mitchell K.S., and Gow R.W. Effects of a reality TV cosmetic surgery makeover program on eating disordered attitudes and behaviors. Eating Behaviors 8 (2007) 390-397
    • (2007) Eating Behaviors , vol.8 , pp. 390-397
    • Mazzeo, S.E.1    Trace, S.E.2    Mitchell, K.S.3    Gow, R.W.4
  • 70
    • 23044533404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exposure to thin media images: Evidence of self-enhancement among restrained eaters
    • *Mills J.S., Polivy J., Herman C.P., and Tiggemann M. Effects of exposure to thin media images: Evidence of self-enhancement among restrained eaters. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 28 (2002) 1687-1699
    • (2002) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.28 , pp. 1687-1699
    • Mills, J.S.1    Polivy, J.2    Herman, C.P.3    Tiggemann, M.4
  • 72
    • 21744453133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media-portrayed idealized images, body shame, and appearance anxiety
    • Monro F., and Huon G. Media-portrayed idealized images, body shame, and appearance anxiety. International Journal of Eating Disorders 38 (2005) 85-90
    • (2005) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.38 , pp. 85-90
    • Monro, F.1    Huon, G.2
  • 74
    • 0029795910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of the media on body satisfaction: The role of gender and size
    • *Ogden J., and Mundray K. The effect of the media on body satisfaction: The role of gender and size. European Eating Disorders Review 4 (1996) 171-182
    • (1996) European Eating Disorders Review , vol.4 , pp. 171-182
    • Ogden, J.1    Mundray, K.2
  • 75
    • 0032371714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to media images of female attractiveness and concern with body weight among young women
    • *Posavac H.D., Posavac S.S., and Posavac E.J. Exposure to media images of female attractiveness and concern with body weight among young women. Sex Roles 38 (1998) 187-201
    • (1998) Sex Roles , vol.38 , pp. 187-201
    • Posavac, H.D.1    Posavac, S.S.2    Posavac, E.J.3
  • 76
    • 0035600152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing the impact of media images on women at risk for body image disturbance: Three targeted interventions
    • *Posavac H.D., Posavac S.S., and Weigel R.G. Reducing the impact of media images on women at risk for body image disturbance: Three targeted interventions. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 20 (2001) 324-340
    • (2001) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 324-340
    • Posavac, H.D.1    Posavac, S.S.2    Weigel, R.G.3
  • 77
    • 0025951510 scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS)
    • Reed D.L., Thompson J.K., Brannick M.T., and Sacco W.P. Development and validation of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS). Journal of Anxiety Disorders 5 (1991) 323-332
    • (1991) Journal of Anxiety Disorders , vol.5 , pp. 323-332
    • Reed, D.L.1    Thompson, J.K.2    Brannick, M.T.3    Sacco, W.P.4
  • 78
    • 0001781247 scopus 로고
    • Social comparison and the idealized images of advertising
    • *Richins M.L. Social comparison and the idealized images of advertising. Journal of Consumer Research 18 (1991) 71-83
    • (1991) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.18 , pp. 71-83
    • Richins, M.L.1
  • 79
    • 84937288622 scopus 로고
    • Social comparison, advertising, and consumer discontent
    • Richins M.L. Social comparison, advertising, and consumer discontent. American Behavioral Scientist 38 (1995) 593-607
    • (1995) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.38 , pp. 593-607
    • Richins, M.L.1
  • 80
    • 0028967216 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fashion magazines on body dissatisfaction and eating psychopathology in adolescent and adult females
    • *Shaw J. Effects of fashion magazines on body dissatisfaction and eating psychopathology in adolescent and adult females. European Eating Disorders Review 3 (1995) 15-23
    • (1995) European Eating Disorders Review , vol.3 , pp. 15-23
    • Shaw, J.1
  • 81
    • 0033106519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition and respect: A content analysis of prime-time television characters across three decades
    • Signorielli N., and Bacue A. Recognition and respect: A content analysis of prime-time television characters across three decades. Sex Roles 40 (1999) 527-544
    • (1999) Sex Roles , vol.40 , pp. 527-544
    • Signorielli, N.1    Bacue, A.2
  • 83
    • 84963254144 scopus 로고
    • Development and preliminary validation of the Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS)
    • Slade P.D., Dewey M.E., Newton T., Brodie D., and Kiemle G. Development and preliminary validation of the Body Satisfaction Scale (BSS). Psychology and Health 4 (1990) 213-220
    • (1990) Psychology and Health , vol.4 , pp. 213-220
    • Slade, P.D.1    Dewey, M.E.2    Newton, T.3    Brodie, D.4    Kiemle, G.5
  • 84
    • 33646021597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive and negative media image effects on the self
    • *Smeesters D., and Mandel N. Positive and negative media image effects on the self. Journal of Consumer Research 32 (2006) 576-582
    • (2006) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.32 , pp. 576-582
    • Smeesters, D.1    Mandel, N.2
  • 85
    • 7444226860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From seeing to being: Subliminal social comparisons affect implicit and explicit self-evaluations
    • Stapel D.A., and Blanton H. From seeing to being: Subliminal social comparisons affect implicit and explicit self-evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87 (2004) 468-481
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.87 , pp. 468-481
    • Stapel, D.A.1    Blanton, H.2
  • 86
    • 2442488132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defensive social comparisons and the constraints of reality
    • Stapel D.A., and Schwinghammer S.A. Defensive social comparisons and the constraints of reality. Social Cognition 22 (2004) 147-167
    • (2004) Social Cognition , vol.22 , pp. 147-167
    • Stapel, D.A.1    Schwinghammer, S.A.2
  • 87
    • 21844517116 scopus 로고
    • Adverse effects of the media portrayed thin-ideal on women and linkages to bulimic symptomatology
    • *Stice E., and Shaw H.E. Adverse effects of the media portrayed thin-ideal on women and linkages to bulimic symptomatology. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 13 (1994) 288-308
    • (1994) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 288-308
    • Stice, E.1    Shaw, H.E.2
  • 89
    • 33746909523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing to perfection: How cultural norms for appearance affect social comparisons and self-image
    • *Strahan E.J., Wilson A.E., Cressman K.E., and Buote V.M. Comparing to perfection: How cultural norms for appearance affect social comparisons and self-image. Body Image 3 (2006) 211-227
    • (2006) Body Image , vol.3 , pp. 211-227
    • Strahan, E.J.1    Wilson, A.E.2    Cressman, K.E.3    Buote, V.M.4
  • 90
    • 6344265249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No longer just a pretty face: Fashion magazines' depiction of ideal female beauty from 1959 to 1999
    • Sypeck M.F., Gray J.J., and Ahrens A.H. No longer just a pretty face: Fashion magazines' depiction of ideal female beauty from 1959 to 1999. International Journal of Eating Disorders 36 (2004) 342-347
    • (2004) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.36 , pp. 342-347
    • Sypeck, M.F.1    Gray, J.J.2    Ahrens, A.H.3
  • 91
    • 84972766387 scopus 로고
    • TV beauty ads and role expectations of adolescent female viewers
    • Tan A.S. TV beauty ads and role expectations of adolescent female viewers. Journalism Quarterly 56 (1979) 283-288
    • (1979) Journalism Quarterly , vol.56 , pp. 283-288
    • Tan, A.S.1
  • 92
    • 77957024810 scopus 로고
    • Toward a self-evaluative maintenance model of social behavior
    • Berkowitz L. (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
    • Tesser A. Toward a self-evaluative maintenance model of social behavior. In: Berkowitz L. (Ed). Advances in experimental social psychology Vol. 21 (1988), Academic Press, San Diego, CA 181-227
    • (1988) Advances in experimental social psychology , vol.21 , pp. 181-227
    • Tesser, A.1
  • 95
    • 0036338287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivations for reading beauty and fashion magazines and anorexic risk in college-aged women
    • Thomsen S.R., McCoy J.K., Gustafson R.L., and Williams M. Motivations for reading beauty and fashion magazines and anorexic risk in college-aged women. Media Psychology 4 (2002) 113-135
    • (2002) Media Psychology , vol.4 , pp. 113-135
    • Thomsen, S.R.1    McCoy, J.K.2    Gustafson, R.L.3    Williams, M.4
  • 96
    • 0040745491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physique contrast effect: Adverse impact of idealized body images for women
    • *Thornton B., and Maurice J. Physique contrast effect: Adverse impact of idealized body images for women. Sex Roles 37 (1997) 433-439
    • (1997) Sex Roles , vol.37 , pp. 433-439
    • Thornton, B.1    Maurice, J.2
  • 97
    • 0033084357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical attractiveness contrast effect and the moderating influence of self-consciousness
    • *Thornton B., and Maurice J.K. Physical attractiveness contrast effect and the moderating influence of self-consciousness. Sex Roles 40 (1999) 379-392
    • (1999) Sex Roles , vol.40 , pp. 379-392
    • Thornton, B.1    Maurice, J.K.2
  • 98
    • 21144479845 scopus 로고
    • Physical attractiveness contrast effect: Implications for self-esteem and evaluations of the social self
    • Thornton B., and Moore S. Physical attractiveness contrast effect: Implications for self-esteem and evaluations of the social self. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 19 (1993) 474-480
    • (1993) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.19 , pp. 474-480
    • Thornton, B.1    Moore, S.2
  • 99
    • 0141682314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media exposure, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Television and magazines are not the same
    • Tiggemann M. Media exposure, body dissatisfaction and disordered eating: Television and magazines are not the same. European Eating Disorders Review 11 (2003) 418-430
    • (2003) European Eating Disorders Review , vol.11 , pp. 418-430
    • Tiggemann, M.1
  • 100
    • 1642313694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of social comparison in the effect of magazine advertisements on women's mood and body dissatisfaction
    • *Tiggemann M., and McGill B. The role of social comparison in the effect of magazine advertisements on women's mood and body dissatisfaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 23 (2004) 23-44
    • (2004) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.23 , pp. 23-44
    • Tiggemann, M.1    McGill, B.2
  • 101
    • 0346100552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin ideals in music television: A source of social comparison and body dissatisfaction
    • *Tiggemann M., and Slater A. Thin ideals in music television: A source of social comparison and body dissatisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders 35 (2004) 48-58
    • (2004) International Journal of Eating Disorders , vol.35 , pp. 48-58
    • Tiggemann, M.1    Slater, A.2
  • 102
    • 33846025400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On models and vases: Body dissatisfaction and proneness to social comparison effects
    • *Trampe D., Stapel D.A., and Siero F.W. On models and vases: Body dissatisfaction and proneness to social comparison effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 92 (2007) 106-118
    • (2007) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.92 , pp. 106-118
    • Trampe, D.1    Stapel, D.A.2    Siero, F.W.3
  • 103
    • 55449102795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media influences on body satisfaction in female students
    • *Tucci S., and Peters J. Media influences on body satisfaction in female students. Psicothema 20 (2008) 521-524
    • (2008) Psicothema , vol.20 , pp. 521-524
    • Tucci, S.1    Peters, J.2
  • 104
    • 0031216332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of fashion magazines on the body image satisfaction of college women: An exploratory analysis
    • *Turner S.L., Hamilton H., Jacobs M., Angood L.M., and Dwyer D.H. The influence of fashion magazines on the body image satisfaction of college women: An exploratory analysis. Adolescence 32 (1997) 603-614
    • (1997) Adolescence , vol.32 , pp. 603-614
    • Turner, S.L.1    Hamilton, H.2    Jacobs, M.3    Angood, L.M.4    Dwyer, D.H.5
  • 105
    • 33847255944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-schema and social comparison explanations of body dissatisfaction: A laboratory investigation
    • *van den Berg P., and Thompson J.K. Self-schema and social comparison explanations of body dissatisfaction: A laboratory investigation. Body Image 4 (2007) 29-38
    • (2007) Body Image , vol.4 , pp. 29-38
    • van den Berg, P.1    Thompson, J.K.2
  • 106
    • 0000020136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of media images of super-slender women on women's self-esteem: Identification, social comparison, and self-perception
    • *Wilcox K., and Laird J.D. The impact of media images of super-slender women on women's self-esteem: Identification, social comparison, and self-perception. Journal of Research in Personality 34 (2000) 278-286
    • (2000) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.34 , pp. 278-286
    • Wilcox, K.1    Laird, J.D.2
  • 107
    • 58149368448 scopus 로고
    • Theory and research concerning social comparisons of personal attributes
    • Wood J.V. Theory and research concerning social comparisons of personal attributes. Psychological Bulletin 106 (1989) 231-248
    • (1989) Psychological Bulletin , vol.106 , pp. 231-248
    • Wood, J.V.1
  • 108
    • 14844298607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women's exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images: Body image effects of media-ideal internalization and impact-reduction interventions
    • *Yamamiya Y., Cash T.F., Melnyk S.E., Posavac H.D., and Posavac S.S. Women's exposure to thin-and-beautiful media images: Body image effects of media-ideal internalization and impact-reduction interventions. Body Image 2 (2005) 74-80
    • (2005) Body Image , vol.2 , pp. 74-80
    • Yamamiya, Y.1    Cash, T.F.2    Melnyk, S.E.3    Posavac, H.D.4    Posavac, S.S.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.