Measuring strain distributions in the tendon using confocal microscopy and finite elements

Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design

Volumn 44, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 327-335

  Screen, H R C ^a   Evans, S L ^b  

^a QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cell; Confocal microscopy; Delaunay mesh; Fibre; Finite elements; Micromechanics; Strain; Tendon

Indexed keywords

ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES; CELL MARKERS; COLLAGEN FIBRES; COMPLEX VARIABLE; COMPRESSIVE STRAIN; CONTROL MATRICES; DELAUNAY MESH; EXTERNAL LOADS; EXTRACELLULAR MATRICES; FIBRE; FINITE ELEMENT; FINITE ELEMENTS; LARGE SHEAR; LOCAL STRAINS; MATHEMATICAL APPROACH; MATRIX; MECHANO-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION; NOVEL METHODS; OTHER APPLICATIONS; QUASI-STATIC LOADING; SAMPLE VOLUME; STRAIN DISTRIBUTIONS; STRAIN MARKERS; TENOCYTE; TISSUE SAMPLES; TRANSVERSE STRAIN; TRIANGULAR ELEMENTS;

BIOMECHANICS; CELL MEMBRANES; COMPOSITE MICROMECHANICS; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FIBERS; FINITE ELEMENT METHOD; RESIDUAL STRESSES; STRESS ANALYSIS; STRESS RELAXATION; TENDONS;

STRAIN;

EID: 69249213676     PISSN: 03093247     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1243/03093247JSA491     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Jozsa, L. and Kannus, P. Human tendons: anatomy, physiology and pathology, 1997 (Human Kinetics).
2. Ottani, V., Raspanti, M., and Ruggeri, A. Collagen structure and functional implications. Micron, 2001, 32, 251-260.
3. Kastelic, J., Galeski, A., and Baer, E. The multi-composite structure of tendon. Connective Tissue Res., 1978, 6, 11-23.
4. Silver, F. H., Freeman, J. W., and Seehra, G. P. Collagen self-assembly and the development of tendon mechanical properties. J. Biomechanics, 2003, 36(10), 1529-1553.
5. Puxkandl, R., Zizak, I., Paris, O., Keckes, J., Tesch, W., Bernstorff, S., Purslow, P. P., and Fratzl, P. Viscoelastic properties of collagen: synchrotron radiation investigations and structural model. Proc. R. Soc., Lond. B., 2002, 357, 191-197.
6. Scott, J. E. Stucture and function in extracellular matrices depend on interactions between anionic glycosaminoglycans. Pathological Biology, 2001, 49, 284-289.
7. Screen, H. R., Lee, D. A., Bader, D. L., and Shelton, J. C. An investigation into the effects of the hierarchical structure of tendon fascicles on micro-mechanical properties. Proc. IMechE, Part H: J. Engineering in Medicine, 2004, 218(H2), 109-119. DOI: 10.1243/095441104322984004.
8. Abrahams, M. Mechanical behaviour of tendon in vitro. Med. Biol. Engng, 1967, 5, 433-443.
9. Bader, D. L. and Schechtman, H. Mechanical characterisation of tendons in vitro. In Structural biological materials: design and structure - property relationships (Ed. M. Elices), 2000, pp. 161-186 (Elsevier, USA).
10. Banes, A. J., Horesovsky, G., Larson, C., Tsuzaki, M., Judex, S., Archambault, J., Zernicke, R. F., Herzog, W., Kelley, S., and Miller, L. Mechanical load stimulates expression of novel genes in vivo and in vitro in avian flexor tendon cells. Osteoar-thritis and Cartilage, 1999, 7, 141-153.
11. Benjamin, M. and Ralphs, J. R. Fibrocartilage in tendons and ligaments - an adaptation to com-pressive load. J. Anatomy, 1998, 193, 481-494.
12. Hannafin, J. A., Arnoczky, S. P., Hoonjan, A., and Torzilli, P. A. Effect of stress deprivation and cyclic tensile loading on the material and morphologic properties of canine flexor digitorum profundus tendon: an in vitro study. J. Orthopaedic Res., 1995, 13, 907-914.
13. Derwin, K. A., Soslowsky, L. J., Green, W. D. K., and Elder, S. H. A new optical system for the determination of deformations and strains: calibration characteristics and experimental results. J. Biomechanics, 1994, 27(10), 1277-1285.
14. Butler, D. L., Grood, E. S., Noyes, F. R., Zernicke, R. F., and Brackett, K. Effects of structure and strain measurement technique on the material properties of young human tendons and fascia. J. Biomechanics, 1984, 17(8), 579-596.
15. Zernicke, R. F., Butler, D. L., Grood, E. S., and Hefzy, M. S. Strain topography of human tendon and fascia. J. Biomech. Engng, 1984, 106, 177-180.
16. Arnoczky, S. P., Lavagnino, M., Whallon, J. H., and Hoonjan, A. In situ cell nucleus deformation in tendons under tensile load; a mophological analysis using confocal laser microscopy. J. Orthopaedic Res., 2002, 20, 29-35.
17. Screen, H. R. C., Lee, D. A., Bader, D. L., and Shelton, J. C. Development of a technique to determine strains in tendons using the cell nuclei. Biorheology, 2003, 40, 361-368.
18. Screen, H. R. C., Lee, D. A., Bader, D. L., and Shelton, J. C. Local strain measurement within tendon. Strain, 2004, 40(4), 157-163.
19. Screen, H. R. C. Investigating load relaxation mechanics in tendon. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., 2007, 1(1), 51-58.
20. Sachs, C., Fabritius, H., and Raabe, D. Experimental investigation of the elastic-plastic deformation of mineralized lobster cuticle by digital image correlation. J. Struct. Biol., 2006, 155(3), 409-425.
21. Zhang, J., Jin, G. C., Meng, L. B., Jian, L. H., Wang, A. Y., and Lu, S. B. Strain and mechanical behavior measurements of soft tissues with digital speckle method. J. Biomed. Opt., 2005, 10(3), 034021.
22. Irons, B. AS. Techniques of finite elements, 1980 (Ellis Horwood Ltd, Chichester).
23. Sasaki, N. and Odajima, S. Elongation mechanism of collagen fibrils and force-strain relations of tendon at each level of structural hierarchy. J. Biomechanics, 1996, 29(9), 1131-1136.
24. Kajberg, J. and Wikman, B. Viscoplastic parameter estimation by high strain-rate experiments and inverse modelling - speckle measurements and high-speed photography. Int. J. Solids Structs, 2007, 44(1), 145-164.
25. Press, W. H., Teukolsky, S. A., and Vetterling, W. T. Numerical recipes: the art of scientific computing, 2007, pp. 1141-1142 (Cambridge University Press).
26. Mulchrone, K. F. Application of Delaunay triangu-lation to the nearest neighbour method of strain analysis. J. Structural Geology, 2003, 25(5), 689-702.
27. Levesque, V. Measurement of skin deformation using fingerprint feature tracking. In Engineering, 2002 (McGill University).
28. Garcia, D., Orteu, J. J., and Penazzi, L. A combined temporal tracking and stereo-correlation technique for accurate measurement of 3D displacements: application to sheet metal forming. J. Mater. Processing Technol., 2002, 125, 736-742.
29. Dunn, M. G. and Silver, F. H. Viscoelastic behavior of human connective tissues: relative contribution of viscous and elastic components. Connect. Tissue Res., 1983, 12(1), 59-70.
30. Sarver, J. J., Robinson, P. S., and Elliot, D. M. Methods for quasi-linear viscoelastic modelling of soft tissue: application to incremental stress-relaxation experiments. J. Biomech. Engng, 2003, 125, 754-758.
31. Mosler, E., Folkhard, W., Knorzer, E., Nemetschek-Gansler, H., and Nemetschek, T. Stress-induced molecular rearrangement in tendon collagen. J. Molecular Biology, 1985, 182, 589-596.
32. Buehler, M. J. Nanomechanics of collagen fibrils under varying cross-link densities: atomistic and continuum studies. J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater., 2008, 1(1), 59-67.
33. Scott, J. E. Elasticity in extracellular matrix shape modules of tendon, cartilage, etc. A sliding proteo-glycan-filament model. J. Physiology, 2003, 55(2), 335-343.
34. Redaelli, A., Vesentini, S., Soncini, M., Vena, P., Mantero, S., and Montevecchi, F. M. Possible role of decorin glycosaminoglycans in fibril to fibril force transfer in relatively mature tendons - a computational study from molecular to micro-structural level. J. Biomechanics, 2003, 36(10), 1555-1569.
35. Vesentini, S., Redaelli, A., Soncini, M., and Montevecchi, F. M. A microstructural model of the proteoglycan-tendon fibril interaction. WCCM V, 2002, 1-9.
36. Screen, H. R., Shelton, J. C., Chhaya, V. H., Kayser, M. V., Bader, D. L., and Lee, D. A. The influence of noncollagenous matrix components on the micro-mechanical environment of tendon fascicles. Ann. Biomed. Engng, 2005, 33(8), 1090-1099.
37. Banes, A. J., Lee, G. M., Graff, R., Otey, C., Archambault, J., Tsuzaki, M., Elfervig, M., and Qi, J. Mechanical forces and signalling in connective tissue cells: cellular mechanisms of detection, transduction, and responses to mechanical deformation. Current Opinion in Orthopaedics, 2001, 12, 389-396.