The effects of taxes and organizational variables on research and development intensity

R and D Management

Volumn 29, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 289-302

  Billings, B Anthony ^a   Fried, Yitzhak ^a  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 6944246713     PISSN: 00336807     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1467-9310.00137     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Altshuler, R. (1988) A dynamic analysis of the research and experimentation credit. National Tax Journal, 41, 4, 453-466.
2. Auquier, A. and Caves, R. (1979) Monopolistic export industries, trade taxes, and optimal competition policy. Economic Journal, 89, September, 559-581.
3. Baysinger, B. and Hoskisson, R. (1989) Diversification strategy and R&D intensity in multiproduct firms. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 2, 310-332.
4. Billings, B.A. and McGill, G. (1992) The effect of base changes in the incremental research and experimentation tax credit. Tax Notes, 54, 9, 1155-1161.
5. Bradley, M., Jarrell, G.A., and Han Kim, E. (1984) On the existence of an optimal capital structure: theory and evidence. The Journal of Finance, 39, 3, 857-878.
6. Branch, B. (1974) Research and development activity and profitability: a distributed lag analysis. Journal of Political Economy, 82, 5, 999-1011.
7. Charles River Associates (1985) An Assessment of Options for Restructuring the R&D Tax Credit to Reduce Dilution of its Marginal Incentive. Boston.
8. Cordes, J.J., Watson, H.S. and Hauger, J.S. (1987) Effects of tax reform on high technology firms. National Tax Journal, 40, 3, 373-391.
9. Dollar, D. (1986) Technological innovation, capital mobility and the product cycle in north-south trade. American Economic Review, 76, March, 177-190.
10. Elliott, J. (1971) Funds flow vs. expectational theories of research and development expenditures in the firm. Southern Economic Journal, 37, 4, 409-422.
11. Eisner, R.A. and Sullivan, M. (1984) The new incremental tax credit for R&D: incentive or dis-incentive. National Tax Journal, 37, June, 171-183.
12. Galbraith, J.K. (1967) The New Industrial State. New York: New American Library.
13. General Accounting Office (1989) Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
14. Goel, R.K. (1990) The substitutability of capital, labor and R&D in US manufacturing. Bulletin of Economic Research, 42, 3, 211-223.
15. Goto, A. and Suzuki, K. (1989) R&D capital, rate of return on R&D investment and spillover of R&D in Japanese manufacturing industries. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 71, 4, 555-564.
16. Goto, A. and Wakasugi, R. (1987) Technology policy in Japan: a short review. Technovation, 5, 4, 269-279.
17. Green, R.T. and Lutz, J.M. (1978) The role of technology in export trade. The United States and World Trade, 131-147.
18. Griliches, Z. (1979) Issues in assessing the contribution of research and development to productivity growth. Bell Journal of Economics, 10, 1, 92-116.
19. Griliches, Z. (ed.) (1984) R&D, Patents, and Productivity. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
20. Hayes, R.H. and Abernathy, W.J. (1980) Managing our way to economic decline. Harvard Business Review, 58, 67-77.
21. Heaton, H. (1987) On the bias of corporate tax against high-risk projects. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 22, 3, 366-371.
22. Hill, C.W., Hitt, M.A. and Hoskisson, R.E. (1988) Declining US competitiveness: reflections on a crisis. Academy of Management Executive, 2, 1, 51-59.
23. Hill, C.W. and Snell, S.A. (1989) Effects of ownership structure and control on corporate productivity. Academy of Management Journal, 32, 1, 25-46.
24. Himmelberg, C. and Petersen, B. (1994) R&D and internal finance: a panel study of small firms in high-tech industries. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 76, 1, 38-51.
25. Hoskisson, R. and Hitt, M.A. (1988) Strategic control systems and relative R&D investment in large multi-product firms. Strategic Management Journal, 9, 6, 605-621.
26. Hoskisson, R. and Johnson, R. (1992) Corporate restructuring and strategic change: the effect on diversification strategy and R&D intensity. Strategic Management Journal, 13, 6, 625-634.
27. Kamien, M.I. and Schwartz, N.L. (1982) Market Structure and Innovation. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.
28. Kendrick, J.W. and Grossman, E.S. (1980) Productivity in the United States: Trends and Cycles. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
29. Link, A. and Long, J. (1981) The simple economics of basic scientific research: a test of Nelson's diversification hypothesis. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 30, 1, 105-109.
30. Litzenberger, R.H. and Talmor, E. (1987) The irrelevancy of corporate taxes for capital structure and investment decisions. Journal of Accounting, Auditing, and Finance, 4, 3, 305-316.
31. Lucas, R.E. (1967) Tests of a capital-theoretic model of technological change. Review of Economic Studies, 34, 175-90.
32. Mansfield, E. (1986) The R&D tax credit and other technology policy issues. American Economic Review, 76, 2, 190-194.
33. Mansfield, E. (1988a) The speed and cost of industrial innovation in Japan and the United States: external vs. internal technology. Management Science, 34, 10, 1157-1168.
34. Mansfield, E. (1988b) Industrial R&D in Japan and the United States: a comparative study. American Economic Review, 78, 2, 223-228.
35. Mohnen, P.A., Nadiri, M.I. and Prucha, I.R. (1986) R&D, production structure and rates of return in the US, Japanese and German manufacturing sectors: a non-separable dynamic factor demand model. European Economic Review, 30, August, 749-771.
36. National Accounting Automated Research Service (1994) Dayton, Ohio: Mead Data Central.
37. National Science Foundation (1986) White Paper on Science and Technology. Tokyo.
38. National Science Foundation (1988) International Science and Technology Update. NSF 89-307: Washington DC.
39. National Science Foundation (1989) Research and Development in Industry. Washington DC.
40. National Science Foundation (1993) International Science and Technology Data Update: 1989. NSF 89-307, Washington DC.
41. Nelson, R.R. (1959) The simple economics of basic scientific research. Journal of Political Economy, 67, 3, 297-306.
42. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (1990) Public Law No. 101-508.
43. Public Law 97-34 (1981) General Explanation of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. H.R. 4242.
44. Rasmussen, J.A. (1973) Applications of a model of endogenous technical change to US industry data. Review of Economic Studies, 40, 2, 225-238.
45. SAS Institute Inc. (1997).
46. Schankerman, M. and Nadiri, M.I. (1986) A test of static equilibrium models and rates of return to quasi-fixed factors with an application to the bell system. Journal of Econometrics, 33, October/November, 97-118.
47. Scherer, F.M. (1982) Inter-industry technology flows and productivity growth. Review of Economics and Statistics, 64, 4, 627-634.
48. Soete, L.G. (1979) Firm size and inventive activity: the evidence reconsidered. European Economic Review, 12, 4, 319-40.
49. Standard and Poor's COMPOSTAT Data (1996).
50. Tillinger, J.W. (1991) Analysis of the effectiveness of the research and experimentation tax credit in a q Model of valuation. Journal of the American Taxation Association, 1-29.
51. Titman, S. (1984) The effect of capital structure on a firm's liquidation decision. Journal of Financial Economics, 13, 1, 137-151.
52. Titman, S. and Wessels, R. (1988) The determinants of capital structure choice. Journal of Finance, 43, 1, 1-19.
53. Vernon, R. (1966) International investment and international trade in the product cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80, Spring, 190-207.
54. Williamson, O.E. (1975) Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications. New York: MacMillian Free Press.
55. Williamson, O.E. (1985) The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, and Relational Contracting. New York: MacMillan Free Press.
56. Williamson, O.E. (1986) Transforming merger policy: the pound of new perspectives. American Economic Review, 76, 2, 114-119.