Isotopic and elemental abundances of copper and zinc in lunar samples, Zagami, Pele's hairs, and a terrestrial basalt

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

Volumn 73, Issue 19, 2009, Pages 5884-5904

  Herzog, G F ^a   Moynier, F ^b,c   Albarede F ^b   Berezhnoy, A A ^a  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE LYON   (France)

^c WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BASALT; COPPER; HYDRODYNAMICS; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; LUNAR CRUST; LUNAR SOIL; MARTIAN METEORITE; MOON; PYROCLASTIC DEPOSIT; VAPORIZATION; ZINC;

EID: 69249103047     PISSN: 00167037     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.05.067     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Albarède F., Luais B., Fitton G., Semet M., Kaminski E., Upton B.G.J., Bachelery P., and Cheminée J.L. The geochemical regimes of Piton de la Fournaise Volcano (Reunion) during the last 530,000 years. J. Petrol. 38 (1997) 171-201
2. Allen Jr. R.O., Jovanovic S., and Reed Jr. G.W. Volatile metals - mode of transport. Lunar Planet. Sci. VIII (1977) 22-24
3. Anders E. Chemical compositions of the Moon, Earth, and eucrite parent body. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 285 (1977) 23-40
4. Anders E., Ganapathy R., Keays R. R., Laul J. C. and Morgan J. W. (1971) Volatile and siderophile elements in lunar rocks: comparison with terrestrial and meteoritic basalts. In Proc. Second Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1021-1036.
5. Annell C. and Helz A. W. (1970) Emission spectrographic determination of trace elements in lunar samples from Apollo 11. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 991-994.
6. Apollo 17 Preliminary Examination Team (1973) Apollo 17 lunar samples: chemical and petrographic description. Science 182, 659-671.
7. Artemieva N.A., Kosarev I.B., Nemtchinov I.V., Trubetskaya I.A., and Shuvalov V.V. Light flashes caused by Leonid meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. Solar System Res. 35 (2001) 177-180
8. Baedecker P. A., Chou C.-L. and Wasson J. T. (1972) The extralunar component in lunar soils and breccias. In Proc. Third Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 3, vol. 2, pp. 1343-1359.
9. Baedecker P. A., Chou C.-L., Grudewicz E. B. and Wasson J. T. (1973) Volatile and siderophilic trace elements in Apollo 15 samples: geochemical implications and characterization of the long-lived and short-lived extralunar materials. In Proc. Fourth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 4, vol. 2, pp. 1177-1195.
10. Baedecker P. A., Chou C.-L., Sundberg L. L. and Wasson J. T. (1974) Volatile and siderophilic trace elements in the soils and rocks of Taurus-Littrow. In Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. Fifth, Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 5, vol. 2, pp. 1625-1643.
11. Barnes I. L., Carpenter B. S., Garner E. L., Gramlich J. W., Kuehner E. C., Machlan L. A., Maienthal E. J., Moody J. R., Moore L. J., Murphy T. J., Paulsen P. J., Sappenfield K. M. and Shields W. R. (1972) Isotopic abundance ratios and concentrations of selected elements in Apollo 14 samples. In Proc. Third Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 3, vol. 2, pp. 1465-1472.
12. Beard B.L., and Johnson C.M. Comment on "Iron isotope fractionation during planetary differentiation" by S. Weyer et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. V240, pages 251-264. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 256 (2007) 633-637
13. Ben Othman D., Luck J.M., Bodinier J.L., Arndt N.T., and Albarède F. Cu-Zn isotopic variations in the Earth's mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70 (2006) 46 (Abstract)
14. Berezhnoy A.A., and Klumov B.A. Impacts as sources of the exosphere on Mercury. Icarus 195 (2008) 511-522
15. Bougault H., and Hekinian R. Rift valley in the Atlantic Ocean near 36°50′N: petrology and geochemistry of basaltic rocks. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 24 (1974) 249-261
16. Bouvier A., Blichert-Toft J., Vervoort J.D., and Albarède F. The age of SNC meteorites and the antiquity of the Martian surface. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 240 (2005) 221-233
17. Boynton W. V., Baedecker P. A., Chou C.-L., Robinson K. L. and Wasson J. T. (1975) Mixing and transport of lunar surface materials - evidence obtained by the determination of lithophile, siderophile, and volatile elements. In Proc. Sixth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 6, vol. 2, pp. 2241-2259.
18. Brunfelt A. O., Heier K. S., Nilssen B., Sundvoll B. and Steinnes E. (1974) Elemental composition of Apollo 17 fines and rocks. In Proc. Fifth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 5, vol. 2, pp. 981-990.
19. Bruno M., Cremonese G., and Marchi S. Neutral sodium atoms release from the surface of the Moon and Mercury induced by meteoroid impacts. Planet. Space Sci. 55 (2007) 1494-1501
20. Butler Jr. P. and Meyer Jr. C. (1976) Sulfur prevails in coatings on glass droplets: Apollo 15 green and brown glasses and Apollo 17 orange and black (devitrified) glasses. In Proc. Seventh Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 7, vol. 2, pp. 1561-1581.
21. Cameron A.G.W. Higher-resolution simulations of the Giant Impact. In: Canup R.M., and Righter K. (Eds). Origin of the Earth and Moon (2000), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ 133-144
22. Canup R. M. (2008) Implications of lunar origin via Giant Impact for the Moon's composition and the thermal state of the protoearth. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXIX. Lunar Planetary Science Inst., Houston, TX. 2429 (abstr.pdf, CD-ROM).
23. Cirlin E.H., and Housley R.M. Distribution and evolution of Zn, Cd, and Pb in Apollo 16 regolith samples and the average U-Pb ages of the parent rocks. Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. 12B (1981) 529-540
24. Clayton R. N. (I986) High-temperature isotope effects in the early solar system. Rev. Mineral. 16, 129-140.
25. Clayton R.N. Oxygen isotopes in meteorites. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 21 (1993) 115-149
26. Colson R. O. (1992) Mineralization on the moon? Theoretical considerations of Apollo 16 'rusty rocks', sulfide replacement in 67016, and surface-correlated volatiles on lunar volcanic glass. In Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci., vol. 22. Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX, pp. 427-436.
27. Compston W., Chappell B. W., Arriens P. A. and Vernon M. J. (1970) The chemistry and age of Apollo 11 lunar material. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1007-1027.
28. Doe B.R. Zinc, copper, and lead in mid-ocean ridge basalts and the source rock control on Zn/Pb in ocean-ridge hydrothermal deposits. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 (1994) 2215-2223
29. Dreibus G., Palme H., Rammensee W., Spettel B., and Wänke H. On the mobilization and redistribution of au and other siderophiles in lunar highland materials. Lunar Planet. Sci. XII (1981) 240-242
30. Edmunson J., Gaffney A. M. and Borg L. E. (2006) Disturbance of U-Pb isotopic systematics in lunar samples: mare basalt 10017 and norite 78238. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXVII. Lunar Planetary Science Inst., Houston, TX. 1506 (abstr.pdf., CD-ROM).
31. Esat T.M. Comment on "Potassium isotope cosmochemistry: genetic implications of volatile element depletion" by M. Humayun and R.N. Clayton. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 60 (1996) 3755-3757
32. Faure G. Principles of Isotope Geology. second ed. (1986), John Wiley & Sons, New York p. 142
33. Ganapathy R., Keyes R. R., Laul J. C. and Anders E. (1970) Trace elements in Apollo 11 lunar rocks: implications for meteorite influx and origin of Moon. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1117-1142.
34. Gast P.W., and Hubbard N.J. Abundance of alkali metals, alkaline and rare earths, and strontium-87/strontium-86 ratios in lunar samples. Science 167 (1970) 485-487
35. Giguere T.A., Taylor G.J., Hawke B., and Lucey P.G. The titanium contents of lunar mare basalts. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 35 (2000) 193-200
36. Goles G. G., Randle K., Osawa M., Schmitt R. A., Wakita H., Ehmann W. D. and Morgan J. W. (1970) Elemental abundances by instrumental activation analyses in chips from 27 lunar rocks. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1165-1176.
37. Graf J.C. Lunar soils grain size catalog. NASA Reference Publication 1265 (1993) 390-391
38. Green D. H., Ringwood A. E., Hibberson W. O. and Ware N. G. (1975) Experimental petrology of Apollo 17 mare basalts. In Proc. Lunar Sci. Conf. Sixth, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 6, vol. 1, pp. 871-893.
39. Haff P. K., Switkowski Z. E., Burnett D. S. and Tombrello T. A. (1977) Gravitational and recoil contributions to surface mass fractionation by solar-wind sputtering. In Proc. Eighth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 8, vol. 3, pp. 3807-3815.
40. Halliday A.N., Wänke H., Birck J.-L., and Clayton R.N. The accretion, composition and early differentiation of Mars. Space Sci. Rev. 196 (2001) 197-230
41. Haskin L., and Warren P. Lunar chemistry. In: Heiken G., Vaniman D., and French B.M. (Eds). Lunar Sourcebook, A User's Guide to the Moon (1991), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England 357-474
42. Haskin L. A., Allen R. O., Helmke P. A., Paster T. P., Anderson M. R., Korotev R. L. and Zweifel K. A. (1970) Rare-earths and other trace elements in Apollo 11 lunar samples. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1213-1231.
43. Heiken G.H., McKay D.S., and Brown B.W. Lunar deposits of possible pyroclastic origin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 38 (1974) 1703-1718
44. Housley R. M. (1979) A model for chemical and isotopic fractionation in the lunar regolith by impact vaporization. In Proc. 10th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 11, vol. 2, pp. 1673-1683.
45. Humayun M., and Clayton R.N. The non-terrestrial origin of the Moon. Lunar Planet. Sci. 25 (1994) 579-580
46. Humayun M., and Clayton R.N. Potassium isotope cosmochemistry: genetic implications of volatile element depletion. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59 (1995) 2131-2148
47. Humayun M., and Cassen P. Processes determining the volatile abundances of the meteorites and terrestrial planets. In: Canup R.M., and Righter K. (Eds). Origin of the Earth and Moon (2000), University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ 3-23
48. Hunter R. H. and Taylor L. A. (1982) Rusty rock 66095 - a paradigm for volatile-element mobility in highland rocks. In Proc. 12th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. vol. 1. New York and Oxford, pp. 261-280.
49. Jerde E.A., Snyder G.A., Taylor L.A., Liu Y.-G., and Schmitt R.A. Chemical composition of Apollo 11 mare basalt rocks: evidence for sample heterogeneity in 10057. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXIII (1992) 613
50. Jerde E.A., Snyder G.A., Taylor L.A., Liu Y.-G., and Schmitt R.A. The origin and evolution of lunar high-Ti basalts: periodic melting of a single source at Mare Tranquillitatis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58 (1994) 515-527
51. Keller L.P., and McKay D.S. The nature and origin of rims on lunar soil grains. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 61 (1997) 2331-2341
52. Krähenbühl U. (1980) Distribution of volatile and non-volatile elements in grain-size fractions of Apollo 17 drive tube 74001/2. In Proc. 11th Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 14, vol. 2, pp. 1551-1564.
53. Kramer F. E., Twedell D. B. and Walton Jr. W. J. A. (1977) Apollo-11 Lunar Sample Information Catalog. Johnson Space Center Report JSC 12522. Available from: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a11/a11.html.
54. Lodders K. A survey of shergottite, nakhlite and Chassigny meteorites whole-rock compositions. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 33 (1998) A183-A190
55. Lodders K., and Fegley Jr. B. The Planetary Scientist's Companion (1998), Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 371 pp
56. 16O excesses in chondrites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 (2003) 143-151
57. Luck J.M., Ben Othman D., and Albarède F. Zn and Cu isotopic variations in chondrites and iron meteorites: early solar nebula reservoirs and parent-body processes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 69 (2005) 5351-5363
58. Lucey P., Korotev R.L., Gillis J.J., Taylor L.A., Lawrence D., Campbell B.A., Elphic R., Feldman B., Hood L.L., Hunten D., Mendillo M., Noble S., Papike J.J., Reedy R.C., Lawson S., Prettyman T., Gasnault O., and Maurice S. In: Jolliff B.L., Wieczorek M.A., Shearer C.K., and Neal C.R. (Eds). New Views of the Moon vol. 60 (2006), Rev. Mineral. Geochem. 83-219
59. Maréchal C.M., and Albarède F. Ion-exchange fractionation of copper and zinc isotopes. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 (2002) 1499-1509
60. Maréchal C.M., Télouk P., and Albarède F. Precise analysis of copper and zinc isotopic compositions by plasma-source mass spectrometry. Chem. Geol. 156 (1999) 251-273
61. Marti K., Kim J.S., Thakur A.N., McCoy T.J., and Keil K. Signatures of the Martian atmosphere in glass of the Zagami meteorite. Science 267 (1995) 1981-1984
62. Maxwell J. A., Peck L. C. and Wiik H. B. (1970) Chemical composition of Apollo 11 lunar samples 10017, 10020, 10072 and 10084. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1369-1374.
63. McDonough W.F., and Sun S.-S. The composition of the Earth. Chem. Geol. 120 (1995) 223-253
64. McDougall I. The geochronology and evolution of the young volcanic island of Reunion, Indian Ocean. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 35 (1971) 261-288
65. McDougall I., and Compston W. Strontium isotope composition and potassium-rubidium ratios in some rocks from Reunion and Rodriguez, Indian Ocean. Nature 207 (1965) 252-253
66. McKay C.P., and Borucki W.J. Organic synthesis in experimental impact shock waves. Science 276 (1997) 390-392
67. McSween Jr. H.Y. Meteorites and their Parent Planets. second ed. (1999), Cambridge University Press, 322 pp
68. Meyer Jr. C., McKay D. S., Anderson D. H. and Butler Jr. P. (1975) The source of sublimates on the Apollo 15 green and Apollo 17 orange glass samples. In Proc. Sixth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 6, vol. 2, pp. 1673-1699.
69. Morrison G. H., Gerard J. T., Kashuba A. T., Gangadharam E. V., Rothenberg A. M., Potter N. M. and Miller G. B. (1970) Elemental abundances of lunar soil and rocks. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1383-1392.
70. Moynier F., Rushmer T., and Albarède F. Zn isotopic mass fractionation during high temperature segregation of metal from silicate. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 40 Suppl. (2005) A107 (Abstract)
71. Moynier F., Albarède F., and Herzog G.F. Isotopic composition of zinc and copper in lunar samples. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70 (2006) 6103-6117
72. Moynier F., Bouvier A., Blichert-Toft J., Gasperini D., and Albarède F. Eu isotopic variations in Allende CAI and the nature of mass-dependent fractionation in the solar nebula. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 70 (2006) 4287-4294
73. Moynier F., Blichert-Toft J., Luck J.M., Telouk P., and Albarède F. Comparative stable isotope geochemistry of Ni, Cu, Zn, and Fe in chondrites and iron meteorites. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 71 (2007) 4365-4379
74. Moynier F., Beck P., Jourdan F., Yin Q.Z., Reimold U.W., and Koeberl C. Isotopic fractionation of Zn in tektites. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 277 (2009) 482-489
75. 70Zn anomalies in meteorites. Astrop. J. 700 (2009) L92-L95
76. Mullane E., Russell S. S. and Gounelle M. (2005) Enstatite chondrites: an iron and zinc isotope study. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXVI. Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX. 1250 (abstr.pdf, CD-ROM)
77. Mullane E., Russell S. S. and Gounelle M. (2005) Aubrites: an iron and zinc isotope study. Lunar Planet. Sci. XXXVI. Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX. 1251 (abstr.pdf, CD-ROM)
78. Neal C.R. Interior of the Moon: the presence of garnet in the primitive deep lunar mantle. J. Geophys. Res. 106 (2001) 27865-27886
79. Neal C.R., and Taylor L.A. Petrogenesis of mare basalts: a record of lunar volcanism. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 56 (1992) 2177-2211
80. Neal C. R. and Taylor L. A. (1993a) Catalog of Apollo 17 rocks, vol. 2, Central Valley, Part 1. Johnson Space Center Report JSC 26088, 522 pp. Available from: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a17/a17.html.
81. Neal C. R. and Taylor L. A. (1993b) Catalog of Apollo 17 rocks, vol. 3, Central Valley, Part 2. Johnson Space Center Report JSC 26088, 522 pp. Available from: http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a17/a17.html.
82. NIST Kinetics Database on the Web (2008) Standard Reference Database 17, Version 7.0 (Web Version), Release 1.4.1. Available from: http://kinetics.nist.gov/kinetics/.
83. Norman M.D. The composition and thickness of the crust of Mars estimated from rare earth elements and neodymium-isotopic compositions of Martian meteorites. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 34 (1999) 439-449
84. Norman M.D., Keil K., Griffin W.L., and Ryan C.G. Fragments of ancient lunar crust: Petrology and geochemistry of ferroan noritic anorthosites from the Descartes region of the Moon. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59 (1995) 831-847
85. Pahlevan K., and Stevenson D.J. Equilibration in the aftermath of the lunar-forming giant impact. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 262 (2007) 438-449
86. Poitrasson F. Does planetary differentiation really fractionate iron isotopes? (A comment of "Iron isotope fractionation during planetary differentiation" by S. Weyer, A.D. Anbar, G.P. Brey, C Münker, K. Mezger and A.B. Woodland, EPSL, 240, 251-264). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 256 (2007) 484-492
87. Poitrasson F., Halliday A.N., Lee D.-C., Levasseur S., and Teutsch N. Iron isotope differences between Earth, Moon, Mars and Vesta as possible records of contrasted accretion mechanisms. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 223 (2004) 253-266
88. Potter A.E., and Morgan T.H. Extended sodium exosphere of the moon. Geophys. Res. Lett. 15 (1988) 1515-1518
89. Puchtel J.S., and Humayun M. Platinum group element fractionation in a komatiitic basalt lava lake. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 65 (2001) 2979-2993
90. Rees C. E. and Thode H. G. (1974) Sulfur concentrations and isotope ratios in Apollo 16 and 17 samples. In Proc. Fifth Lunar Sci. Conf. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 5, vol. 2, pp. 1963-1973.
91. Rhodes J. M., Rodgers K. V., Shih C., Bansal B. M., Nyquist L. E., Wiesmann H. and Hubbard N. J. (1974) The relationship between geology and soil chemistry at the Apollo 17 landing site. In Proc. Fifth Lunar Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 5, vol. 2, pp. 1097-1117.
92. Rose Jr. H. J., Cuttitta F., Berman S., Brown F. W., Carron M. K., Christian R. P., Dwornik E. J. and Greenland L. P. (1974) Chemical composition of rocks and soils at Taurus-Littrow. In Proc. Fifth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 5, vol. 2, pp. 1119-1133.
93. Rose Jr. H. J., Baedecker P. A., Berman S., Christian R. P., Dwornik E. J., Finkelman R. B. and Schnepfe M. M. (1975) In Proc. Sixth Lunar Sci. Conf. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 6, vol. 2, pp. 1363-1373.
94. Sarantos M., Killen R.M., Sharma A.S., and Slavin J.A. Influence of plasma ions on source rates for the lunar exosphere during passage through the Earth's magnetosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35 (2008) L04105
95. Signer P., Baur H., Derksen U., Etique P., Funk H., Horn P. and Wieler R. (1977) Helium, neon, and argon records of lunar soil evolution. In Proc. Eighth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 8, vol. 2, pp. 3657-3683.
96. Taylor G.J., Warren P., Ryder G., Delano J., Pieters C., and Lofgren G. Lunar rocks. In: Heiken G., Vaniman D., and French B.M. (Eds). Lunar Sourcebook. A User's Guide to the Moon (1991), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England 183-284
97. Wänke H., Rieder R., Baddenhausen H., Spettel B., Teschke F., Quijano-Rico M. and Balacescu A. (1970) Major and trace element in lunar material. In Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 1, vol. 2, pp. 1719-1727.
98. Wänke H., Palme H., Baddenhausen H., Dreibus G., Jagoutz E., Kruse H., Palme C., Spettel B., Teschke F. and Thacker R. (1975) New data on the chemistry of lunar samples - primary matter in the lunar highlands and the bulk composition of the moon. In Proc. Sixth Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 6, vol. 2, pp. 1313-1340.
99. Wasson J. T., Boynton W. V., Kallemeyn G. W., Sundberg L. L. and Wai C. M. (1976) Volatile compounds released during lunar lava fountaining. In Proc. Seventh Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 7, vol. 2, pp. 1583-1595.
100. Weitz C.M., Rutherford M.J., Head III J.W., and McKay D.S. Ascent and eruption of a lunar high-titanium magma as inferred from the petrology of the 74001/2 drill core. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 34 (1999) 527-540
101. Weyer S., Anbar A., Brey G.P., Munker C., Mezger K., and Woodland A.B. Iron isotope fractionation during planetary differentiation. Earth Planet. Sci. Let. 240 (2005) 251-264
102. Weyer S., Anbar A.D., Brey G.P., Münker C., Mezger K., and Woodland A.B. Fe-isotope fractionation during partial melting on Earth and the current view on the Fe-isotope budgets of the planets (reply to the comment of F. Poitrasson and to the comment of B.L. Beard and C.M. Johnson on "Iron isotope fractionation during planetary differentiation by S. Weyer, A.D. Anbar, G.P. Brey, C. Nünker, K. Mezger and A.B. Woodland). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 256 (2007) 638-646
103. Wiesli R.A., Beard B.L., Taylor L.A., and Johnson C.M. Space weathering processes on airless bodies: Fe isotope fractionation in the lunar regolith. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 216 (2003) 457-465
104. Wiik H.B., and Ojanpera P. Chemical analyses of lunar samples 10017, 10072, and 10084. Science 167 (1970) 531-532
105. Wolf R., Woodrow A. and Anders E. (1979) Lunar basalts and pristine highland rocks: comparison of siderophile and volatile elements. In Proc. 10th Lunar Sci. Conf. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta Suppl. 11, vol. 2, pp. 2107-2130.
106. Xue S., Herzog G.F., and Hall G.S. Zn isotope abundances of lunar soils 64801, 68841, 69941, and 69961. Meteoritics 30 (1995) 603
107. Zana N., and Hamaguchi H. Pele's hairs produced by the 1981 Nyamuragira eruption. Bull. Vol. Soc. Jpn. 28 (1983) 313-316
108. Zel'dovich Ya.B., and Raizer Yu.P. In: Hayes W.D., and Probstein R.F. (Eds). Physics of Shock Waves and High-temperature Hydrodynamic Phenomena (1967), Academic Press, New York