메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 1, 1994, Pages 24-33

Observed fears and discomforts among urban students on field trips to wildland areas

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 69249147480     PISSN: 00958964     EISSN: 19401892     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00958964.1994.9941430     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (123)

References (78)
  • 2
    • 84906593652 scopus 로고
    • Education experiences contribute to cognitive development
    • Backman, S. J., & Crompton, J. L. (1984/85). Education experiences contribute to cognitive development. The Journal of Environmental Education, 16(2), 4-13.
    • (1984) The Journal of Environmental Education , vol.16 , Issue.2 , pp. 4-13
    • Backman, S.J.1    Crompton, J.L.2
  • 3
    • 0001557099 scopus 로고
    • A perspective on field trips: Environmental effects on learning
    • Balling, J., & Falk, J. (1980). A perspective on field trips: Environmental effects on learning. Curator, 23(4), 229-240.
    • (1980) Curator , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 229-240
    • Balling, J.1    Falk, J.2
  • 4
    • 84951586938 scopus 로고
    • Successes and failures: A review of research on outdoor field trips
    • R. W. Koopman (Ed.), Vail, CO: National Association for Interpretation
    • Bixler, R. (1991). Successes and failures: A review of research on outdoor field trips. In R. W. Koopman (Ed.), Perspectives: Strengthening our bonds (pp. 27-34). Vail, CO: National Association for Interpretation.
    • (1991) Perspectives: Strengthening Our Bonds , pp. 27-34
    • Bixler, R.1
  • 5
    • 0000696066 scopus 로고
    • Misbehavior of organisms
    • Breland, K., & Breland, M. (1961). Misbehavior of organisms. American Psychologist, 76(11), 681-684.
    • (1961) American Psychologist , vol.76 , Issue.11 , pp. 681-684
    • Breland, K.1    Breland, M.2
  • 6
    • 84945643617 scopus 로고
    • Landscape and social values in popular children’s literature: Nancy Drew mysteries
    • Brooker-Gross, S. R. (1981). Landscape and social values in popular children’s literature: Nancy Drew mysteries. Journal of Geography, 80(2), 59-64.
    • (1981) Journal of Geography , vol.80 , Issue.2 , pp. 59-64
    • Brooker-Gross, S.R.1
  • 7
    • 0018203436 scopus 로고
    • Visitors to national parks: A test of the elitism argument
    • Bultena, G. L., & Field, D. R. (1978). Visitors to national parks: A test of the elitism argument. Leisure Sciences, 1(4), 395-403.
    • (1978) Leisure Sciences , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 395-403
    • Bultena, G.L.1    Field, D.R.2
  • 8
    • 84951406561 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fictional media depictions of realistic threats on children’s emotional responses, expectations, worries and liking for related activities
    • Cantor, J., & Omdahl, B. L. (1991). Effects of fictional media depictions of realistic threats on children’s emotional responses, expectations, worries and liking for related activities. Communications Monograph, 58, 384-401.
    • (1991) Communications Monograph , vol.58 , pp. 384-401
    • Cantor, J.1    Omdahl, B.L.2
  • 9
    • 0002006410 scopus 로고
    • Children’s concern for the natural environment
    • Chawla, L. (1988). Children’s concern for the natural environment. Children’s Environments Quarterly, 3(3), 13-20.
    • (1988) Children’s Environments Quarterly , vol.3 , Issue.3 , pp. 13-20
    • Chawla, L.1
  • 10
    • 1542720533 scopus 로고
    • Roots of environmental concern
    • D. Lawrence, R. Habe, A. Hacker, & D. Sherrod (Eds.), Pomona, CA: Environmental Design Research Association
    • Chawla, L., & Hart, R. (1988). Roots of environmental concern. In D. Lawrence, R. Habe, A. Hacker, & D. Sherrod (Eds.), People’s needs/planet management: Paths to coexistence (pp. 15-18). Pomona, CA: Environmental Design Research Association.
    • (1988) People’s Needs/Planet Management: Paths to Coexistence , pp. 15-18
    • Chawla, L.1    Hart, R.2
  • 11
    • 0018203005 scopus 로고
    • Remembrance of landscapes past
    • Cooper-Marcus, C. (1978). Remembrance of landscapes past. Landscape, 22(3), 34-43.
    • (1978) Landscape , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 34-43
    • Cooper-Marcus, C.1
  • 13
    • 0020173846 scopus 로고
    • Fears and phobias in women: A community study
    • Costello, C. O. (1982). Fears and phobias in women: A community study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 91, 280-286.
    • (1982) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.91 , pp. 280-286
    • Costello, C.O.1
  • 14
    • 0014657934 scopus 로고
    • Fears of children
    • Croake, J. W. (1969). Fears of children. Human Development, 12, 239-247.
    • (1969) Human Development , vol.12 , pp. 239-247
    • Croake, J.W.1
  • 15
    • 84952121795 scopus 로고
    • Methodological problems in the study of fear
    • Croake, J. W., & Hinkle, D. E. (1976). Methodological problems in the study of fear. Journal of Psychology, 93, 197-202.
    • (1976) Journal of Psychology , vol.93 , pp. 197-202
    • Croake, J.W.1    Hinkle, D.E.2
  • 16
    • 84950461700 scopus 로고
    • Do outdoor education experiences contribute to positive development in the affective domain?
    • Crompton, J. L., & Sellar, C. (1981). Do outdoor education experiences contribute to positive development in the affective domain? The Journal of Environmental Education, 12(4), 21-29.
    • (1981) The Journal of Environmental Education , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 21-29
    • Crompton, J.L.1    Sellar, C.2
  • 17
    • 0038602436 scopus 로고
    • Content and intensity of fears in middle childhood among rural and urban boys and girls
    • Davidson, P. M., White, P. N., Smith, D. J., & Poppen, W. A. (1989). Content and intensity of fears in middle childhood among rural and urban boys and girls. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 150(1), 51-58.
    • (1989) The Journal of Genetic Psychology , vol.150 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-58
    • Davidson, P.M.1    White, P.N.2    Smith, D.J.3    Poppen, W.A.4
  • 19
    • 48949108983 scopus 로고
    • Pupils’ alternative frameworks in science
    • Driver, R. (1981). Pupils’ alternative frameworks in science. European Journal of Science Education, 5(1), 93-101.
    • (1981) European Journal of Science Education , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-101
    • Driver, R.1
  • 20
    • 0018110551 scopus 로고
    • The stability of children’s fears
    • Eme, R., & Schmidt, D. (1978). The stability of children’s fears. Child Development, 49, 1277-1279.
    • (1978) Child Development , vol.49 , pp. 1277-1279
    • Eme, R.1    Schmidt, D.2
  • 21
    • 84879257862 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the effectiveness of a local environmental center’s program for urban sixth-graders’ environmental knowledge and attitudes
    • Euler, E. (1989). A comparative study of the effectiveness of a local environmental center’s program for urban sixth-graders’ environmental knowledge and attitudes. Children’s Environments Quarterly, 6(2/3), 34-41.
    • (1989) Children’s Environments Quarterly , vol.6 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 34-41
    • Euler, E.1
  • 22
    • 84987209591 scopus 로고
    • Novel field-trip phenomenon: Adjustment to novel settings interferes with task learning
    • Falk, J., Martin, W., & Balling, J. (1978). Novel field-trip phenomenon: Adjustment to novel settings interferes with task learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 15(2), 127-134.
    • (1978) Journal of Research in Science Teaching , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-134
    • Falk, J.1    Martin, W.2    Balling, J.3
  • 23
    • 33746108715 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive psychology and interpretation: Synthesis and application
    • Ham, S. H. (1983). Cognitive psychology and interpretation: Synthesis and application. Journal of Interpretation, 5(1), 11-27.
    • (1983) Journal of Interpretation , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-27
    • Ham, S.H.1
  • 24
    • 61349154354 scopus 로고
    • A theoretical foundation for Tilden’s interpretive principles
    • Hammitt, W. E. (1981). A theoretical foundation for Tilden’s interpretive principles. Journal of Interpretation, 4(1), 9-12.
    • (1981) Journal of Interpretation , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-12
    • Hammitt, W.E.1
  • 28
    • 0020419747 scopus 로고
    • Development of a structured psychiatric interview for children: Agreement between child and parent on individual symptoms
    • Herjanic, B., & Reich, W. (1982). Development of a structured psychiatric interview for children: Agreement between child and parent on individual symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10, 41-48.
    • (1982) Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , vol.10 , pp. 41-48
    • Herjanic, B.1    Reich, W.2
  • 29
    • 84987193591 scopus 로고
    • Sex and age differences in the avoidance of reptile exhibits by zoo visitors
    • Hoff, M. P., & Maple, T. L. (1982). Sex and age differences in the avoidance of reptile exhibits by zoo visitors. Zoo Biology, 1, 263-269.
    • (1982) Zoo Biology , vol.1 , pp. 263-269
    • Hoff, M.P.1    Maple, T.L.2
  • 31
    • 0002314308 scopus 로고
    • Wayfinding in the natural environment
    • G. T. Moore & R. G. Golledge (Eds.), Stroudsburg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross
    • Kaplan, R. (1976). Wayfinding in the natural environment. In G. T. Moore & R. G. Golledge (Eds.), Environmental knowing: Theory, research, and methods. Stroudsburg, PA: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross.
    • (1976) Environmental Knowing: Theory, Research, and Methods
    • Kaplan, R.1
  • 35
    • 0000722359 scopus 로고
    • Human behavior, cognition, and affect in the natural environment
    • D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Knopf, R. C. (1987). Human behavior, cognition, and affect in the natural environment. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (pp. 783-825). New York: Wiley.
    • (1987) Handbook of Environmental Psychology , pp. 783-825
    • Knopf, R.C.1
  • 40
    • 84995159764 scopus 로고
    • Visitor behavior in the National Zoo’s Reptile House
    • Marcellini, D. L., & Jenssen, T, A. (1988). Visitor behavior in the National Zoo’s Reptile House. Zoo Biology, 7, 329-338.
    • (1988) Zoo Biology , vol.7 , pp. 329-338
    • Marcellini, D.L.1    Jenssen, T.2
  • 42
    • 0013942402 scopus 로고
    • Different ages of onset in varieties of phobias
    • Marks, I. M., & Gelder, M. G. (1966). Different ages of onset in varieties of phobias. American Journal of Psychiatry, 123, 218-221.
    • (1966) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.123 , pp. 218-221
    • Marks, I.M.1    Gelder, M.G.2
  • 43
    • 0025965058 scopus 로고
    • Test of a disease-avoiditnce model of animal phobias
    • Matchett, G., & Davey, G. (1991). Test of a disease-avoiditnce model of animal phobias. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 25(1), 91-94.
    • (1991) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 91-94
    • Matchett, G.1    Davey, G.2
  • 44
    • 0023304553 scopus 로고
    • Preparedness and phobias: A review
    • McNally, R. J. (1987). Preparedness and phobias: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 101(2), 283-303.
    • (1987) Psychological Bulletin , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 283-303
    • McNally, R.J.1
  • 45
    • 0002864565 scopus 로고
    • Red, white and black in the national parks
    • Meeker, J. W., Woods, W. K., & Lucas, W. (1973). Red, white and black in the national parks. North American Review, 258(3), 3-7.
    • (1973) North American Review , vol.258 , Issue.3 , pp. 3-7
    • Meeker, J.W.1    Woods, W.K.2    Lucas, W.3
  • 46
    • 0023256340 scopus 로고
    • Fear of animals: Correlations between fear ratings and perceived characteristics
    • Merckelbach, H., Van Den Hout, M. A., & Van Der Molen, G. M. (1987). Fear of animals: Correlations between fear ratings and perceived characteristics. Psychological Reports, 60, 1203-1209.
    • (1987) Psychological Reports , vol.60 , pp. 1203-1209
    • Merckelbach, H.1    Van Den Hout, M.A.2    Van Der Molen, G.M.3
  • 50
    • 84935502467 scopus 로고
    • Public concern and elite involvement in environmental conservation issues
    • Mohai, P. (1985). Public concern and elite involvement in environmental conservation issues. Social Science Quarterly, 66(4), 820-838.
    • (1985) Social Science Quarterly , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 820-838
    • Mohai, P.1
  • 52
    • 0005198275 scopus 로고
    • Collaborating with young people to assess their landscape values
    • Moore, R. C. (1980). Collaborating with young people to assess their landscape values. Ekistics, 281, 128-135.
    • (1980) Ekistics , vol.281 , pp. 128-135
    • Moore, R.C.1
  • 53
    • 0039309837 scopus 로고
    • What are magazine articles telling us about insects?
    • Moore, W. S., Bowers, D. R., & Granovsky, T. A. (1982) What are magazine articles telling us about insects? Journalism Quarterly, 59, 464-467.
    • (1982) Journalism Quarterly , vol.59 , pp. 464-467
    • Moore, W.S.1    Bowers, D.R.2    Granovsky, T.A.3
  • 54
    • 84950503003 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of wildlife in children’s stories
    • General Technical Report NE-30, Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service
    • More, T. A. (1977). An analysis of wildlife in children’s stories. Children, nature and the urban environment. General Technical Report NE-30, 89-92. Washington, DC: USDA Forest Service.
    • (1977) Children, Nature and the Urban Environment , pp. 89-92
    • More, T.A.1
  • 55
    • 0015013998 scopus 로고
    • Effect of environmental experience on spatial ability in East African society
    • Munroe, R. L., & Munroe, R. H. (1971). Effect of environmental experience on spatial ability in East African society. The Journal of Social Psychology, 83, 3-10.
    • (1971) The Journal of Social Psychology , vol.83 , pp. 3-10
    • Munroe, R.L.1    Munroe, R.H.2
  • 56
    • 0014831284 scopus 로고
    • Manifest fears and worries of ghetto versus middle-class suburban children
    • Nalven, F. B. (1970). Manifest fears and worries of ghetto versus middle-class suburban children. Psychological Reports, 27, 285-286.
    • (1970) Psychological Reports , vol.27 , pp. 285-286
    • Nalven, F.B.1
  • 57
  • 58
    • 84950966089 scopus 로고
    • Roswell, GA: Natural Science for Youth Foundation
    • NSYF (1990). Directory of natural science centers. Roswell, GA: Natural Science for Youth Foundation.
    • (1990) Directory of Natural Science Centers
  • 59
    • 0000272927 scopus 로고
    • Animal and social phobias: Biological constraints on learned fear responses
    • S. Reiss & R. R. Bootzin, New York: Academic Press
    • Ohman, A., Dimberg, U., & Ost, L. (1985). Animal and social phobias: Biological constraints on learned fear responses. In S. Reiss & R. R. Bootzin (Eds.), Theoretical issues in behavior therapy (pp. 123-178). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1985) Theoretical Issues in Behavior Therapy , pp. 123-178
    • Ohman, A.1    Dimberg, U.2    Ost, L.3
  • 60
    • 0025884157 scopus 로고
    • Origins of childhood fears: An evaluation of Rachman’s theory of fear acquisition
    • Ollendick, T. H., & King, N. J. (1991). Origins of childhood fears: An evaluation of Rachman’s theory of fear acquisition. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 29(2), 117-123.
    • (1991) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-123
    • Ollendick, T.H.1    King, N.J.2
  • 62
    • 0019854657 scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of phobias aid anxiety response patterns in clinical patients
    • Ost, L. G., & Hughdal, K. (1981). Acquisition of phobias aid anxiety response patterns in clinical patients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 19, 439-447.
    • (1981) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.19 , pp. 439-447
    • Ost, L.G.1    Hughdal, K.2
  • 63
    • 0023393824 scopus 로고
    • Age of onset in different phobias
    • Ost, L. G. (1987). Age of onset in different phobias. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 96(3), 223-229.
    • (1987) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.96 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-229
    • Ost, L.G.1
  • 64
    • 0017649675 scopus 로고
    • The conditioning theory of fear acquisition: A critical examination
    • Rachman, S. (1977). The conditioning theory of fear acquisition: A critical examination. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 15, 375-387.
    • (1977) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.15 , pp. 375-387
    • Rachman, S.1
  • 66
    • 0015904883 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between exploratory behaviour and fear: A review
    • Russell, P. A. (1973). Relationship between exploratory behaviour and fear: A review. British Journal of Psychology, 64(3), 417-433.
    • (1973) British Journal of Psychology , vol.64 , Issue.3 , pp. 417-433
    • Russell, P.A.1
  • 67
    • 0013361324 scopus 로고
    • Development of environmental competence in girls and boys
    • M. A. Salter (Eds.), West Point, NY: Leisure Press
    • Saegart, S., & Hart, R. (1979). Development of environmental competence in girls and boys. In M. A. Salter (Eds.), Play: Anthropological perspectives (pp. 157-175). West Point, NY: Leisure Press.
    • (1979) Play: Anthropological Perspectives , pp. 157-175
    • Saegart, S.1    Hart, R.2
  • 68
    • 0001005327 scopus 로고
    • On the generality of the laws of learning
    • Seligman, M. E. P. (1970). On the generality of the laws of learning. Psychological Review, 77, 406-418.
    • (1970) Psychological Review , vol.77 , pp. 406-418
    • Seligman, M.E.P.1
  • 69
    • 0000636130 scopus 로고
    • Phobias and preparedness
    • Seligman, M. E. P. (1971). Phobias and preparedness. Behavior Therapy, 2, 307-320.
    • (1971) Behavior Therapy , vol.2 , pp. 307-320
    • Seligman, M.E.P.1
  • 70
    • 0022310772 scopus 로고
    • Adolescent recall of childhood fears and coping strategies
    • Sipes, G., Rardin, M., & Fitzgerald, B. (1985). Adolescent recall of childhood fears and coping strategies. Psychological Reports, 57, 1215-1223.
    • (1985) Psychological Reports , vol.57 , pp. 1215-1223
    • Sipes, G.1    Rardin, M.2    Fitzgerald, B.3
  • 71
    • 0002820590 scopus 로고
    • Significant life experiences: A new research area in environmental education
    • Tanner, T. (1980). Significant life experiences: A new research area in environmental education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 11(4), 20-24.
    • (1980) The Journal of Environmental Education , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 20-24
    • Tanner, T.1
  • 73
    • 0004282318 scopus 로고
    • Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press
    • Tilden, F. (1957). Interpreting our heritage. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
    • (1957) Interpreting Our Heritage
    • Tilden, F.1
  • 74
    • 0018919232 scopus 로고
    • Black under-participation in wildland recreation: Alternative explanations
    • Washbume, R. F. (1978). Black under-participation in wildland recreation: Alternative explanations. Leisure Sciences, 1(2), 175-189.
    • (1978) Leisure Sciences , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 175-189
    • Washbume, R.F.1
  • 76
    • 37949007510 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in home range and cognitive maps in eight-year-old children
    • Webley, P. (1981). Sex differences in home range and cognitive maps in eight-year-old children. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 1, 293-302.
    • (1981) Journal of Environmental Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 293-302
    • Webley, P.1
  • 77
    • 5544247759 scopus 로고
    • A fifth-grade outdoor education program: Expectations and effects
    • Wendling, R. C., & Wuench, K. L. (1985). A fifth-grade outdoor education program: Expectations and effects. Journal of Interpretation, 10(1), 13-20.
    • (1985) Journal of Interpretation , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-20
    • Wendling, R.C.1    Wuench, K.L.2
  • 78
    • 85007832785 scopus 로고
    • Why Johnny shoots stop signs
    • Williams, T. (1988). Why Johnny shoots stop signs. Audubon, 90(5), 112-121.
    • (1988) Audubon , vol.90 , Issue.5 , pp. 112-121
    • Williams, T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.